CC BY
11
UDC 631.312
Tovashov R.Kh.
basic doctoral student, Karshi EEI Karshi, Uzbekistan
THEORETICAL BASIS OF THE CRUSHING ANGLE OF THE LOOSENING WORKING BODY
BLADES OF THE COMBINED MACHINE
Abstract
This article presents the theoretical research and their results on the substantiation of the penetration of the blades of the softening body of the combined machine for the preparation of sloping lands for planting and sowing. According to theoretical studies, the angle of penetration of the blades into the soil was 28-320.
Keywords
Combined machine, loosening working body, working body blades, soil disintegration step, crushing angle.
Introduction. Much attention is now being paid to improving the farming system and developing new technical means that can increase soil fertility with minimal energy and labor consumption.
The main problem is the preparation of sloping lands for quality sowing and sowing of agricultural crops in optimal agro-technical terms.
Repeated crossing of the cultivated field with the wheels of tractors and machines leads to unnecessary compaction of the soil, resulting in a decrease in crop yields. Such cultivation is not considered to protect the soil and does not meet modern requirements [1].
Method. The crushing angle of the loosening working body blades of the combined machine into the soil was determined by theoretical justification using the theory of wedge and the rules of higher mathematics.
Experimental results. To determine the crushing angle a of the loosening working body blades of the combined machine, we consider the processes of deformation and disintegration of the soil under the action of a two-sided wedge.
It is known from the analysis of the literature and research [2,3] that if we consider the processes of deformation and disintegration of the soil under the influence of two-sided wedge, they are as follows: when the wedge passes from state I to state II (Fig. 1) the soil is first compressed by its working surface, and when the
stresses resulting from it reach a critical value, the soil is broken down along the plane ABB1A1 at an angle ^ to the direction of motion.
Figure 1 - Deformation and disintegration processes under the influence of the working body of the soil
The processes described in the subsequent migration of the pona are repeated in a series of steps S, i.e. the soil is first compacted and then separated by prismatic lumps. This decomposition step S of the soil allows to
7
determine them depending on some parameters.
Assuming that the soil decomposes due to landslides under the influence of the working body, the following expression is obtained to determine the distance S [4]:
S = 2.
к ]
bcos2(a + ft + ft)+ htS
1
ft2 2 у
h cos 1 (ft + ft2 - a)cos ft
q0 (l + KvV) b cos2 — (a + ft + ft2) [cos (a + ft) + cos ft2 ]sin a
2
(1)
where [ik] is the critical resistance to soil displacement, Pa;
b is loosening width, m;
a is the crushing angle of the loosening, degrees;
yi, y2 - angles of external and internal friction of the soil, degrees;
qo - coefficient of volumetric compaction of soil, N/m3;
Kv- coefficient taking into account the change of the coefficient of volumetric compaction of the soil depending on the speed, s/m;
V- speed of movement, m/s;
h is the depth of immersion of the loosening in the soil, m.
(1) It can be seen from the expression that the value of S for a given working condition, depth and speed of processing depends mainly on the angle of entry ofthe working body into the soil. [Tt]=2-104 Pa; yi=30°; y2=40°; qo=107 N/m3 and Kv =0,1 s/m; assumed in Fig. 2 (1) the graphs of the change of distance S depending on the angle a at different values of velocity and machining depth according to the expression.
0,11 S(m) идиа
0.135 0,125 0,115 ОДОЙ
0.0&5
m/C
ЗБ 4D.
jT (jicgTVflj
V-2,5 w/c
20
• li-O.i m
25
30
■ ГI -0,25 w
35 ¿0
a (decree) • h - 0.3 №
a b
Figure 2 - Graphs of change of working speed (a) and depth of preparation for construction (b) depending on the angle a of access to the working body construction S in different conditions from compression to disintegration
It can be seen from these graphs that in both cases the distance S varies in the form of a sunken parabola depending on the angle a, and when a=28-320 it has a minimum value.
Conclusion. Therefore, based on the above, it can be said that in order to decompose the soil with high quality and low energy consumption, the crushing angle of the loosening working body blades to it should be in the range of 28-32°. References
1. Mamotov F.M., Toshtemirov S.Zh. Resource-saving unit for preparing the soil for sowing agricultural crops on the ridges // Materials of the international conference "Scientific potential of the world". - Warsaw, 2013
2. Sineokov G.N., Panov I.M. Theory and calculation of tillage machines. - Moscow: Mechanical Engineering, 1977.- 328 p.
3. Tokhtakoziev A., Imamkulov K. Scientific and technical bases of deformation and disintegration of soil with
low energy consumption. - Tashkent: KOMRON PRESS, 2013. - 120 p.
4. Mamadaliev M.H. Substantiation parameters friablings of the unit for the minimal processing of ground: Abs. of doc. of phil. in enj. diss. - Tashkent. 2010. - 6 p.
© Tovashov R.Kh., 2020
УДК 621.8
В.С. Анацкий
старший помощник руководителя полетами -старший инструктор инструкторской группы (руководства полетами) кафедры теории и методики управления авиацией филиала ВУНЦ ВВС «ВВА»,
г. Челябинск, РФ
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИИ СТРОБОГОЛОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ ВИБРОДИАГНОСТИКИ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ДИЗЕЛЬНОЙ ГЕНЕРАТОРНОЙ УСТАНОВКИ
Аннотация
В статье рассматриваются предложенные стробоголографические методы вибродиагностики дизельной генераторной установки.
Ключевые слова:
метод, стробирование, скважность, дизель генераторная установка, импульс, вибрация.
Применение стробирования лазерного излучения позволяет расширить диапазон амплитуд вибраций, исследуемых с. помощью голографических методов. Эффективность использования стробоголографических методов в значительной мере зависит от способа синхронизации лазерного излучения с фазой исследуемого вибрационного процесса. В связи с этим нами был разработан и реализован универсальный метод синхронизации, обеспечивающий ряд существенных преимуществ
Рассмотрим первый вариант предлагаемой нами методики стробирования с помощью лазера непрерывного излучения. Известно, что при съемке стробоголограмм вибрирующих объектов, контраст полос и время регистрации обуславливаются величиной скважности стробирующих импульсов К [3]. Однако, при изменении частоты вибраций объекта величины К и (р не остаются постоянными
Т 2п пп К = — = —; (р =—
т ат а (!)
где Т - период колебаний; т - длительность стробирующего импульса; п - число периодов колебаний за время регистрации; ю - частота вибраций.
Указанный недостаток можно устранить путем включения и выключения стробирующего затвора в моменты времени, когда величина гармонического сигнала, имеющего постоянную амплитуду и совпадающего по частоте и фазе с вибрацией объекта, достигает заданного уровня h. Тогда с помощью несложных преобразований выражения (1) приводятся в виду:
К =-П-; ^ = (А
arccos к / А э 2 (2)
