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Mirsaidova Hilola Mirjalalovna, Assistant of the Department of public health and health management, Tashkent pediatric medical Institute E-mail: [email protected]
THE USE OF MODERN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES INTO DIAGNOSTIC PRACTICE
Abstract: This publication reveals the main advantages of the use of information and communication technologies in the health care system. A brief history of information and communication technologies in medicine. The results of the use of information and communication technologies in the practice of a doctor for early diagnosis and prevention.
Keywords: information and communication technologies, diagnostics, prevention.
A standardized approach to the organization of the health the uniform information space including all interested parties: patients, medical workers, the organizations and bodies of management of health care.
According to the research, unlike doctors and health care providers, patients are more positive about the process of Informatization and are more waiting for radical changes in the application of information and communication technologies in the Internet environment in the field of health care. For patients, new technologies can also greatly facilitate all stages associated with the treatment and visits to medical institutions, and modern gadgets and portals for patients up to 35 years are already an integral part of any sphere of their lives.
There is convincing evidence of more effective public health protection in the application of additional opportunities in the form of ICT [7], with an emphasis on the active participation of the patient in the implementation of this task. The positive experience of clinical use of information technologies worldwide has allowed to transfer medicine to a qualitatively new level, successfully contributing to the reduction of the number of hospitalizations, complications, adverse outcomes, as well as socio-economic benefits and improvement of quality of life [5]. It is proved that the increase in the effectiveness of preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures is achieved through dynamic monitoring of patients in the form of long-term monitoring, control and correction of key parameters of the human body, preventive measures, ensuring the safety of home rehabilitation measures. Taking into account the peculiarities of the disease course can significantly improve the efficiency and safety of decisions [3]. It is noteworthy that the increased accessibility of medical care to patients with disabilities, as well as the overcoming of territorial and temporary barriers between health workers and the population of remote regions lead to clinical and socioeconomic benefits for patients and the state as a whole [1].
A number of large clinical studies [3] have obtained data on the effectiveness of clinical use in certain branches of
care system, aimed at improving the effectiveness of management and diagnostic and treatment solutions in medicine, requires the use of new tools. Information and communication technologies (ICT) occupy leading positions in this field both at the global and local level [4].
The global strategy "Health for all in the twenty-first century", launched by the world health organization (who) in 1998, outlined ways to develop information technologies in medicine:" National and local health information systems are a prerequisite for the development and monitoring of effective, effective and equitable health policies that ensure equitable access" [6].
Currently, information and communication technologies have made a massive transition from certain areas of "hightech" medicine to conventional medical practice.
Information technology in health care is in the processing of medical information, including use as computer hardware and software that provides storage, retrieval, and use of data and knowledge of a medical nature. Information technology in health care is a branch of knowledge of the science of information, its practical application and development of information systems. Informatization is the basis of scientific research and practical applications of computing and communication technologies for health care, health education and biomedical research. The information technology tools in health care include not only computers but also clinical guidelines, formal medical terminologies, information and communication systems, United in the database.
In recent years, the quality of data has become an important issue not only because of their importance in promoting high standards of treatment and care for patients, but also because they have an impact on the public budget, including the cost of health services. It is obvious that the actual problem of modern health care, defining aspect in achievement of efficiency of its branches, is Informatization - creation of
Medical science
medicine of various types of ICT: remote monitoring of the main functional parameters of the body (blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose, etc.), telemedicine counseling, monitoring of rehabilitation measures at home, specialized systems to support medical decisions. All these are options for solving the problems of individual approach to patients, based more on the studied patterns, rather than intuition and experience of the doctor. Remote telemonitoring generally has unlimited possibilities and is also implemented in the control of implantable devices - pacemakers and implantable cardioverters-defibrillators, providing data transmission on the functioning of the system, as well as extensive information about the patient's condition [1].
Statistics show that by 2020 elderly citizens will make up to 25% of the world population [2], i.e. draws attention to the problem of "aging of the population". As people approach retirement age, they enter a period of life associated with a high risk of economically costly and life-threatening chronic diseases. An important component of health control in this case may be the monitoring of physiological parameters of patients related to the prevention and long-term treatment of diseases, as well as the organization of telemedicine Advisory support, which, in turn, promotes closer communication between doctors and patients, developing in the latter a sense of "security" (patient satisfaction with communication with doctors) and increasing compliance [5]. A recent randomized controlled trial on the use of telemedicine in the individual management of elderly patients showed improved control of blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus in regions recognized as "underserved" in new York state (USA) [1]. Taking into account the high percentage of chronic diseases in this group of patients, telemedicine self-service and therapeutic training programs are being implemented in a number of European countries, which help to improve the awareness of patients about the existing disease, to develop the necessary skills and abilities to manage their disease for a long time and actively and to provide dynamic timely control for the prevention of complications [5].
Information support of primary and secondary prevention of diseases and their early diagnosis is becoming increasingly important [6]. A high percentage of the prevalence of cardiovascular disease among young and middle-aged people, including in latent form, and a high risk of cardiovascular com-
plications in them-requires pre-symptomatic diagnosis in this age group in the light of the positions of modern medicine, defined as predictive, personalized and preventive medicine [5]. This fact requires special approaches to the timely diagnosis and correction of the identified risk factors, as well as the initial forms of diseases in patients of these groups. The use of telemedicine, and in particular telemedicine preventive surveillance, has a significant role to play. In the implementation of preventive measures in young people who do not have complaints and therefore do not focus on the state of health, it is important to inform about the significant role of risk factors, understanding the causes of the disease, the initial manifestations of the disease. This again shifts the emphasis towards literacy and therapeutic education for young and middle-aged health and self-control.
All of the above allows us to draw the following conclusions: Turning to the history of the introduction of information technology in the field of health, we see that the Informatization of this area began with the 50 years of the last century abroad. The use of information technology has proved to be very convenient for the health sector, as it requires reliable and timely information. In the post-Soviet space, the beginning of the introduction of information technologies in medicine is celebrated in the 90s of the last century. One example of the significant progress that information technology has made in medicine is the development of electronic medical records. Advances in medicine in recent decades are largely correlated with advances in information technology. Modern information technology allows for faster, more reliable and comprehensive data collection.
Health information technology is an area of it that includes the design, development, creation, use and maintenance of information systems for the health care industry. Currently, different approaches to the classification of information systems used in medicine are used, due to the speed of development and functions performed. A number of authors, considered by us, take as a basis of classifications various signs of medical systems: levels of use, functional purpose, specificity of fields of application, etc.
Automated information systems used by outpatient clinics can improve health care, improve the efficiency of care, reduce errors and improve patient satisfaction, as well as optimize the work of health workers.
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