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3. Гостева С.Р. Наука об управлении государством /С.Р. Гостева// Вестник Тамбовского университета.- 2013.- N2.- С.203-212.
УДК 33 338
Батырова Н. Т., к.э.н.
доцент
Международный казахско-турецкий университет имени Х.А.Ясави
Казахстан, г. Туркестан Batyrova N. Assistant professor International Kazakh-Turkish University named H.A. Yassavi
Kazakhstan, Turkestan THE OPTIMAL MECHANISMS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF KAZAKHSTAN
Abstract. The main objective of sustainable economic development is not only to become one of the highly developed countries, but also to create a society that provides equal rights to all people, respects freedom of each person and all kinds of his labor. On the various stages of society development, different economists have presented several views on this problem. Hence, the main objective of this article is to study the issue and to show modern ways of development. The following scientific and methodological conclusions are taken to determine the scientific novelty of the article:
- Theoretical improvement for further development of a sustainable economic development concept;
- The system of financial relations development governing the activities of the local administration was offered by defining sustainability indicators;
Keywords. sustainable economy, economic mechanisms, market, human resources, sustainability and competitiveness.
Introduce
In the global progress conditions, economic stabilization process in accordance with the market laws develops by means of control mechanisms of the economic categories. The construction of a unified harmonious system after creating necessary conditions for their free, effective functioning in the process of market reforms affect the active formation of the new economics under the market laws instead of the old economic mechanisms. However, settlement under their legal fundamentals and adduction in conformity with each other take a lot of time.
Herman Daly, dean of the ecological economics, states that sustainable economic condition is determined while the economic mechanisms are not fully coordinated with each other and find no legislative mechanisms; they cannot perform its functions effectively9. Thus, the functions performed by the economic categories in regions cannot be the bases for eliminating deficiencies resulting from the implementation of evaluation indicators.
9 Daly, Herman. 1991. Steady-State Economics. Island Press, Washington, DC. 286pp.
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M.Kazhyken concludes that the emergence of sustainable development issue is the result of the contribution of the world community development in the same direction on planetary scales 10.
The level of regional development in some areas, regions and municipalities are directly connected to their territorial features. Some of them are rich in natural resources, financial capital and sufficient human resources, while others suffer an acute lack of resources and opportunities, so they seek help at the center. Thus, the economy of market relations directs every region, the district and the city to use their own development opportunities by increasing their responsibility. In this regard, we dare say that the main tasks at the moment are: to create linkages for effective use of local financial resources, to provide loans, investments and government funding, the development of production, to improve the quality and quantity of social services, etc.
Methods and approaches
For a comparative evaluation of sustainable socio-economic development of each district, the city and the area, it is necessary to set, sum up and group the average growth (reduction) intensity of several statistical indicators. A socioeconomic sustainability (unsustainability) of a region is calculated by intensity ratio of all socio-economic development indicators of the region or the area to the number of population living there.
For example, to set the sustainable growth rate of districts and cities of a specific area, we find the overall growth intensity by comparing figures of the last three years with earlier ones, and after finding, we divide it by the number of population. The task of finding this ratio is to set sustainability (unsustainability) measure of each district and the city. Through finding the overall growth intensity within the certain region, we compare each area and region. It should be noted that we have used seven statistical indicators, but it is possible to use more or less, however all figures should be the same for all districts and cities of the certain area.
For the comparative evaluation results of socio- economic development of each region, we propose a general formula for all of them:
APP ± A ± A ± A ± A ± A ± A s ou p(l) rt ar w br
BR= Pn ; (1);
sd
BR
where: se - a balance rate of the total regional socio-economic sustainable development;
APP
s - The amount of growth (decrease ) in the number of products and
10 Kazhyken M. Sustainable Socio- Economic System ( To decade of sustainable development ) / / Transitional Economy. -2001 , # 3 . - S. 11-14 .
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services °u - The relative volatility of investment of fixed assets, the amount; A
rt - The relative volatility of the retail trade, the amount;
A
ar - Average account volatility of excess of accounts receivable over the accounts payable, the amount;
A
) -- Changeable amount of profits and losses in comparison with the previous years ;
A
w - - Changeable amount of wage funds compared with previous years;
A
br - The relative volatility of all budget revenues
Pn - the number of people living in indicated years. Conclusions
Using the proposed methodical formula, we give evaluation results of socio -economic development analysis of each region and determine their average development level. For example:
sd
BR
se =
_ 2041,4 + 7177,8 +1966,8 + 4008,9 + 5207,2 + 3444,5 + 5294,2 + 5291,1 + 7589 + 8514,5 _ = 660 = 50534,6
■ = 76567,5thousandtenge
660
Thus, over the last three years in Zhambyl region, the growth rate of the socio-economic development per a person amounted to 7657.5 thousand tenge, but if we consider that this figure is the balance of development in the areas where it is lower, we can come to the conclusion that social and economic development is lower, where this figure is above, we dare say that sustainability has already been formed.
This method of analysis is not only used to ensure further sustainable growth in the developed regions, but also to make effective decisions to improve the situation in lagging regions. Thus, this expert technique can be used for withdrawing the economy and social sphere from unsustainability and for their evaluation in a period of sustainable growth.
Discussion. A considerable amount of information and indicators for sustainable development are being formed and used in a very wide range, from simple concepts to complicated and complex ones. The meaning of the phrase "sustainable development" turns into a multi-valued, complex concept. The sustainable development should not be unilaterally regarded as a period of positive
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economic growth. In the use of the sustainable development concept, abstract thinking method is used and deduction should be based on many processes and indicators. In the application of abstract thinking method, occasional features and additional processes, that are not inherent in the phenomenon or object of study and does not revealing its essence, keep us away from the target. However, a researcher, rejecting all unnecessary processes, penetrates into the very essence of the process and reveals its real essence.
Most modern Western theories about market economy emerged from the analysis of equilibrium. But if you rely on long experience, a dynamic system is never remains in the equilibrium condition for a long time. According Dzh.R.Hiksa the concept of "sustainable condition" plays a major role in the modern economic thought. A sustainable condition is a special phenomenon in the dynamic system. It was formed on the basis of the immutability of human needs, the level of technological development and the amount of resources for a certain time11 [6].
If we can ensure the implementation of these directions, we will be able to enjoy sustained economic development. Objectively, the sustainable economic development of Zhambyl Region is task for all society and sustainability indicators obtained by its resolve can be implemented in the country's economy.
11 The U.S.A Economy in the future ( problems and forecasts ) . M, Progress , 1982 - P. 91-92 .
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