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46PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
THE ROLE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN TOURISM AND TOURIST DIFFICULTIES AND
RISKS
Kalaganov.O.S.
Master of Arts, teacher of the Department offoreign and Russian languages Karaganda University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan
Akademicheskaya str. 9
Abstract
This article discusses various issues related to problems of tourism international cultural exchange, risks of this activity as part of the economy, as well as the processes that affect the development of intercultural communication. The article reveals the importance of intercultural communication for international tourism activities, as well as describes the main directions in professional tourism education and that difficulties travelers have.
Keywords: cross-cultural communication, travel, risk, advantages, tourist expenses, tourism, English, cultural globalization.
In all ages, tourism has been the most important form of cross-cultural contacts, an effective means of mutual enrichment of different cultures. We can say that the history of humanity is a history of travel. It will remain so in the foreseeable future, in which tourism will play a unique role in strengthening the already existing common cultural fund and deepening the spiritual and moral solidarity of humanity.
Tourism as part of the economy. Today tourism is a growing industry. The benefits of tourism include employment opportunities, service industries, foreign exchange earnings, recreation opportunities, economic growth, cultural exchange, improved international relations, enjoyment, improved health and social well-being.
Cultural contacts have taken place at all times and in all regions of the globe. Interaction between cultures is an integral part and essential component of the cultural and historical process. But the process of their qualitative transformation, transformation into the world, in the sense of global interdependence, began only in modern times. Cultural contacts, while continuing to be an incentive for distinctive national development, have become a factor in the process of world integration, a means of forming a unified system of world relations.[1]
And this trend is quite natural - the process of self-development of cultural systems involves the constant interaction of their constituent structural units. It is possible under the condition of a mutually enriching dialogue of cultural worlds, each of which reveals its semantic depths and uniqueness in the zone of cultural communication.
The specificity of the tourism industry lies in the fact that the product produced is completely or partially intangible, and the effect of the service is assessed by the consumer under conditions of a certain emotional state, depending on a huge number of factors, including such subjective characteristics of the tourist as upbringing, age, cultural traditions of the population, the representative of which is the guest, the concept of comfort, habits, well-being or psychological state at the time of receiving the service, physiological
characteristics of the body, etc. New impressions, a charge of positive emotions, interesting people, beautiful views, broadening one's horizons, it seemed to be great. But travel is indispensable.
First, I want to write about the benefits of tourism. Foreign Currency Earnings: Many tourist destinations attract large numbers of foreign tourists. This helps the country to earn foreign exchange.
Entertainment: Camping makes everyday life easier. Changing the place, social circle, surrounding culture and climate helps the traveler recharge their mind, body and spirit.
Economic growth: tourism helps the country's economy develop. It helps local people to earn their living. Tourists spend lavishly on vacation. The local residents of the cities who are involved in helping tourists make a very good income.
Lastly, this is acquaintance with new people: a new culture helps local residents learn more about the national character of people of another country or region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Human relationships also help build international relations outside of politics.
Disadvantages of tourism include increased costs, labor intensity, environmental risks, loss of architecture and ecological balance, increased waste, damage to wildlife, and disruption to socio-economic and cultural conditions.
The challenge or experience for a tourist is, first of all, to go on vacation to another country without knowing the language. If you do not know the banal check-in at a hotel or a trip to the store, in one word you will start your journey unsuccessfully. You will have to actively gesticulate, draw something, explain for a long time, or even run, jump. If you are a true specialist in tourism, then you must not only be able to decipher all the wishes of the client, take into account financial possibilities, but also make the trip truly unforgettable. The first problem faced by foreigners in Kazakhstan is the low level of English proficiency. From getting medical help (it is very difficult to find a doctor who speaks English), to the usual purchase of train tickets. They are stopped by the police and cannot explain what
they want from a foreign guest - they use gestures. Hotels must speak English, it is not always possible to find an English speaking employee.
Tourism has its advantages, such as the ability to travel and visit different countries, large incomes, which are seasonal. This profession includes not only travel but also personal expenses. Therefore, it is always worth carrying spare cash with you. They can be very helpful in an emergency. For example, if your card is blocked or your wallet is stolen. Money "just in case", of course, should not be carried in a wallet and stored separately from valuable things. But what to do if you were robbed: cut off your bag, pulled out your wallet? First inform the team leader, and then - the police immediately! If documents are stolen, you should contact the consulate - they will help. If bank cards are stolen, urgently call your bank with a request for blocking.
Get travel insurance. Insurance costs very little and can save you in the event of a problem. Everyone is sure that nothing will happen on the trip, but anything can happen, and it is better to be prepared. If you go to a hospital without insurance, you will have to pay a lot more.
I will leave here tips for all cases of various events while traveling (not only while traveling):
- Never ever panic, so that it does not happen, keep calm and a cold mind, act deliberately, without haste. You can handle it.
- If you are not traveling alone, try not to spoil the rest and mood of your loved ones, relatives and simply companions, do not "turn the arrows". What are they to blame? Even so, treat the situation with a bit of humor - it will definitely work!
- Know your rights, anytime, anywhere.
Vacation travel is good for your health. But hectic
travel can be stressful and have the opposite health effects. It can also lead to environmental hazards such as pollution from cigarettes, car exhaust, plastic bags, and disregard for rules and regulations for natural and cultural artifacts. Tourism can be detrimental to socio-cultural characteristics. Local residents humiliate themselves in order to earn more or begin to imitate someone else's culture, a new way of life, and someone else's mores.
Tourism attracts huge spending on a portion of the tourists. Travel expenses include car rentals, hotel and resort rentals, food costs, and so on. This increases a person's overall expenses.
Of course, risk is inherent in any field of human activity, including tourism, which is associated with many conditions and factors that affect the positive outcome of decisions made by people.
For tourists, the most important issue is the responsibility of the tour operator for the full provision and quality of the promised services. Along with the growth in the number of tourist trips, the number of conflicts and claims to the quality and volume of tourist services is steadily growing. But the tour operator and the quality of his work are not the only "source" of risks for tourists. Natural disasters, sudden illnesses, accidents are beyond the control of anyone, therefore, in order to more or less successfully control risks in the
tourism sector, it is necessary to have a systematic understanding of them and possible ways of countering their consequences.
Risks must be classified in order to successfully deal with them. First, you need to divide the risks by their bearers. In tourism, these are the risks of tourists and the risks of travel agencies. Then, for each bearer of risks, it is necessary to organize them according to the classes of objects to which they threaten, the causes of their occurrence, the possibility of influencing the risks.
The risks that a tourist is exposed to while traveling are divided into the following groups:
consumer risk;
risks threatening life and health;
property risks;
risks of civil liability.
The tourist's consumer risk consists in the failure to provide services included in the tour package, or in the provision of services of insufficient quality. For troubles caused to customers, the tour operator is responsible, which is obliged to compensate for the damage. The level of consumer risk depends on many factors:
• average trip duration;
• type of tours (cruise, beach, health, educational, religious, business, event, ecological, extreme, etc.);
• the number of services included in the tour package;
• the nature of the sale of tours (terms of booking and payment);
• seasonality.
Transport is one of the most threatening areas for the life and health of tourists. The carrier is usually responsible for the consequences of transport risks, the boundaries and norms of such liability are established by national legislation, and for international transport -by interstate agreements.
A specific component of property risks is the tourist's financial risk, which consists in monetary losses in case of cancellation of the planned trip and return of the voucher.
Knowledge of a foreign language, especially English, also plays an important role. Knowledge of English is a very important factor for the employees of the tourism industry and for the tourists themselves. If you speak English, you get many benefits:
- communicate with people around the world;
- conducting conversations in international chats and groups;
- the ability to travel around the world;
- the opportunity to learn a lot of new and interesting things about the life and culture of other countries and nations.
Thus, the education of specialists for international tourism activities, contact personnel of the tourism and hospitality industry in the current conditions of globalization cannot be considered effective if it is not based on the principle of interculturality. According to the researchers, the effectiveness of international tourism education based on the principle of interculturality should be associated with the ability, capacity and willingness
of tourism and hospitality professionals, tourism managers not only to ensure sustainable tourism development, sustainable forms and practices of management, but also to create conditions for interaction and mutual understanding between communities, their cultures and heritage . Strengthening the role of foreign languages in the curricula of tourist universities in both quantitative and qualitative indicators will contribute to improving and improving the effectiveness of intercultural communication in the field of international tourism.
References
1. Aleksandrova A.U. Economy and territorial organization of international tourism: textbook. manual-M. - 2016. - 127 p.
2. English language- URL: http://www.eng-lish.language.ru
3. English as an International Language: New Englishes // La Universidad Internacional de La Rioja: website. - URL: http://idio-masunir.com/2012/08/08/englishas-an-international-language-n...
4. https://www.cbi.eu/market-information/tourism/how-manage-risks-tourism
5. www.site64.narod.ru
6. The head of "Tourist assistance" A. Osaulenko "On the summer bankruptcies of tour operators, the state of the industry and new mechanisms for protecting travelers." Russian newspaper№ 110, 03.04.2017. https://rg.ru/2017/04/03/glava-turpomoshchi-kataklizmov-na-rossij sko m-rynketurizma-ne -budet.html.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN
INTERCULTURAL DISCOURSE
Rakymgaliyeva A.D.
2nd-year master's student of the specialty «Training of foreign language teachers», KazUIR&WL named after Ablai Khan Almaty, Kazakhstan
ИНОЯЗЫЧНАЯ КОММУНИКАТИВНАЯ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЯ УЧАЩИХСЯ СРЕДНЕЙ ШКОЛЫ В МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНОМ ДИСКУРСЕ
Ракымгалиева А.Д.
магистрант 2 курса специальности «Подготовка педагогов иностранного языка»
КазУМОиМЯ имени Абылай хана Алматы, Казахстан
Abstract
The article presents the main characteristics of the conditions of harmonious intercultural interaction for the formation of foreign-language communicative competence of high school students. The development of the student's personality, and accordingly, the increase in foreign-language communicative competence, occurs as language activity becomes more complicated, while in the discourse there is an interaction of various types of knowledge and a concept is formed as a combination of all types of special knowledge (from the simplest cultural units to complicated language turns).
Аннотация
В статье представлены основные характеристики условий гармоничного межкультурного взаимодействия для формирования иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции учащихся средней школы.Развитие личности учащегося, и соответственно, повышение иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции происходит по мере усложнения языковой деятельности, при этом в дискурсе происходит взаимодействие различных видов знания и формируется концепт как совокупность всех типов специального знания (от простейших культурологических единиц до усложненных языковых оборотов).
Keywords: Communicative competence, intercultural communication, discourse, integration, information space.
Ключевые слова: Коммуникативная компетенция, межкультурная коммуникация, дискурс, интенция, информационное пространство.
В настоящее время межкультурная коммуникация приобретает особое значение в качестве основного социального механизма взаимодействия различных культур. С расширением информационного пространства сети Интернет, усиливается сфера социально-культурного взаимодействия
представителей различных культур, на основании чего происходит рост академической мобильности пользователей.
В процессе взаимодействия определяются главные константы контрастов в коммуникациях, определяющих содержание общения в зависимости
