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ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРОГРАММНЫХ СРЕДСТВ В ГЕОДЕЗИИ
Оюунцэцэг Даш
Монгольский государственный университет науки и технологии, Горно-инженерный институт, кафедра геодезии и маркшейдерии, Монголия, Улаанбаатар, Бага тойруу, 2-ой корпус МонГУНиТ, зав. кафедрой геодезии и маркшейдерии, профессор, кандидат технических наук, тел. +976-11-452485, моб: +976-11-99172910, e-mail: daovunaa@vahoo.com.
daoyunaa@mu st.edu. mn
Алимаа Жаргалсайхан
Монгольский государственный университет науки и технологии, Горно-инженерный институт, кафедра горной технологии, Монголия, Улаанбаатар, Бага тойруу, 2-ой корпус МонГУНиТ, старший преподаватель, магистр технических наук, тел. +976-11-312485, моб: +976-11-99051803, e-mail: alimaaj @vahoo.com
В геодезии автоматизация необходима в первую очередь, потому что позволяет решать практические задачи самого различного характера с большей эффективностью и производительностью, а также увеличивает скорость выполнения и себестоимость работ по камеральной обработке результатов съемок. Средства автоматизации делятся на два различных класса - первые (специализированные ГИС) позволяют решать широкий круг часто встречающихся практических задач. Вторые же являют собой средства разработки программных продуктов, какими в сущности, являются электронные таблицы, и позволяют создавать средства автоматизации для решения практически любых задач, не имея для этого особых программистских навыков.
В статье рассматривается вопрос об использовании языка программирования Visual Basic в курсе изучения предмета геодезии для студентов МонГУНиТ.
Выполнена работа по исследованию программного метода для 1, 2 и 3D преобразования для преобразования из одной системы в другую, в глобальной системе позицирования. Также рассмотрен вопрос о возможности применения объектноориентированного языка программирования Visual Basic, который интегрирован практически во все продукты серии Microsof Office. Для большинство студентов-геодезистов изучение языка программирования - Visual Basic шло легко, так как этот язык легок для специалистов непрограммистов.
Ключевые слова: преобразование координат, язык программирования, высота
эллипсоида, ортометрическая высота, глобальная система позицирования.
THE USING PROGRAMMING IN FIELD OF GEODESY
Oyuntsetseg Dash
Mongolian University of Science and Technology, School of Mining Engineering, Department of Geodesy and Mine Surveying, Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Baga toiryy, 2nd campus of MUST, Head of the Department of Geodesy and Mine Surveying, Professor, Doctor (Ph.D), tel: +976-11-452485, mob: +976-11-99172910, e-mail: daoyunaa@yahoo.com, daoyunaa@must.edu.mn
Alimaa Jargalsaikhan
Mongolian University of Science and Technology, School of Mining Engineering, Department of Mining Engineering, Ulaanbaatar, Baga toiryy, 2nd campus of MUST, Senior lecturer, Master, tel: +976-11-312485, mob: +976-11-99172910,e-mail: alimaaj @yahoo. com
This paper examines the application of Visual Basic Programming Language to geodetic branch, the merit of Visual Basic as a Programming Language and the difficulties faced when processing geodetic data or by a coordinate transformation process, position of points with known coordinates in one coordinate system is transformed into a different coordinate system , this research paper encourage the uses of Computer Programming methods for the processing of data from GPS and equipment of geodesy and finally style out and develop a reliable solution using Visual Basic programming language to write a program for processing some selected problems of geodesy.
Key words: Coordinate transformations, programming language, ellipsoid height, orthometric height, global positioning system.
Problems to processing of geodetic data
Coordinate transformation is widely used in geodetic application. By a coordinate transformation process, position of points with known coordinates in one coordinate system is transformed into a different coordinate system. The orthometric heights are used for heights in the mapping and engineering projects. The determined heights with GPS are ellipsoidal heights. Therefore, the ellipsoidal heights to orthometric heights conversion problem has emerged.
Nowadays, global positioning system (GPS) is widely used in geodetic studies. Latitude, longitude and ellipsoidal height of points at a global geocentric coordinate system are determined with GPS.In map making and engineering works, however, orthometric heights of points have to be used. In order to directly transform Ellipsoid heights obtained by GPS into orthometric height, it is necessary to know geoid undulations with adequate accuracy. The process of finding provisions of point coordinates in another coordinate system that were given or calculated in a coordinate system is called “coordinate transformation”. As a result of the transformations, there won’t be any changes in the physical places of the points but only the coordinates of the points will be converted from one system into another. The places where the coordinate transformation can be applied are given below:
- The maps that are made in a different coordinate system and re-drawn according to a newly selected system.
- Wrong determination of a selected axis system and related determination of the equivalents in an appropriate system
- In the search of deformation
- In eliminating the differences in Datum
- In Photogrammetry; Coordinate transformation is applied in transition from tool coordinates to image coordinates, from the image coordinates to terrain coordinates or from the pixel coordinates to photo coordinate system
Materials and methods
In this study, will explore programming method for 1, 2 and 3D transformation. In 1D transformation the calculations of geoid undulations will make by using orthogonal polynomials in interpolation with polynomial surface. Polynomial interpolation with the surface is explained by many workers. In 2D transformation coordinates in x, y system (1st system) are transformed into the XY system (2nd
system) by using the transformational parameters calculated by using the known coordinates or enough conjugate point coordinates. Programming of similarity transformation, affine and projective transformations methods were performed in 2D transformation studies which were explained in many studies. Scale factor is considered as a constant for all directions in 7-parameter similarity transformation in 3D. Similarity transformation is preferred because it needs fewer calculations and its mathematical model appears to be more easily applicable.
Selecting the programming language
Most office software has some functions for calculation mathematical formula, but too restricted for processing geodetic data. To demonstrate data import, data management, reclassification, displaying and querying we need a more flexible tool. The most flexible one is a programming language, usable for all problems.
Selecting a language is not a key issue, since quite a few are used by geographers: Visual Basic. The most important aspect of choosing the language is that students should be familiar with it.
Visual Basic is very adapted for our goal, it is easy to learn, and most students of geodesy learned it at undergraduate level. Students, who later can develop and adapts source code, not specialize in informatics or programming will be familiar only with this language.
The advantages of Visual Basic programming language
Visual basic is the most widely use RAD language, (Rapid Application Development (RAD) is the process of rapidly creating an application.
Quite a number of programming languages are text based and text based languages which do not allow user to work directly with graphics but visual basic is a graphical based language which allows user to work directly with graphic.
Graphical based language can be used to develop windows program quickly. Basic gives a disciplined approach to writing programs that are clearer than unstructured programs, easier to test, debug and can be easily modify.
It allows for the creation of powerful and professional looking application with less time and coding. It allows for strong typing i.e. has wide variety of input data types and support Rapid Application Development (RAD).It has a complete edifying and debugging facilities and has the ability to generate a Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL' S), it allows for easier management of document and it is easy to learn.
Visual Basic is a complete form of package for building user interface. Visual Basic is easy to learn for non-programmers specialists.
Conclusion
1. Having stated the transformation method to be used in the geodetic data processing for selected methods, a program written in Visual Basic version 6.0 languages will successfully run in a PC system, with this package, one can slot in any value provided the value falls within the validity of the simulation model of the program.
2. The program will the capability to accept, run, perform, execute and give the final answers to all method adopted for transformation data.
3. A program for transformations method can use for real research, project, and industry also in learning process.
References
1. Edwards C.H. and David E.P. Calculus and Geometry // 1990. - 3rd ed. Prentice-Hall. -Englewood Cliffs. - NJ. - USA.
2. Damdinsuren.A, Altantsetseg.J, Ragchaa.B. Geodesy // 2000. - Ulaanbaatar. - Mongolia.
3. Ronald J.H.; and James, J.R. Calculus with Applications, // 1990. - D.C. Health and Company. - Canada.
4. Lou Tylee. Microsoft Visual Basic. //1998. - Fac. Eng. Arch. - Fourth, revised edition
5. Liddle D. Orthometric height determination by GPS, Surveying Mapping // 1989. - 49. -N1. - 5-16.
© Оwунцэцэг ffarn, Amjuaa ^аргамсамхан, 2013
