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8Changes in the needs of the modern educational process, aimed at the comprehensive development of personality, necessitate the design of fundamentally new in their functionality university information and learning environments [6, 7].
The idea of the educational environment of Vin-nytsia National Agrarian University (VNAU) is based on the use of a program of end-to-end computer training of students, provides the opportunity to create individual learning trajectories and promotes professional and personal development of students. The management system of Socrates University has a unique structure that effectively teaches and communicates the student through a personal account. The student's personal office contains: the student's study card (which contains all the educational information from each discipline); electronic tests; own WEB-accounting program; library resources; WEB-chat, microblogs, student forums and more.
Professional and personal self-development of students requires a comprehensive approach. Information technologies have significant potential for professional and personal self-development. We consider the most effective university information and educational environments, development of electronic portfolios, introduction of modern educational brands into the educational process (e-learning), mobile learning (M-learning), pervasive learning (U-learning), blended learning Blended learning).
References
1. Fritsyuk VA Professional self-development of the future teacher: monograph / V. A. Fritsyuk. - Vin-nytsia: Nilan Ltd., 2016. - 364 p.
2. Duhnich Y. European Studies 2020 Smart education [Electronic resource]. 2014. URL: http://www.smart-edu.com/learning-in-europe-2020.html.
3. Theory and practice of blended learning: a monograph / V.M. Kukharenko S.M. Berezenska, K.L. Buhaychuk, N. Oliynyk, T.O. Oliynyk, O.V. Rybalko, N.H. Syrotenko, A.L. Stolyarevs'ka; for order. V.M. Kukharenko - Kharkiv: "Miskdruk", NTU "KPI", 2016. - 284 p.
4. Morse N., Spivak S. Formation of a modern cloud-based personalized educational environment taking into account the ICT competence of the participants of the educational process // Open educational e-envi-ronment of a modern university, № 3 (2017). - P.274-282.
5. Its SV Technology of using web-portfolio in the training of future foreign language teachers. Access mode: http://eprints.zu.edu.ua/11268/1/Its.pdf.
6. Bratko M.V. Educational environment of higher education institution: functional aspect / M.V. Bratko // Pedagogical process: theory and practice. - 2015.Vip. 1-2.- P. 11-18. - Access mode: http://nbuv.gov.ua/ UJRN / pptp_2015_1 -2_4.
7. Bykov V. Educational environment of modern pedagogical systems [Electronic resource] / V. Bykov // Electronic collection of scientific works of the Zaporozhye regional institute of postgraduate pedagogical education. - 2010. - №1. - Access mode: http://vir-tkafedra.ucoz.ua/el_gurnal//pages/ vyp1 /Bykov.pdf.
TRAINING OF THE FUTURE TOURISM SPECIALISTS FOR ANIMATION ACTIVITIES IN THE RECREATIONAL AND HEALTH SPHERE IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN PARADIGM OF
HIGHER EDUCATION
Zakharina A.
lecturer of the Tourism, Hotel and Catering Business Department, Classic Private University (Zaporizhzhia),
Abstract
The article states that the level of training of future tourism specialists for animation activities in the recreational and health sphere does not meet contemporary requirements. It was emphasized that higher school needs to change curricula, reduce the volume of humanitarian education, and enhance study of professional and practical disciplines.
Keywords: training, future tourism specialists, specialists of hotel and tourism enterprises, animation activities.
Problem setting. The world space internationalization, political and legal, social and economic, as well as cultural rapprochement of countries have become the leading tendencies of modern social development. One of the means of integration is the tourism industry, which, in addition to the performing of traditional functions of leisure and recreation, appears to be an equal participant in economic processes. The tourism industry has a great influence on the nation economy: it serves as a source of foreign currency inflow; ensures the growth of population employment; contributes to
the diversification of the economy by creating industries serving accommodation means, food companies, transport, medical services, educational institutions, etc.
Thus, one of the most important tasks of Ukrainian system of professional education is the training of tourism specialists at the level of world standards, which involves solving a number of complex problems related to improving the quality of education, involving representatives of tourism, hotel and catering business in the management of the training process for tourism specialists, improvement of monitoring of staffing needs of the
tourism, hotel and catering market, extending of international cooperation, etc.
Since the simulation of various forms of leisure activities for tourists is one of the professional tasks of a tourism specialist, the need for forming their creative personality with a certain style of activity is increasing. They should be notable for broad-based knowledge, intelligence, intercultural competence, tolerance to other cultures and, at the same time, be creative and active person for implementation of animation activity in the recreational and health sphere. The high level of requirements for a modern tourism specialist implies the appropriate abilities and professional qualities, which, in turn, depends on the level of professional education.
Research and publications analysis. Today, tourism education in Ukraine is at a quite high level, especially regarding theoretical education, but there are some problems concerning the practical training of potential staff in tourism industry, caused by the quite low level of interaction of educational institutions and enterprises of the tourism industry. Therefore, the problem of effective cooperation between higher education institutions and tourism companies remains important, since both parties are interested in the quality training of tourism specialists: higher educational institutions look to ensure own prestige and quality of education, while entrepreneurs want to hire highly qualified staff.
The issues of improving the quality of tourism specialists training have become the subject of many studies. The scientific interests of scholars include theoretical and methodological principles, the content and optimization of the tourism specialists training (L. H. Zanevska, A. P. Konokh, L. S. Solovei, H. O. Sorokina, L. M. Ustymenko, V. K. Fedorchenko, N. A. Fomenko, and others).
Scholars such as: O. M. Danova, L. V. Knodel, K.
0. Starodub, and others studied the peculiarities of training of specialists in tourism, hotel and catering business in Europe and in the world.
Diagnostics of the quality of professional education in the sphere of hotel and tourism business was analyzed by O. S. Hrynkevych, Ye. M. Ilina, H. S. Tsekhmistrova and others.
The development of communicative competence of the future specialists was studied by N. S. Yerukova,
1. O. Zymnia, M. F. Stepko, and others); problems and prospects of practical training of specialists in the sphere of hotel and tourism business were covered by L. V. Kozak, L. H. Luk'ianova, N. S. Mykytiv, and others).
Internationale researchers (C. Cooper, R. Scales, J. Westlake, E. Juline Mills, Rob Law, M. Marrengula, J. S. Shivers, G. Smith, and others) also paid a lot of attention to issues related to animation activities in recreational and health sphere.
Despite the development of many issues related to the training of future tourism specialists, the formation of readiness for animation activities in the recreational and health sphere is still underestimated.
The aim of the work is to characterize the professional training of future tourism specialists for animation activities in the recreational and health sphere in
the context of the contemporary paradigm of higher education.
Material and methods: theoretical analysis, content analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, as well as tourism literature; questioning of specialists of hotel and tourism enterprises.
The main research material layout. The O. S. Hrynkevych, M. M. Yunko and A. V. Matseliukh, on the basis of interviewing of hotel and tourism business managers, noted that one of the main problems is the industry's backlog of needs in the specialists of new formation. The authors believe that the heads of tourism companies, hotel and tourism complexes must be specialists with a broad-based knowledge, who are able to manage the team, to apply new technologies and modern marketing developments in practice [1].
L. V. Knodel observes that international organizations dealing with the sphere of tourism education and specialists training define the specific tasks of professional tourism education, one of which is aimed at "the improving the structure of a stage-by-stage system of professional education in tourism; creation of international standards for tourism education, of new professions nomenclature" [2, p. 20].
The rapid change in living conditions makes us seek new approaches to the training of specialists for the hospitality industry, capable of working effectively in the 21st century. N. A. Fomenko and H. S. Tsekhmis-trova consider that the aim of the tourism education policy improving should be the ensuring of implementation of modern educational technologies, the involvement of business representatives in the educational process and the use of the best international practices. According to scholars, "the tourism industry challenges a system of professional education to develop and introduce new harmonized educational standards and curricula, to develop criteria and implement certification of personnel. In world practice, personnel management is one of the key factors in the success of enterprise performance" [3, p. 12].
The analysis of scientific literature gives grounds to state that the training of staff for the tourism industry is a strategic priority of the development of tourism in Ukraine; one of the major problems in this industry is the backlog of its needs in the specialists of new formation, who have been trained in accordance with new educational programs.
Today, in Ukraine, there are problems that negatively affect the professional training of tourism specialists in accordance with world standards, namely:
- there is no State Program for Development of Tourism (State Program for Development of Tourism for 2002-2010 was not implemented in full; in 2013 the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine enacted the Concept for the Development of Tourism and Resorts until 2022, but the State Target Program for Development of Tourism and Resorts has not been developed yet);
- the relevant industry standards for higher education have not been fully developed, and the number of hotels in Ukraine included in international hotel chains is small;
- insufficient use of international practices, etc.
These problems hinder the development of tourism industry in Ukraine.
For Ukraine, the problem of improving the training system of personnel for tourism industry is of particular importance because the development of domestic and inbound tourism requires the specialists of high qualification. The demand for professionally trained personnel exceeds the supply. The problem resides not in the quantity of graduates of specialized educational institutions, but in the level of their training. The system of training for specialists in the sphere of tourism, hotel and catering business is at the nascent stage and looks ahead the solution for very complex tasks, considering the diversity of the tourism industry and its basic multidisciplinary structure. This system should be flexible and mobile, in order to react in a short time to any changes in the tourism and hotel markets, to become one of the most profitable branches of the national economy.
The Ukrainian system of professional education in tourism began to establish since the mid-90s of the 20th century and by this time it is still at the stage of formation: the directions, specialties and specializations are being changed, new standards are being appeared, curricula are being updated every year and the number of educational institutions that train future specialists in tourism, hotel and catering business is increasing.
For a long time, in Ukraine there was no professional training of tourism specialists in the higher educational institutions. Therefore, fundamental tourism, hotel and catering education in Ukraine is a relatively new area of education. Training of specialists in the "Tourism" and "Hotel Industry" specialties in higher educational institutions of Ukraine of different levels of accreditation has been carried out since 2002. In 2004, the Ministry of Science and Education of Ukraine approved the branch standards of higher education of Ukraine for bachelors in the 0504 "Tourism" training field of 6.050400 "Hotel Industry" and 6.050401 "Tourism" specialties.
According to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1719 (1719-2006-n) dated December 13, 2006, the training for "Bachelor" and "Master" educational and qualification levels in tourism, hotel and catering business is carried out within the 1401 "Services Sector" branch of knowledge. According to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 266 (1719-2006-n), dated April 29, 2015, the training for "Bachelor" and "Master" educational and qualification levels will be carried out within the 242 "Services Sector" branch of knowledge in 241 "Hotel and Catering Business" and 242 "Tourism" fields of education. Today, in Ukraine there is training
in the "Hotel and Catering Business" and "Tourism" fields of education (the "Services Sector" branch of knowledge).
Analysis of the 2017 data of "Konkurs" information system showed that the training of tourism specialists is carried out by 98 state and private higher education institutions, of hotel and catering business - by 38 institutions. The following higher educational institutions In Ukraine have the highest numbers of licensed intakes: Zaporizhzhya National Technical University, the National Aviation University, "Vasyl Stefanyk Pre-carpathian National University" State Higher Educational Institution, V. I. Vernadsky Taurida National University, Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, etc. The leader among private higher educational institutions is "Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts" Private Higher Educational Institution. The most common qualifications among bachelors after the completion of their education are: "Bachelor in Tourism", "Tourism Organization Agent, Guide", "Tourism Specialist", "Bachelor in Hotel and Catering Business", "Hotel and Catering Business Specialist".
A large number of universities, of course, contributes to the development of the tourism industry, but the very low level of cooperation between the institutions of professional education and enterprises does not provide the opportunity to establish a high-quality theoretical and practical aspects of education.
In order to find out the state of professional training of future tourism specialists in higher educational institutions, a questionnaire among specialists of hotel and tourism enterprises of Zaporizhzhya city was conducted. The survey covered 43 specialists working in such tourism enterprises as "Symvol", "Trevel Sich", "MriiaKomTur" and in such hotels as "Inturyst", "Dzhaz" and "Teatralnyi".
The points of view of the surveyed specialists of hotel and tourism enterprises on whether, in their opinion, the level of professional training of tourism specialists corresponds to the modern requirements, are following: 4.65% of respondents think that the level of professional training of specialists in hotel and resort business meets the modern requirements; meets partly - 41.86%; does not meet - 18.6%; it was difficult to answer - 34.89% of answers. Unfortunately, only half of respondents think that professional training of specialists corresponds to some degree to modern requirements (Figure 1).
Fig. 1. Results of the answers of specialists of hotel and tourism enterprises on the training offuture tourism specialists for animation activities in the recreational and health sphere: 1 - the level ofprofessional training of specialists in hotel and resort business meets the modern requirements; 2 - meets partly; 3 - does not meet; 4 -
it was difficult to answer (%).
The answers of specialists of hotel and tourism enterprises regarding the necessity to improve the practical training in animation activities in the recreational and health sphere for students of higher educational institutions were following: 46.5% of respondents emphasize the necessity of this training; 34.9% of re-
spondents think it is a partial necessity; 11.6% of respondents consider that the training for animation activities in the recreational and health sphere does not needed; for 7% of respondents it was difficult to answer (Figure 2).
<D <D £
40
30
20-
10-
0
11.6
1
2
3
4
Fig. 2. Results of the answers of specialists of hotel and tourism enterprises on the need to improve the practical training in animation activities in the recreational and health sphere for students of higher educational institutions (%): 1 - the training is needed; 2 - it is partly needed; 3 - the training does not needed; 4 - it was difficult
to answer.
Theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature indicates that future tourism specialists are tasked with mastering the knowledge, skills and expertise, they have to be able to competently and responsibly perform professional functions that will encourage the tourists to animation activities in order to improve their health, lift their spirit, restore vital forces and life energy.
Higher education institutions are given the task to train students for future professional activities in the context of integrated markets of labor and education, which is why the higher school have to change curricula, reduce the volume of humanitarian education, improve the study of professional and practical disciplines.
In general, we can offer the following directions for improving the training system of personnel for tourism industry: the analysis of labour-market needs in professionals of tourism specialties and occupations; the development of professional standards of the occupations of the tourism industry employees considering new ways and opportunities; the development of certification system of personnel (qualifications and competencies), which can be applied to graduates of all levels of professional education.
However, the study does not cover the whole range of issues related to the training of future tourism specialists. Further research will be needed on the problem of the organization of cooperation between higher education institutions and enterprises of the tourism industry, as well as the improvement of the practical component of professional training and the correction of branch standards for higher education.
Conclusions. The processing of scientific, methodical and educational literature, and analysis of questionnaires of specialists of hotel and tourism enterprises indicates the need to increase the level of professional training of future tourism specialists to animation activities in the recreational and health sphere.
Prospects for further research is to develop scientific and methodological support in order to increase the efficiency of the training for future tourism specialists to animation activities in the recreational and health sphere.
References
1. Hrynkevych O. S. (2007) Monitoring profesiinih znan ta navikiv menedjeriv u sferi gotelno_turistichnogo biznesu [Monitoring of professionals in the field of tourism and sports] Visnik Lvivskogo institutu ekonomiki i turizmu. Vol. 2. pp. 92-96. (In Ukrainian).
2. Knodel L. V. (2007) Teoriya i praktika pidgotovki fahivciv sferi turizmu v krainah - chlenah Vsesvitnoi' turistskoi' organizacii' [The theory and practice of training specialists in the field of tourism in the member countries of the World Tourism Organization] avtoref. dis. na zdobuttya naukovogo stupenya d_ra ped. nauk spec. 13.00.04 "Teoriya i metodika profesiinoi' osviti". Ternopil. 40 p. (In Ukrainian).
3. Fomenko N. A. (2012) Pidvischennya kvalifikacii turistichnih kadriv - vimoga chasu [Improving the qualifications of tourist staff is a requirement of time] Vischa shkola. Vol. 1. - pp. 7-14. (In Ukrainian).
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ РАБОТНИКОВ БИБЛИОТЕЧНОЙ СФЕРЫ И ИХ ПРОФИЛАКТИКА СРЕДСТВАМИ ОЗДОРОВИТЕЛЬНОЙ АЭРОБИКИ
Платонова Я.В.,
к.п.н., доцент, доцент кафедры физического воспитания Тамбовского государственного университета имени Г.Р. Державина
Моток В.С.
студентка 4 курса направления подготовки «Библиотечно-информационная деятельность» факультета культуры и искусств Тамбовского государственного университета имени Г.Р. Державина
OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES OF LIBRARY WORKERS AND THEIR PREVENTION BY MEANS OF
HEALTH-IMPROVING AEROBICS
Platonova Ya.,
Ph.D.,
Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Physical Education
Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin
Motok V.
4th year student of the field of study «Library and information activities» Faculty of Culture and Arts Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin
Аннотация
Представлены результаты исследования, проведенного с целью изучения представлений студентов 14 курсов направления подготовки «Библиотечно-информационная деятельность» факультета культуры и искусств ТГУ имени Г.Р. Державина о проблеме профессиональных заболеваний работников библиотечной сферы. Проанализированы факторы профессионального риска, которым подвергаются библиотекари на своих рабочих местах. Среди них: вдыхание книжной пыли, длительная работа за персональным компьютером, многочасовое пребывание в нерациональной рабочей позе, высокие психологические нагрузки, не соответствие метеоусловий на рабочих местах требуемым гигиеническим стандартам, негативное влияние оргтехники, заражение заболеваниями, передающимися воздушно-капельным путем.
Результаты исследования показали, что более половины студентов 1-4 курсов направления подготовки «Библиотечно-информационная деятельность» факультета культуры и искусств ТГУ имени Г.Р.
