CC BY
8ISSN 2223-4047
BecmnuK Maeucmpamypu. 2020. № 4-1 (103)
UDC 378
Z.A. Xushmatova
THE USE OF THE ORAL FOLKLORE - A GENRE OF FOLKLORE IN THE SPIRITUAL AND MORAL UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE
This article deals with the use of the genre offolklore - oral folklore in the spiritual and moral education of children of primary school age.
Key word: genre of folklore, spiritual, moral education, children, primary school.
According to the law of nature, man must go through all the stages of life. That is, he experiences youth, spends his puberty. He must leave offspring. But beyond that, man, unlike animals, must realize his potential as a conscious, thinking being. Man is closely connected with the society in which he lives, with the people around him, with the children who gave birth to him. Consequently, it must also manifest itself as a social being. Only in this way can a person consider himself happy. The dialectic of human happiness as a social being is that a socially competent person is able to place the happiness (i.e., their existence and full development) of his people, his country, his class, his loved ones, and even strangers above his personal happiness and even his life.
Such a rise is the age-old dream, the noble intention, the goal of the working people. This idea is sung in folk pedagogy and folklore. Folklore is one of the sources that played a decisive role in the emergence and development of modern Uzbek pedagogy. To date, no textbook, textbook has been published without a treasure trove of folklore. Folklore works reflect the age-old dreams, experiences, customs, worries and joys of the people. Another important feature of works of folklore is the desire to reveal human experiences in colorful forms.
Uzbek folklore has a rich history of many centuries. Songs, proverbs, riddles, quick sayings, parables, fairy tales, epics are the oldest and most widespread genres of folklore.
Oral folklore has always played an important role in the upbringing of children and their spiritual development. It is noteworthy that, on the one hand, this or that genre reflects the views of our people on child rearing, various aspects of upbringing - physical, mental maturity, moral quality, aesthetic taste, school and vocational education, on the other hand, is also a demonstration of guidelines and tools for enhancing the educational content of the genre. It seems that our people have had a unique system of national education since ancient times.
In every family, in every household, in every tribe, there are parents, grandparents; singing lullaby, folklore, which is the main tool in the education of storytellers, told folklore-songs, riddles, proverbs, fairy tales. Thus the people are not only the power that creates all material wealth, but it is also the only and inexhaustible source of spiritual wealth; the nation was the first philosopher and poet in terms of time, beauty and genius of his creation, and he is the creator of all the great gods, riddles, proverbs, fairy tales, epics on earth, the greatest of which is the history of world culture. We know that the interest in folklore, listening to it, telling it, has passed a unique school of life in the future creativity of contemporary writers. From time immemorial, every work performed by parents, relatives, experts, storytellers and theologians, of course, had a strong positive effect on the little one. It is a key factor in raising the spirituality of the listener. Recognition of morality, etiquette, manners as one of the main goals of human education; to pave the way for the pursuit of justice, exaltation, and spirituality; create opportunities; to be mature in mind, morals, spirituality; creating the perfect man; humanism; to serve the motherland, the people; friendship between people, mutual assistance, a call for assistance are among the leading aspects of folklore.
Children's folklore instills in children the best human qualities - patriotism, love of work, trust in people, loyalty to friends, the ability to cope with and overcome some of the troubles that occur in nature with adults. Of course, all these factors cannot be realized without knowing the mood, taste and character of children.
The lyrical sensations, the poetic plates, which began with the mother's interaction with the child, grow, expand, and divide as the child grows. The process of creating poetry by the mother-creator lullaby is unique - she repeats what she said today on the cradle in pieces tomorrow, adding something from herself and enriching the past today.
Legend has it that in ancient times, an oppressive king walked on the ashes and blew away the ashes of towns and villages. On the way back from the battle, one of the commanders found a baby who had survived among the ruins and brought it to the king. "I had no children, and I will inherit it," said the king. But the baby screamed, and neither the commanders who had won the battles could rub it.
A young woman lying nearby woke up to the sound of a baby crying. They held the baby in her arms. The woman looked at the baby kindly and said alla. The baby calmed down and immediately fell asleep. "What's the secret in this song?" asked the king in astonishment. "The name of this song is alla- lullaby. Only mothers can sing
© Xushmatova Z.A., 2020.
BecmnuK Maeucmpamypu. 2020. № 4-1 (103)
ISSN 2223-4047
it, "she said. So the king honored the woman and the baby and took them home. Then the number of those who spoke alla- lullaby increased in that country as well. The tyrant king came to his senses and began to live in peace.
It is said that the word of lullaby hurts the love in the heart. And their voices are savior. When the mother says lullaby, she also expresses the deepest desires of her heart to this lullaby. Lullaby moves from a woman's heart to her tongue, her love blends and becomes a living passion. The tones are then and poured into the veins of the baby. It is said that the word alla- lullaby is associated with the name of Allah. In ancient times, women wished their children a better future and said, "Believe in your child, God!" who asked for salvation from the Creator. Gradually, this prayer became the word of alla.
Surprisingly, no one can give a definite idea about the history of alla- lullaby, when it was a picture to say it. Perhaps the history of alla goes back a long way, but in any case, it is known that alla was first uttered by a mother for her child.
XUSHMATOVA ZUHRAXONABDULHAPIZOVNA - teacher of secondary school No 16 of Turakurgan district, Namangan, Uzbekistan.
