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71. To provide scientific basis for accurate prevention Theory of preventive treatment is an important principle of TCM. The basic principles include prevention before disease onset, disease prevention, preventing disease from exacerbating and prevention of disease repetition defense complex. It would be effective to combine traditional medicine with modern technology that assists in finding the representative biomarkers of disease according to the occurrence and development of disease before or after the lesion. Then, scientific prevention or early intervention can be done to achieve health prevention, control and accurate prevention. Chinmedomics utilizes modern analysis technology and multi component analysis methods to practice systematic study of the trajectory of the occurrence and development of a disease Therefore, the most representative biomarkers can be found and identified, which provides scientific basis for the realization of precise prevention. For example, typical Jaundice syndrome (JS) in patients with liver disease can't be early predicted by conventional method. In contrast, the application of new technology combined with multivariate data analysis methods based on Chinmedomics identified 44 markers contributed on JS and characterize JS progression. [5]
2. To provide the basis for precision therapy Both "differentiation thinking different treatments for same disease" and "same treatment for different diseases" are the treatment of TCM syndrome and the embodiment of the traditional theory of syndrome differentiation, which highlights the advantages of Chinese medicine treatment. The traditional syndrome differentiation is to grasp the essence of the disease from the macroscopic point of view, and to carry out the individualized treatment according to the difference of pathogenesis. Chinmedomics clarifies active substances related to clinical effect by the study on the overall efficacy and material basis for the efficacy of Chinese medicine formula and pharmacodynamic material basis, which provides an effective way to evaluate the effectiveness of TCM. For example, the methods based on Chinmedomics took insight into the metabolic mechanism of scoparone existing in Yinchenhao (Artemisia capillaris Thunb.) on biomarkers for inhibiting Yanghuang syndrome. [6]
PM reflects the people-oriented concept of medical care, colleagues have been speculating about how to apply TCM accurately in the process of individual treatment during clinical practice. Chinmedomics is an important part in the big data era of PM. In the development of TCM accurate treatment, Chinmedomics can play an active role in accurate prevention of disease prediction, diagnosis of "precision therapy" and precise formula to help establish the precise Chinese medical model.
References:
[1] ZHENG Y, QING J, SONG Y, et al. Standardization efforts enabling next-generation sequencing and microarray based biomarkers for precision medicine [J]. Biomarker Med, 2015, 9(11):1265- 1272.
[2] Zhou Y M, Chen Lin, Bo Lin et al. Individualized treatment of Chinese medicine and precision medical treatment,Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2016,57,(12):1073~1077.
[3] Wang X J, Zhang A H, Sun H, et al. Chinmedomics :Newer theory and application. Chinese Herbal Medicines, 2016, 8(4):299-307
[4] Zhang A H, Sun H, Yan g, et al. The effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine based evaluation and pharmacodynamics discovery technology. [J]. World science and the modernization of Chinese medicine, 2016, 18 (5): 719-723.
[5] Wang X, Zhang A, Han Y, et al. Urine metabolomics analysis for biomarker discovery and detection of jaundice syndrome in patients with liver disease. Mol Cell Proteomics, 2012, 11(8):370-380.
[6] Fang H, Zhang A, Yu J, et al. Insight into the metabolic mechanism of scoparone on biomarkers for inhibiting Yanghuang syndrome. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 37519.
THE PROGRESS OF VIRAL MYOCARDITIS ON TREATMENT OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE
AND WESTERN MEDICINE
Hongwei Song, GuangLi Yan, Hui Shi, Xijun Wang*
Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China. E-mail:
Abstract Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a kind of limit or diffusivity inflammation of cardiomyopathies related to viral infection, which is one of the diseases that seriously affect people's quality of life.This paper summarized the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and the progress of Chinese and Western medicine treatment recent years,by comparing the different methods and clinical efficacy of them, highlighting the current advantages and interpret the theoretical basis of Chinese herbal medicines treatment of VMC, in order to provide a reference on preventing and curing VMC and improving the quality of patients with myocarditis.Meanwhile,it also lays the foundation for promoting the modernization and internationalization of Chinese herbal medicines, and finding the possible therapeutic basis of Chinese medicine.
Key words: Viral myocarditis, Chinese and Western treatment, Syndrome Differentiation, Chinmedomics
The concept and mechanism of VMC VMC is an acute and chronic inflammatory reaction caused by viral infection, which occurs in young adults[1]. There are about 30 pathogenic viruses of VMC, of which Coxsackie virus (CVB) is the most common[2], Myocardial cells are infected after a week, autoimmune, cellular immunity and humoral immune response mediated cardiomyocyte damage will mainly destroy the body,and manifest as a wider range of myocardial necrosis and interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration, and then cause myocardial cell apoptosis[3].
Western and TCM treatment of VMC Cull[4]demonstrated the role of interferon in the treatment of
myocarditis, and the experiments show that interferon I transgene expression can alter the cytotoxicity of cytomegalovirus infection. At present, 1,6 diphosphate fructose and antioxidant vitamin C and energy mixture in the treatment of VMC is also more common, and the effect is also recognized[5].
VMC is a modern medical term, according to its different clinical symptoms can be attributed to the motherland medicine "palpitations" "palpitation" "chest" and "virtual" and other areas. The national standard "Chinese medicine clinical diagnosis and treatment terminology" named it as "heart attack". Qing Lin[6] divided the disease into 4 types: toxic heat ,pathogenic factor demage the heart-yin,Deficiency of Qi and YIN, Deficiency of Yin and Yang. Zhigancao Decoction which comes from the"Treatise on Febrile Diseases". It is commonly used in the treatment of VMC in clinic and held a hight cure rate. Animal experimental studies have shown that, it can effectively inhibit the myocardium inflammation and connective tissue proliferation of the mice infected with CVB3[7].
Thinking and Prospect Recently, compared with modern medicine treatment on symptomatic, TCM has got remarkable achievements.However, prescription is a complex giant system and it is not clear that the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of VMC. As early as the beginning of twentieth Century, Xijun Wang[8] has put forward the concept and systematic method of "Chinmedomics", which has being perfected and achieved great breakthrough after many years of practice. Wang's team is currently working on VMC . It is believed that in the near future, the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of VMC will be clarified, and explore the pharmacological basis of the prescription for it, so that, the Traditional Chinese Medicine can be more accepted by the world and promoted to be internationalization and modernization.
Reference
1.Chen H Z, Fan W H, Jin X J, et al. [Changing trends of etiologic characteristics of cardiovascular diseases among inpatients in Shanghai: a retrospective observational study from 1948 to l999].[J]. Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine, 2003, 42(12):829.
2.Tavares P S, Jr R A R, Leitemoreira A F. Innate immune receptor activation in viral myocarditis: pathophysiologic implications^]. Revista portuguesa de cardiologia : orgao oficial da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia = Portuguese journaTof cardiology : an official journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, 2010, 29(1):57.
3.Liu X D, Zhao Y J, Zhao J Q, et al. Clinical Study for Treatment of Viral Myocarditis with Large-dose Shenmai Injection in Chil-dren[J]. Journal of Weifang Medical College, 2002.
4.Cull VS, Bartlett EJ, James CM. Type I interferon gene therapy protects against cytomegalovirus-induced myocarditis.[J]. Immunology, 2002, 106(3):428-37.
5.Quan-Li L I, Dou P F. The Progress of Viral Myocarditis about Conbined Treatment of traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine[J]. Medical Recapitulate, 2006.
6.Qing Lin. The therapeutic effect of the new formulation of K-CoxB-JN compound of myocardial injury in mice infected with CVB3[J]. Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research, 2013, 24(5):1341-1344.
7.Wang Y, Cardiology DO. Clinical Observation on Zhigancao Decoction Granules in Treatment of Heart Yang Deficiency Viral Myo-carditis[J]. China & Foreign Medical Treatment, 2015.
8.Wang X, Zhang A, Sun H. Chinmedomics[M]. 2015.
RESEARCH PROGRESS OF THE VIRAL MYOCARDITIS PATHOGENESIS IN RECENT YEARS
Hui Shi, Guangli Yan, Hongwei Song, Hui Sun, Aihua Zhang, Xijun Wang*
Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of TCM State Administration, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China.
E-mail:[email protected].
Abstract Viral myocarditis is the focal or diffuse myocardial cell degeneration and necrosis, accompanied inflammatory cell infiltration by virus, which leads to the myocardial injury, cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmia. Most patients can recover, but some patients will develop chronic inflammation or dilated cardiomyopathy. Review the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis has not been fully elucidated; the direct effects of the virus and the immune response of the body are the main pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. This review summarizes the current progress about the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis in direct damage of the virus, immune response and so on.
Key words Viral myocarditis; Pathogenesis; Virus; Immune response; Dilated cardiomyopathy.
Introduction Myocarditis is common cause for inflammatory heart diseases. There are three distinct phases in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. The first stage is the replication phase of the virus and its direct damage to the cardiomyocytes [1]. The second phases, myocardial injury induced by immune response [2]. The third stage is dilated cardiomyopathy [3]. This paper reviews the research progress on the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis.
Virus The viruses which cause myocarditis have Coxsackie viruses B (CVB) [4], human herpes virus 6 and parvovirus B19 and so on [5-6]. The virus enters the cardiac myocardial cell, in a short period of time to inhibit the physiological functions of cells, leading to cell rupture caused by increased cell membrane permeability. Direct destruction of cardiomyopathy occurs by virus mediated lysis, causing degradation of cell structures, which in turn facilitates entry of the virus into the cells with consequential myocyte injury and cardiac dilatation. This initial
