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ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ
UDC 316.36
Shadinova G.A.
Candidate of Philosophy, Associate Professor International Kazakh-Turkish University H.A. Yasawi
Turkestan, Kazakhstan
Aknazarova R.J.
Master Lecturer
International Kazakh-Turkish University H.A. Yasawi
Turkestan, Kazakhstan THE PROBLEM OF THE MODERN KAZAKHSTAN WOMAN:
SELECTION BETWEEN FAMILY AND CAREER Annotation: This article examines the problem of modern Kazakhstan women: the choice between family and career. A modern woman strives to combine all her roles, maintain an optimal balance between caring for the family and working life. It is necessary to understand that the safety of the family is the joint work of the woman and the man. At the same time, the family is the basis of spiritual and moral development.
Key words: woman, family, career, work, work, children, care, society.
The woman is the keeper of the hearth. The main role of women in the family is to store the hearth. Family and family relationships are very important in the life of any woman. The prevailing traditions determined the definition of the modern role that a woman plays in the family. The guardian of the hearth is not only taking care of the house, order, food ... this is, first of all, creating a harmonious psycho-emotional atmosphere in the family, which goes far beyond the prosaic role of the housewife [1]. Every woman, wife, has her own thoughts on how to become truly happy. Therefore, your life priorities need to be set in your head even before the beginning of family life. For some, family comes first, for others a career. But if a woman is happy, then she does absolutely everything. A woman is of course, first of all, a good wife and a caring mother, because this is her main purpose. A woman, as a hostess, will always cook and set the table deliciously, will receive guests in a clean and well-groomed house, in which cosiness and harmony are felt. But this is not her duties or as if she should, this is her internal state. A woman should not forget about her dreams, and not give herself the opportunity to be realized not only as a mother and wife, but also as a person [2].
Considering an Islamic family, a woman, first of all, is the righteous wife of her husband and the keeper of the hearth. Allah Almighty said: «One of His signs is that He created a spouse for you from you, so that you can find support for yourself, rest and peace of mind in each other». This is the true sign for people who think and respond [ 3]. «Women's participation in public life can be limited only by moral standards and women's responsibility for maternal responsibilities. It is important to
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emphasize that in Muslim society special attention was paid to the education and nobility of women, on whom they depended um the moral and intellectual health of future generations [4]».
«In Europe, many women believe that the more uneducated a woman is, the more she fills this void with the birth of a new child, and thus justifies her existence. Whereas in Europe, the higher the status of women, the less likely they are to be a mother. Between career and motherhood, women are forced to choose a career. «Higher education is the best contraceptive», jokingly bitterly in Germany, further for many women, the conscious refusal to give birth to a (second) child is a reaction to gender asymmetry in status positions. Being a mother is honored only among relatives, but not among professionals. If your suit was badly sewn or appendicitis was unsuccessfully cut out, you will not say about this dressmaker or surgeon: «But she is a beautiful mother, and he is the father of four children». In the field of professions, social achievements, the price of motherhood is hardly commensurate with the price of skill, leadership in their work, and power. «Famous people are judged primarily by their deeds, not by their children». «What is actually more valuable for a woman? Islam considers a woman primarily as a wife and mother, but at the same time, there is no prohibition on public work anywhere in the Qur'an and Sunnah [5]».
Islam respects the right of women to work - constructive labor, for the benefit of the family and society. However, one should not conclude that the role of a woman is limited to her home, family and household. It's just that this is the natural element of the application of her innate abilities and the manifestation of female nature. If desired, a Muslim woman, with the consent of her husband or relative, who is responsible to Allah for the preservation of her honor and morality, can engage in her own business or participate in the public and political life of society. Indeed, in the end, no matter what a woman is doing outside the home, she cannot (unlike men) «go headlong» into work, completely distract from thoughts about the family and her loved ones. The house with which it is bound by the strongest ties objectively continues to remain "on it". So is it worth being torn to pieces? That is why most Muslim women make a voluntary choice in favor of their originally female business - to devote life to their loved ones, relatives. A prerequisite is the provision of educational opportunities, both in the spiritual and in the material sphere.
Women have equal rights with men, but at the same time they have more responsibilities: in addition to work, they have a serious responsibility for the upbringing and health of their families and, above all, children. And therefore, the undesirable consequences of women's employment at work outside the home happen:
1. Large crowding, stampede and related daily transportation problems, adversely affect the external and internal, spiritual condition of women.
2. Excessive employment at work distracts a woman from housekeeping and raising children. A man wants to see in a woman not a production leader, but a beloved woman and a kind, caring mother of his children.
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3. We see that children who are deprived of maternal care and affection, which is especially noticeable in Western countries, who are actually thrown out on the streets, join the ranks of socially dangerous criminals.
4. Sometimes unfortunate mothers, for fear of losing their job, are forced to leave their young children alone unattended, and irreparable troubles often happen. Is it rare today to hear or read about fires that claimed the lives of small children or other accidents caused by the fault of such mothers?
5. Women, rushing for imaginary freedom, removing men from work, took on an unbearable burden. The economic crisis entailed a spiritual crisis. Muslim families, which were once a hotbed of love and warmth, are falling apart before our eyes [6].
According to experts, the position of women in society reveals the actual degree of civilization and morality of society. No country can develop harmoniously, approaching a higher state, if the role of a woman is belittled in it and the ratio of two complementary principles - male and female - is not balanced. Today, Kazakhstan is a secular, rapidly developing independent state. The government of the country provides citizens with freedom of conscience and conditions for full development regardless of gender, ethnicity or religious affiliation. The task of civil society is to resist attempts to impose any norms and requirements that are contrary to our centuries-old traditions and the legislation of the country [7].
President of the country of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev in the Strategy «Kazakhstan-2050» emphasized that «a woman is the support of the family, which means - the support of the state». A girl, a woman has always been an equal member of our society, and her mother is his most respected person [8].
Kazakhstani women are actively involved in society and work at the country's enterprises, the level of their economic activity in 2003 was 65%. Women became more oriented toward career and economic independence after the shock of the early 90s, when the number of divorces and women abandoned by husbands sharply increased. High employment of women in itself is not an obstacle for them in deciding to have children, but in Kazakhstan there is a problem of the actual vulnerability of women working in small enterprises and self-employed, if necessary, on maternity leave and financial support during the antenatal and postpartum periods. Everyone knows the economic consequences of reducing fertility - this is a decrease in labor resources, the social consequences are the aging of the nation and increased demands on the social security and medical care system.
Thus, the individuality and originality of a contemporary has developed historically. And if today, we can meet countries where women are closed only within the family, or on the contrary, they are estranged from family traditions and femininity, then Kazakhstan is the «golden mean». Here, women successfully realize themselves in work, creativity, sports, science. And at the same time, they remain the guardians of the hearth and kind mothers, preserving in their image the modest spirituality of the majestic mountains and the independence of the free steppe.
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References:
1. The role of women in the family http://glamius.ru/rol-zhenshhiny-v-seme
2. The role of a woman in the family and home. Http://www.vsedeti-ok.ru/rol-zhenshhiny-v-semye/
3. Kuliev E. The Qur'an. - Almaty: Albarakat, 2011. - 324 p.
4. The role of the Kazakh woman within the religious tradition // http://www.kazreligiya.kz/?p=1972
5. Chodorou N. Reproduction of motherhood: Psychoanalysis and sociology of gender. - Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2006. - 284 p.
6. Features of the position of women in Islam//http://www.school-science.ru/2017/5/26934
7. The role and image of a woman in a Kazakh society//http// arshaly.akmo.gov.kz/page/read
8. Nazarbayev N.A. Strategy "Kazakhstan-2050" Message from the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan - Leader of the nation N.A. Nazarbayev to the people of Kazakhstan // Kazakhstanskaya Pravda. - 12/15/2012
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