CC BY
37
THE PEDAGOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF SENSORY PERCEPTION AND SENSES IN THE COURSE OF PREPARING CHILDREN FOR SCHOOL
M. N. Azamova
The article deals with issues of perception and development of the sensory sphere of children of preschool age when preparing them for school; the article has several provisions from the research work of psychologists and teachers studying mental development of children, in particular, in the context of development of ideas about objects of the world around them, and development of language skills. The author underlines the link between perception and sensations of a child and the enrichment of his/her language, and activation of cognitive activities.
Key word: preschool education, sensory perception, senses, ideas, objects of the surrounding world, language development, cognitive activities, preparation for school.
At the present stage, the process of pre-school education has been updated radically with the introduction of new educational technologies based on Montessori methods. Pre-school education is enriched by new ideas and experience, the essence of which is that the scope of feelings and sensations must play a leading role in the comprehensive development of a child and, in particular, in speech development.
Cognitive activity of a child is directly related to his/her ability to discover the specific features of the surrounding objects: form, color, texture. Children learn the phenomena of nature, flora and fauna through their feelings and perceptions. By understanding the features of things and objects, children perceive and memorize the words denoting them, thus, developing their speech is a factor that plays a special role in preparing children for school. Such properties of objects as color, shape, size, and spatial distribution are perceived by children through the organ of vision. They start to develop concrete ideas - images, and thus, their lexical database is also being developed. As for other realities - birds singing, the sound of music, the voices of people - they are perceived using the organ of hearing. A number of configurations appear in a child’s mind, such as the definitions of loud, quiet, calm, and gentle. The organ of touch are used for perceiving qualities: hard, soft, heavy, light, cold, hot, etc. Pre-school preparation of children provides for the development of their speech, and the formation of ideas in the process of joint activities. The development of a child's speech is an intellectual and thinking process that is associated with the accumulation of vocabulary, mastering techniques for constructing sentences, and the ability to express them. This process involves sensations, feelings, perception, memory, imagination, and thinking. The main thing is that this process is present in everyday life and in children’s activities.
Provided that the sensual sphere of children is constantly evolving, their ideas about the realities of the world are also expanding, which means that at the stage of pre-school education, children are preparing for training activities within the school.
81
Development of the sensory perception and feelings of children is an essential component of the educational process. It is necessary to take into account a number of factors affecting the development of children’s sensory perception in their pre-school training, including: (a) reliance on sensory perception available in the process of development; (b) activation of words that contribute to increasing their ideas about the objective reality in their speech.
From the psychological point of view, the development of children of preschool age has its own specific features at each different stage of development. Therefore, in the course of organizing training activities for the purpose of preparation of children for school, it is necessary to take into account the age and individual qualities of children, and to develop the content of training sessions on the basis of the above, focusing on the development of speech and cognitive activity of pupils. According to N. Podiakov and V. Avanesov, children’s sensory perception largely contributes to their mental development and the formation of their speech skills. The educational process at preschool educational institutions should be focused on the development of children’s abilities to careful study and become familiar with the objects of real life around them. As a result, speech and cognitive activities of children will be continuously developed.
Bibliography
Аскарова М., Матчонов С. ва б. Кичик ёшдаги болалар нуткини устириш. - Тошкент: “Узбекистан”, 2001. - 160 б.
Исмоилова Р. Идрок жараёни - етакчи омил: 6-7 ёшли болаларга тарбия. “Бошлангич таълим” журнали, 1999. - № 3. - 36-37 б.
Нуримбекова Ё. Олти ёшли болаларда рукий жикатлар // “Бошлангич таълим” журнали -1999. - № 3. - 14-15 б. __
Юсупова П. Мактабгача тарбия педагогикаси. - Т.: “Укитувчи”, 1993. - 264 б.
Якобсон П. М. Психология чувств и эмоций / П.М. Якобсон. - М.: Институт практической психологии, 1998. - 303 с.
Translated from Russian by Znanije Central Translastions Bureas
82
