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4procedure is not stable - it depends on the type of inference and psychological "brightness" of its form or content features. Procedures are not formal (logical), but also not informal (focused only on content of statements). Progressive development of procedures of constructing deductive reasoning is not natural. Logic education should be considered as the most important tool for transferring normative implementation of logical procedures from the zone of proximal to actual development.
Keywords: logical procedure, inference constructing, formal operation, adolescent, youth DOI:
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE STUDY OF THE PROBLEMS OF MODERN CHILDHOOD FROM THE STANDPOINT OF AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
Tatyana Skudnova
Professor, Department of Psychology, Rostov State Economic University (RINH), Rostov- an-Don, Russia;
e-mail: skudnovatd@yandex.ru
Abstract: The development of transforming modern society, characterized by the processes of global changes, transformation, informatization, digitalization, challenges of uncertainty, responsibility, complexity, and diversity requires rethinking the methodological guidelines and content of psychological and pedagogical education. In the conditions of an "existential crisis", there is a demand for humanoid approaches, innovative strategies and technologies which provide development of future man as an individual, personality and subject of self-development, self-determination and self-realization. The aim of the research: to provide psychological and pedagogical support and individual accompaniment to the socialization and personalization processes of the younger generation in the conditions of digital education. The problem of making a person holistic, multidimensional, self-developing, capable of solving polymodal problems, competent and competitive requires interdisciplinary analysis and synthesis, finding consensus between alternative points of view, ways of thinking, behavior, culture, activity. The response to the challenges posed by the digital world is the need for a systematic revision of goals, meanings, values, tasks and technologies of psychological and pedagogical education in terms of their anthropological modality. It necessitates the development and implementation of anthropological practices and "living knowledge" (V.P. Zinchenko) about a human being capable of making responsible decisions, being competitive, creative, having reflexive abilities, anthropological worldview, and a humanistic personality. The social demand for the development of individuality, innovativeness, and creativity of the subjects of education determined the content of the Center for Interdisciplinary Research "Anthropology of Childhood" in A.P. Chekhov Taganrog Pedagogical Institute (branch) "RSEU (RINH)", implementing areas of work such as: *Psychological and pedagogical support of socialization and individualization of personality, formation of subject position, citizenship and patriotism in the younger generation; * ensuring continuous advanced professional and personal self-development of teachers; * creation of safe developing educational environment in the conditions of digitalization; * development and implementation of anthropocentric educational programs for preschool institutions, schools and institutions of additional education in Taganrog and the Rostov region. Studies of childhood problems from the perspective of interdisciplinarity are aimed at developing innovative approaches to overcome the challenges and risks of digital socialization, improving the inclusive culture of teachers and parents, providing professional and personal self-development of school teachers and university teachers to solve urgent educational and pedagogical problems.
Keywords: digitalization, childhood, individualization, personalization, psychological and pedagogic support, support, anthropotechnologies, self-development
DOI:
DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN'S CRITICAL THINKING (BASED ON ONLINE COURSE "IN SEARCH OF WISDOM")
Dinara Sydygalieva
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Russia; e-mail: satanelka@yandex.ru
Abstract: In modern conditions of ongoing digitalization of education, practical skills of critical thinking are more relevant than ever. Skills of searching and selection of information, analysis and synthesis are necessary part of children's socialization and social integration. Aims: To describe the mechanism of development of critical thinking, based on philosophical instruments used in "In search of wisdom" (1216-year-old children) in the Department of Philosophy, MSU; to teach working with concepts, making definitions, protecting ideas in discussion with other people, searching for weak and strong arguments, basing on principals of logic and debate context. The research is based on data that was collected during the online course in 2021-2022. The teacher becomes a moderator who, through the audience's questions, manages the discussion and draws attention to positions and opinions that can have the most influence on debate's quality and conclusion. The essential opinion exchange is made by students. Use of philosophical instruments during lessons not only corresponds to competence-based approach which focuses on using theory in practical tasks, but also applies pure practice so that it becomes a research experiment in itself. Such teamwork among students has a great innovative capability because of the absence of pressure from the teacher's authority. Self-correction, which takes place during discussion with opinion exchange and cross impact, is an important skill that students develop. They learn to understand that errors are possible and how to find, analyze and correct them. Our research shows that using philosophical instruments has a positive influence on the development of critical thinking skills and contributes to fuller and deeper self-understanding and understanding of the world. Using an online platform allows everybody to be more active during debates.
Keywords: childhood philosophy, pedagogy, philosophy for children
DOI:
PHILOSOPHY FOR CHILDREN IN RUSSIA: ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PROGRAM "TERRITORY OF
THINKING
Ekaterina Trushkina
Head of the Scientific Study-Library of Academician V.V. Ivanov, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: e.trushkina@gmail.com
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