5THE REFLECTION OF HEROISM IN THE NOVELS OF ERNEST
HAMINGWAY
Sabina Nurmat kizi Janibekova
Student of Chirchiq state pedagogical university Email address: [email protected] Scientific adviser: Nafisa Raimovna Kobilova
ABSTRACT
Ernest Hemingway, known for his succinct and powerful writing style, often portrayed heroism in a nuanced manner in his novels. In Hemingway's works, heroism is not depicted through conventional acts of valor or grand gestures, but rather through themes of grace under pressure, stoicism in the face of adversity, and a profound sense of moral courage and this article gives some information about them.
Keywords: philosopher, cod hero, fantastic hero, tolerance, adventure, power writing, and stoicism.
ANNOTATSIYA
Lo'nda va ta'sirchan yozuv uslubi bilan mashhur bo'lgan Ernest Xeminguey o'z romanlarida qahramonlikni ko'pincha nozik tarzda tasvirlagan. Xeminguey asarlarida qahramonlik odatiy jasorat yoki buyuk imo-ishoralar orqali tasvirlanmaydi, aksincha, bosim ostida inoyat, musibat qarshisida stoitizm va chuqur ma'naviy jasorat tuyg'usi mavzulari orqali tasvirlanadi va bu maqolada esa ular haqiga gap yuritiladi va bu maqola ular haqida biroz ma'lumot beradi
Kalit so'zlar: murafakkir, kod qahramoni, fanrastik qahramon, chidamlilik, sarguzasht, kuchli yozish va nolimaslik.
INTRODUCTION
Ernest Hemingway, a renowned literary figure, is celebrated for pioneering the "Iceberg Principle" in his writing philosophy. This principle serves as a lens through which Heroism is redefined, offering an unconventional portrayal of heroic figures diverging from traditional archetypes. Hemingway's literary works, spanning novels and short story collections, are imbued with the essence of the Iceberg Principle, inviting readers to delve beneath the surface to uncover the complexities of his characters. Prominent examples such as "In Another Country," "Old Man at the Bridge," and "The Old Man and the Sea" showcase Hemingway's distinctive approach to character portrayal, requiring readers to unearth subtleties for a profound
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
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understanding of human destiny infused with emotional depth. This qualitative and descriptive study delves into the manifestation of Heroism within these narratives, shedding light on Hemingway's multifaceted exploration of the concept. The findings reveal that Hemingway employs five key aspects to delineate his brand of Heroism: age, life's adversities, solitude, resilience, and unwavering composure. Furthermore, tracing the evolution of Hemingway's heroes across the trio of stories elucidates a thematic progression mirroring the author's artistic journey towards literary refinement.
MAIN PART
In the context of Hemingway's literary exploration, a central theme of interest is the portrayal of the Hemingway hero, often colloquially referred to as the "code hero." As Hemingway's novels made their debut, they were met with fervent enthusiasm from the American readership, establishing a profound connection with the zeitgeist of the 1920s. The archetype of the Hemingway hero resonated strongly with readers, encapsulating a response to life that struck a chord with the prevailing sentiments of the era. This study seeks to illuminate Hemingway's heroism through the lens of the traditional hero-quest narrative, examining the character from a heroic perspective. It endeavors to juxtapose Hemingway's heroes against mythological figures on their quest for self-identity, delving into existential reflections on the fundamental truths of existence. In contrast to the romantic hero archetype, Hemingway's heroes embody a distinct sense of human dignity, emphasizing the profound aspect of self-worth intrinsic to their characterization. Within the hunting narrative of Hemingway's pursuit of the "single perfect shot," a shared narrative pattern emerges that transcends individual works, underscoring the enduring significance of the hero's journey as a representation of human complexity and resilience.
The concept of the Code Hero in Hemingway's literary canon is closely intertwined with stoicism, embodying a predominant temperament across many of his works. Often exemplified through characters like Santiago in "The Old Man and the Sea," the Code Hero epitomizes characteristics such as honor, courage, and endurance amidst the trials and tribulations of life. In Hemingway's narrative universe, where violence and chaos reign, the Code Hero adheres to a set of principles that demand honorable behavior even in the face of inevitable defeat. By upholding these ideals, the hero attains a sense of fulfillment, solidifying his masculinity and worth in the process. Referred to as demonstrating "grace under pressure," the Code Hero navigates through life guided by the values of honor, courage, and resilience in the midst of turmoil and suffering. Hemingway's definition
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of the Code Hero encapsulates a portrayal of a man who confronts the chaotic and painful realities of existence with integrity and fortitude, measuring his worth by his adeptness in handling adversity. While acknowledging the inevitability of mortality, the true essence of the Code Hero lies in his response to death, underscoring a belief in the concept of "Nada," signifying nothingness and the absence of an afterlife. Characterized by individualism, self-reliance, and emotional restraint, the Code Hero shuns displays of sentimentality and eschews commitments that may be perceived as weaknesses. Traits such as bravery, a penchant for adventure, and a spirit of wanderlust further define the essence of the Code Hero in Hemingway's literary tapestry.
Paradoxically, the Code Hero may harbor a fear of darkness as it symbolizes the void, the abyss, the concept of nothingness (nada) associated with death. Despite this existential dread, the Code Hero must confront mortality with courage, transcending his fears to affirm his manhood and perseverance in the face of adversity. Imbued with a sense of personal significance amidst life's inherent meaninglessness, the Code Hero, exemplified by figures such as Catherine Barkley, must excel in their endeavors to navigate the existential void. Enduring life's inevitable misfortunes becomes a defining characteristic of the Code Hero, showcasing resilience and fortitude in the midst of challenges. While the Code Hero is destined to succumb to life's struggles, the true measure lies in their response to mortality, with a steadfast embrace of death illuminating the path to a fulfilled existence. The pursuit of death-defying endeavors, such as bullfighting or challenging the elements as a fisherman, serves as a crucible for learning how to truly live. Rituals surrounding death form an integral part of the Code Hero's ethos, providing structure and meaning in the face of life's uncertainties. The embodiment of grace and adherence to ritualistic practices underscore the honor and integrity inherent in the Code Hero's actions, whether in the arena or on the sea. The Hemingway man epitomizes a rugged masculinity, engaging in pursuits deemed adventurous and daring, from hunting to bullfighting. Characterized by a lack of verbosity and a preference for action over discourse, the Code Hero's identity is shaped by deeds rather than words, emphasizing a stoic and pragmatic approach to life's challenges.
The Hemingway hero is tasked with preserving life at all costs, viewing existence as precious, enjoyable, and of paramount importance. Embracing the philosophy that life holds intrinsic value while death signifies nothingness, the hero is compelled to navigate encounters with mortality with grace and courage, as encapsulated by the concept of "grace under pressure."Though the juxtaposition of the Hemingway hero with death may seem paradoxical to casual readers, it
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Chirchik State Pedagogical University Current Issues of Modern Philology and Linguodidactics
Staatliche Pädagogische Universität Chirchik Aktuelle Fragen der modernen Philologie und Linguodidaktik
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underscores a deeper thematic exploration. The hero's readiness to confront death stems from a profound understanding of its finality, instilling a pragmatic approach to avoiding its grasp while maintaining a brave demeanor in its presence. While acknowledging the fear of death, the Hemingway man is resolute and unflinching, never succumbing to cowardice or displaying overt signs of trepidation. The hero's capacity to resist the specter of death and embrace life's intensity is a testament to his resilience and inner fortitude. Confronting mortal danger serves as a crucible through which the hero's true essence is revealed, unveiling his latent strengths and potentialities. Only in the face of peril can the hero truly ascertain his character and demonstrate his mettle, transcending fear to embody the ethos of the quintessential Hemingway man.
The Hemingway protagonist experiences myriad trials and tribulations, enduring numerous challenges before life becomes overwhelmingly arduous. This character, continually confronted by the complexities of existence, grapples with both the relentless demands of life and an unyielding struggle against deep-seated fears that resist resolution. In Hemingway's inaugural novel, "The Sun Also Rises," the protagonist, Jake Barnes, embodies the overarching theme drawn from Ecclesiastes, reflecting on the futility of human endeavors in the face of existential questions. Set against the backdrop of expatriate life in Paris during the 1920s, Jake Barnes symbolizes the disenchantment and aimlessness pervasive among the "lost generation," a group of individuals adrift in a world without clear purpose. Emasculated by war wounds that crystallize his inner turmoil, Jake finds himself ensnared in a hopeless love for Brett Ashley, their romance stifled by circumstances beyond their control. The novel unfolds as a poignant exploration of disillusionment and unfulfilled aspirations, emphasizing the cyclical nature of human endeavor and the inherent sense of futility that pervades their existence. A Roman Catholic, Jake's spiritual inclination is encapsulated in a poignant passage as he enters the Cathedral, underscoring a moment of contemplation and introspection in the face of life's uncertainties.
CONCLUSION
The Hemingway hero embodies a philosophy shaped by his perception of mortality, where confronting death compels him to seize life's opportunities fully, extracting utmost enjoyment from every moment. This hero refrains from verbalizing his beliefs, displaying steadfast loyalty to a select few as he eschews abstract notions. Defined by reticence and a reluctance to engage in lengthy discourse, he communicates through deeds rather than words, epitomizing a persona rooted in
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action rather than contemplation. Dismissing introspection, the Hemingway man champions a life guided by a distinct ideal of living authentically and purposefully.
REFERENCES
1. Ernest Hemingway: (1925) In Our Time, New York: Boni and Livertight; (1926) The Sun Also
2. Shams ishtyaque. The novels of Ernest Hemingway A Critical Study: New Delhi, Atlantic Publication and Distributors, 2002.
3. Leicester Hemingway: (1962) My Brother Ernest Hemingway, Cleveland: World.
4. Debata, P, K. & Phil, M. (2013). Theme of heroism in Hemingway's the old man and the sea. Language in India, 13, 367-377
5. Samad, A. (2022). Hemingway's the Killers: A counter-narrative of the title and code hero. Pakistan Social Sciences Review, 6(2), 1125-1132.
6. https : //www.rjisaci ournal .com/heroism-is-a-favorite-characteristic-in-ernest-hemingways-works-a-study/
7. https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/iusr/article/download/721/1390/709
8. https://oapub.org/edu/index.php/eies/article/download/4702/7337
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