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3КУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЯ
THE WORK OF "THE BOOK OF THEORETICAL PHILOSOPHY" OF HOVSEP (JOSEPH) ARTSAKHETSI ACCORDING TO THE MANUSCRIPT N 2525 OF THE MESROP
MASHTOTS MATENADARAN
Harutyunyan Marine G.
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of History of NAS RA, Associate Professor of Artsakh Mesrop Mashtots University
РАБОТА "КНИГА ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ" ОВСЕПА (ИОСИФА) АРЦАХЕЦКОГО СОГЛАСНО РУКОПИСИ N 2525 МЕСРОПА МАШТОЦА МАТЕНАДАРАНА
Арутюнян Марине Григорьевна
кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Институт истории НАН РА, доцент Арцахского университета имени Месропа Маштоца
Аннотация
Таким образом, в статье представлено описание одной из рукописей одного из выдающихся представителей армянской рукописной культуры - религиозного деятеля, философа Овсепа Арцахецкого (он был архиепископом епархий Шуши и Гандзасар. Он писал в основном в первой половине 19-го века). Он также выполнил свою научную работу в монастыре Святого Иакова Арцаха.
В статье была представлена одна из рукописей Овсепа Арцахецкого - «Книга теоретической философии» написанная в монастыре Святого Иакова (в Арцахе). Оригинал последнего находится в Матенадаране им. Месропа Маштоца. Следует отметить, что эта рукопись была скопирована несколько раз: первая была написана во второй половине XVIII в. Эта работа была скопирована в 1816 году по инициативе архиепископа Иосифа и его ученика. А в 1835 году еще два экземпляра были скопированы автором.
Abstract
Thus, the description of one of the manuscripts of one of the prominent representatives of the Armenian manuscript culture - religious figure, philosopher Hovsep Artsakhetsi was presented in the article (he was the Archbishop of Shushi and Gandzasar Dioceses. He mainly wrote in the first half of the 19th century). He also carried out his scientific work in the Monastery of St. Jacob of Artsakh.
One of the manuscripts of Hovsep Artsakhetsi, "The Book of Theoretical Philosophy" written at St. Jacob's Monastery (in Artsakh) was featured in the article. The original of the latter is in the Matenadaran named after Mesrop Mashtots.
It should be noted that this manuscript has been copied several times; the first was written in the second half of the XVIII century. This work was copied in 1816 by the initiative of Archbishop Joseph and his disciple. And two more copies were copied by the author in 1835.
In the article, we mainly presented the description of the manuscript of Hovsep Artsakhetsi which is currently kept at the Matenadaran under the number 2525.
Key words: monastery, manuscript, Matenadaran, phenomena, movement, time.
Ключевые слова: монастырь, рукопись, Матенадаран, явления, движение, время.
One of the prominent representatives of the Armenian manuscript culture is the religious figure, philosopher Hovsep Artsakhetsi (Ter-Avagyan, he was born in Shushi, the date of birth and the date of death are unknown) who mainly wrote in the first half of the XIX century. He was the Pastor of the dioceses of Shushi and Gandzasar1. In addition to his religious activities, he also engaged in scientific and educational activities. Archimandrite Hovsep taught the Armenian language, theology, logic in various schools of Artsakh (in schools of church, monastery, private). He also
carried out his scientific work in the St. Hakob (Jacob) Monastery of Artsakh. The latter was one of the prominent centers of the art of writing. Here, a number of manuscripts were written and copied by Hovsep Artsakhetsi but only a few of which have reached us. The work of "The Book of Theoretical Philosophy" (^■ftPP mhum^mb ^i^un^mjni.pjm&) is distinguished by its scientific analysis in the manuscript legacy of Hovsep Artsakhetsi the original of which is in the Matenadaran after Mesrop Mashtots. It should be noted that this manuscript has been copied several
1 Brief Armenian Encyclopedia, Vol. 3, Yerevan, 1999, page 409 hшtfшnnm
hшUршq^mшршU, h. 3, Ър., 1999, 409).
times. The latter was written in the second half of the XVIII century2. In 1816 3 the work of "The Book of Theoretical Philosophy" was imitated by the initiative Hovsep Artsakhetsi and his disciple, and in 1835 two copies4 were also imitated by the author.
As we mentioned in the summary, in the article we mainly presented the description of the manuscript of Hovsep Artsakhetsi which is currently kept at the Matenadaran under the number 2525.
MANUSCRIPT N 2525 THE BOOK OF THEORETICAL PHILOSOPHY
Place - Saint Hakob Monastery(in Artsakh), 1816. Writer - Hovsep
Artsakhetsi and his disciple. Pages -183. Material - paper.
Size - 17,5 X 11,2. Writing form - one column.
Letter format - script. Lines - 20 -26. Cover -lining.
Record of the writer - p. 1b. Condition of the
manuscript - satisfactory. Edges of the cover of
the
manuscript - worn out.
Hovsep Artsakhetsi presents the views of prominent philosophers of ancient times on various phenomena of life in his work. He also presents a scientific analysis of ideas of famous Greek philosophers Porphyry and Aristotle. The author presents Porphyry's philosophical definitions on various phenomena of life in the first section of the manuscript.
CONTENTS
1) ABOUT FIVE DEFINITIONS OF
PORPHYRY - Those are gender, type, difference, special and incident 5.
The gender contains different kinds: for example, a person has gender (female, male) and different types of animals also have gender: for example, horse, sheep, buffalo, mule, etc.
The type is one that contains different attributes for each individual: for example, Matthew, Mark, Luke(Ghukas) John are different personalities.
The difference is called the one that shows the difference between different things.
The special is one that shows the essence of different phenomena, shows the difference between humans and animals.
The incident is one that accepts change and shows what has happened ... it can be an orator, a philosopher etc6.
2) ABOUT TEN CATEGORIES OF ARISTOTLE - These are existence, quantity, relation, quality, consideration, carrying, where, when, basis, have 7.
THE EXISTENCE is the result of the influence of other substances, for example, water is a phenomenon caused by other substances. And cold and humidity are considered to be an event from which water emerges. And humanity, animals, horses, sheep, land, water, air, and other existing phenomena came from something8.
ABOUT QUANTITY - The quantity is considered an incident of the spreading phenomenon as the line, surface and length of paper that is spread out evenly over the paper. The line is the length, the surface is the width and the matter is depth.....
The types of quantity: line, surface, matter, number, time, thing, and motion. Some of them are continuous and some are different9.
ABOUT RELATIONSHIP - The relationship is the occurrence between two persons, such as the relationship between a father and a son. The relationship is divided into two categories. The first includes phenomena that are directly related to each other. for example, soul-body, carnal - ghostly, deadly - immortal, dead - alive, creator - creature, great - small, long - short, etc. And the second category includes the private phenomena that exist in the Aristotle categories10.
2 Manuscript N 2828. Place - St. Hakob Monastery, 18th century. Writer - Hovsep Artsakhetsi. Pages - 129. Material - paper. Size - 23 x 17,5. Writing form - One column. Letter format - Italics. Lines - 23. Cover - cardboard. Condition of the handwriting -good.
3 Manuscript N 2525 (this manuscript is described in our article).
4 Manuscript N 2990 - Place - St. Hakob
Monastery, in 1835. Writer - Hovsep Artsakhetsi. Recipient - Archbishop Paghdasar. Miniature painter -Karapet Ter - Hovsepyan. Pages- 123. Material - paper.
Size - 21 X 17. Writing form - One column. Letter format - script. Lines -25. Miniature - semi-altar, frontal
ornament. Cover - leather board stamp (^m2t^mrn
mm^mm^ qp^tfmqmpq). Record of the writer -pages 1a, 27a, 123a. Record of the miniature painter.
Condition of the handwriting - satisfactory. Manuscript N 3619 - Place - St. Hakob Monastery, in 1835. Writer
- Hovsep Artsakhetsi. Pages-203. Material - paper. Size
-18 X 11. Writing form - One column. Letter format -script. Lines - 19- 22. Cover - leather. Record of the writer - page 1a. Condition of the handwriting -satisfactory, half of the pages - damaged. 5Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran (Republic of Armenia), manuscript N 2525, p. 2a. 6Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 2a -2b.
7Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 4a.
8 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 4a.
9 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 4a -4b.
10 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 6a - 6b.
ABOUT QUALITY - The quality shows the differences between different subjects such as hot and cold; some say hot stone, some - cold stone which are very diverse. The types of quality are: ability, delivering something, able, unable, form, type11.
ABOUT CONSIDERATION - The consideration is an incident where one person acts on another object, for example, if the killer kills a person, it means that he acts on the victim12.
ABOUT CARRYING - The carrying means that item carries another action on itself; for example, if something burned out, then the burning object took another action on itself. The modes of action are to stab, break, destroy, kill. That is, it means that one subject is acting on the other13.
WHERE - It means where the object is located: for example, it can be anywhere in the home, outdoors, on land, in the sea, and elsewhere14.
WHEN - It indicates the time of the action of the object. That is, it indicates the time of a situation that may occur in the morning, day, evening, tomorrow, or other months: in January, in February, in March15.
ABOUT BASIS - The basis are caused by various changes: for example, they are the basis for the appearance of tree branches, roots, soil, water, air16.
ABOUT HAVING - The having is a collection of some items, such as weapons, jewelry, and other items17.
3) ABOUT FIVE DEFINITIONS OF PORPHYRY - Those are gender, type, difference, special and incident18.
The Gender is a general term that is divided by types: for example, there are two types of gender of people: male and female. Animals are also classified by gender and species; male and female by gender and animals vary in type; e.g. horse, buffalo, donkey, sheep, etc....19:
The type is a term that classifies nouns: for example, horse, donkey, dog, wolf, etc20.
11 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 7a - 7b.
12 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 9 b.
13 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 10a-10b.
14 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 10b - 11a.
15 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 11a.
16 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p.11b.
17 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 12b.
18 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 14a.
19 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 14a.
20Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525,
p. 14a-14b.
The difference is a common term that classifies many nouns according to adjectives. It also differentiates different types - natural, artificial, etc. The difference mainly concerns the subjects, that is, it shows the difference of the subjects21.
The special is a general term that classifies objects adjectively22.
Incident is a term that classifies creatures by adjective: evil, kind, cunning, virtuous, etc23.
4) ABOUT THE SAME, SIMILAR, COMPARISON, COMPLIANCE 24.
People can have the same personality traits that can be similar to each other. Items, things can be similar to each other: for example, a tree - plum, color-white,
etc25.
Things can be similar but at the same time have different meanings: for example, an eye which can be the human eye and the eye of the ring. Nouns can vary in content and essence: church, shield, etc26.
The comparison is a general term that compares nouns with each other such as birds, eagles, peacocks and animals. Heaven, stars, earth, sea, land and other natural phenomena can be compared27.
The compliance is a type that matches things with one another: for example, white-black, red - dark red, yellow-dark yellow, pure-more pure, sacred, etc28.
5)ABOUT SIMPLE AND SPECIAL TYPES29 -Nouns are special and simple in essence. Special nouns refer to people and all living creatures. Simple nouns refer to objects. Simple nouns are classified adjectively ... And the special nouns separate the common and the private.30.
6) ABOUT SENTENCE31 - A sentence defines a sequence of words and expresses the content of the actions of nouns ; for example, person is rational. In this sentence man is subject, and rational - predicate ... The sentence is divided into material, theoretical, quantitative and qualitative parts ... The sentence is also divided into two types of affirmative and negative. The
21 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 15a.
22 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 15a.
23 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 15b.
24 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 20b.
25 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 20b - 21a.
26 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 21a.
27 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 21b - 22a.
28 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 22a - 22b.
29 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 72a.
30 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 72a -73a.
31 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 77a.
affirmative is that it confirms an event . And the negative type is the one that denies the event ... The sentence by quality is divided into two types; these are false and true. The true sentence is the one that explains the situation as it is. The false sentence is one that presents things in a distorted way. The sentences come in two types: simple and complex. The simple sentence contains a subject, a predicate and a conjunction. The complex sentence consists of several sentences. Complex sentences by type are conditional, causal, interconnected, separate, divided32.
7) ABOUT ILLUSION33- The illusion is a totality of supposed sentences that are classified into true and false types: for example, the voice of a person or anything can be an illusion34.
8) ABOUT COMPLEMENTING OF NOUNS35 - Derivative is the type of a noun: for example, an emotional soul is a noun. And he's person and a rational soul36; this type of sentence is compound because it gives additional information.
9) About the movement37.
10) About the time38.
11) About the circle39.
12) On the border and division40.
13) About the truth - The definition of truth is the following: The truth is equal to the knowledge and a
thing41.
14) About the evil42.
15) About the angel43.
16) On the separated soul44.
17) About a creature45.
The record of the writer 46 - "I wrote this 'Logic' ... by the hand of Archimandrite Joseph and my student (the first part of the work of ' The book of theoretical Philosophy' is called 'Logic'by Hovsep Artsakhetsi)".
LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Brief Armenian Encyclopedia, Vol. 3, Yerevan, 1999, page 409 (-<mj^m^mb hmtfmnnm hmbpmqfrmmpmb, h. 3, bp., 1999, t2 409).
2. Manuscript N 2828. Place - St. Hakob Monastery, 18th century. Writer - Hovsep Artsakhetsi. Pages - 129. Material - paper. Size - 23 x 17,5. Writing form - One column. Letter format - Italics. Lines - 23.
Cover - cardboard. Condition of the handwriting -good.
3. Manuscript N 2525 (this manuscript is described in our article).
4. Manuscript N 2990 - Place - St. Hakob Monastery, in 1835. Writer - Hovsep Artsakhetsi. Recipient - Archbishop Paghdasar. Miniature painter -Karapet Ter - Hovsepyan. Pages- 123. Material - paper. Size - 21 X 17. Writing form - One column. Letter format - script. Lines -25. Miniature - semi-altar, frontal ornament. Cover - leather board stamp (^m2b^mm mm^mm^ qpn2^mqmpq). Record of the writer - pages 1a, 27a, 123a. Record of the miniature painter. Condition of the handwriting - satisfactory. Manuscript N 3619 - Place - St. Hakob Monastery, in 1835. Writer -Hovsep Artsakhetsi. Pages-203. Material - paper. Size -18 X 11. Writing form - One column. Letter format -script. Lines - 19- 22. Cover - leather. Record of the writer - page 1a. Condition of the handwriting -satisfactory, half of the pages - damaged.
5. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran (Republic of Armenia), manuscript N 2525, p. 2a.
6. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 2a -2b.
7. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 4a.
8. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 4a.
9. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 4a -4b.
10. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 6a - 6b.
11. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 7a - 7b.
12. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 9 b.
13. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 10a-10b.
14. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 10b - 11a.
15. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 11a.
16. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p.11b.
32 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 77a -79b.
33 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 102b.
34 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 102b - 103a.
35 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 112b.
36 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 112b -113a.
37 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 116b.
38 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525,
p. 121b.
39 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 127a.
40 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 131a.
41 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 151b.
42 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 156b.
43 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 159b.
44 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 162a.
45 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 180a.
46 Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 1b.
17. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 12b.
18. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 14a.
19. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 14a.
20. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 14a-14b.
21. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 15a.
22. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 15a.
23. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 15b.
24. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 20b.
25. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 20b - 21a.
26. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 21a.
27. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 21b - 22a.
28. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 22a - 22b.
29. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 72a.
30. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 72a -73a.
31. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 77a.
32. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 77a -79b.
33. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 102b.
34. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 102b - 103a.
35. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 112b.
36. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 112b -113a.
37. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 116b.
38. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 121b.
39. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 127a.
40. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 131a.
41. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 151b.
42. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 156b.
43. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 159b.
44. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 162a.
45. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 180a.
46. Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran, manuscript N 2525, p. 1b.
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