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14THE NEW HERO IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN LITERATURE (By the example of Z. Prilepin's story "Sher Amen")
Asomiddin Umardin ugli Murodov
National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek
ABSTRACT
The type of the literary hero as an aesthetically organized material, previously passed social organization, certainly connected with the national self-consciousness, with the degree of social comprehension of the historical process in its moral and psychological coordinates. The individual fact acquires universal significance not only under the condition of repetition and commonplace, but sometimes - exceptionality. It is possible to identify the main types of the hero of Russian literature of the XIX century: the little man, the superfluous man, the new man, the repentant nobleman, the righteous man. In this case, each writer seeks not so much to conform to this "mainline", as to present its own original individual type of hero.
Keywords: Russian literature, hero, story, the image, the new man.
The story "Sher Amen", like the majority of Prilepin's stories, is autobiographical. In the center of the story, we see the image of a young man looking for his place in society, who, in the end, thinks about himself, about his actions. In addition, of course about the decision he should have made long before that. In place of certain external traits, the reader given different images in relation, with which the individual traits of the protagonist appear. This accomplished by first-person narration [1-6]. As we read, we see the course of the young man's thoughts, which based on individual events (childhood, adolescence...).
Our analysis of the story based on the cluster above. This cluster gives the relationship of the main character (Sher Amen) to the secondary characters, Friend Cherpak, the girlfriend who cheated on him, the Chebriakov brothers, the boogeyman from school, the fellow literati, the teacher, and the father [7-12]. In addition, three kinds of columns used here, some are one-sided, who were with the hero only before his change, and others are two-sided parallel, whom the hero meets even after the change to get revenge and the third in a triangular system (the father, the hero and February).
When analyzing the image of the main character in the story "Sher Amen", the first thing that fascinates our attention is his nickname, since his name never mentioned in the work. He got his nickname "Sher Amen" during his service. His comrades wanted to make a joke and take a "fellow soldier in his sleep" photo, but then plans changed... Once he was so nicknamed by his closest comrade, a nerd, which has never once helped the hero "he would have been killed without me", but this time he knocked out his own
tooth [13-19]. Cher Amen later learns that the grandfathers then wanted to put a candle in his mouth for beauty, but the nerd prevented them from doing so. Undoubtedly, the hero regrets his action, but it was all too late.
He has not had much luck with girls, either. After the service, he returns to his girlfriend, whom he left to live in his apartment. However, the girl was not in the apartment; she arrived a week later. The next day, the hero finds out that during his service she mixed up with his classmate, because of which he throws her out of the house. Seventeen years later, she writes a letter "I didn't know who you were". To this Cher amen replies thus, "I should have known, and then why are you a woman; only men have the right to know" («Надо было знать, а зачем ты тогда женщина; только мужчины имеют право знать»).
The images of the Chebriakov Brothers and the Boogeyman of the School represent the concessions in his way, which preserved in his memory as a grudge demanding retribution [20-24]. The incidents with the Chebriakov brothers happened in his preschool years. One of the brothers pushed our hero into the icy mud. Twenty years later, he returns to the village, where he sees the brothers lying in the street like old dogs, I grabbed one of them by the arm - it tore off... Then I realized: I ripped out the sleeve of his jacket with the root" («Рванул за руку кого-то из них - она оторвалась... Потом понял: вырвал с корнем рукав телогрейки») The boogeyman from the parallel class once took off a boy's hat and threw it far away, and the hero could not get revenge on him "the forces were not equal" («силы были не равны»). However, 15 years later, he manages to avenge his past. The boogeyman is already three heads taller than he is, though he had to jump, Cher amen will do it.
Besides them, there is also the image of his fellow literary man, who keeps following him all the time [25-29]. This image epitomizes human envy. In everyone's life, there are people who act like their best friends, but at the first convenient moment, they will stab a dagger into their most vulnerable place. The literary comrade does the same. In the beginning, the hero considers him "a brother not a brother, but a good comrade" («братом не братом, но хорошим товарищем»), they open up to each other, as the comrade loved. In addition, one day in time for the Sher Amen award, this comrade turns him out to be a traitor, a cheat... The hero runs out into the street in shame, but when he comes back, he takes this comrade by the button, takes him to a corner and says, "I am stronger than you, as a man, as a man, as an inventor, as an outlaw, as anything. Do you understand me? He nodded: Got it. Get lost! - commanded. He's gone" («Я сильнее тебя, как человек, как мужчина, как выдумщик, как беспредельщик, как всё что угодно. Понял меня? Он кивнул: Понял. Сгинь! - велел. Он сгинул»).
The image of the teacher the readers learn from the lips of the schoolchild. In addition, because of this, she appears before us as a vigilante teacher, just as the student describes her.
Thus, the author manages through different images to create a perfect hero, who can pass any obstacles. With each event, the hero strengthens, gets smarter, changes his views on the world.
Finally, special attention drawn to the image of the father, which occurs especially in the hero's discourse about him: "My father left I did not catch up with him. And if he had come back - then would he have been given everything that he was given more than now?" («Отец ушел я не догнал его. А если б он вернулся - тогда дали бы все, что дали лихвой теперь?») from that moment he began to reason about what happened to him, from that moment he stopped throwing all the vein on his father, because of the fact that he had left. He finally realized that everything depended on himself.
"I guess my father had to come back from his February, take me in his arms. Because it hasn't been the same since" («Наверно, отец должен был вернуться из своего февраля, взять меня на руки. Потому что с тех пор всё не так»), "I never caught up with my father. Everything went wrong from the very beginning. Everything would have been different if he had not left [30-34]. Things would have been different if he had not left then. Everything would have been different if he hadn't left me" («Я так и не догнал отца. Всё с самого начала шло наперекосяк. Всё было бы иначе, если б он не ушёл. Всё было бы иначе, если б он не ушёл тогда. Всё было бы иначе, если б он не ушёл тогда от меня»). It all starts from there, his father leaves, and he becomes lonely because no one can replace his father. Consequently, he finds only one reason for his every failure, and that reason is his father's departure.
In order to reveal the image of the main character, a symbolic image is used -February, as a constant companion of the hero. The hero perceives this month as a part of his father. Clearly, it is necessarily associated with the departure of his father in February "father had to return from his February" («отец должен был вернуться из своего февраля»). That is why all his failures are associated with this month, as the protagonist believes. "In the next slushy February ... one of them pushed me in the shoulders, from behind, and I fell with all my body into the icy mud" («В следующий слякотный февраль ...один из них толкнул меня в плечи, сзади, и я упал всем телом в ледяную грязь»). "The next time - another year, again February" («Следующий раз - ещё через год, опять февраль»), "In that February I almost froze in the outfit - I was lazy to live" («В тот февраль я чуть не замёрз в наряде -жить было лень»).
When he realizes that neither February nor his father have anything to do with it all. He begins to realize it as an adult. "And at that moment, it is as if that very February presses him to his heart: ...and then I looked up, and I was licked in the face - with all that inky February heat, like a dog's tongue, as if saying: well, you what? Who can offend you, you fool?" («...и тогда я посмотрел вверх, и меня лизнули в лицо - всем этим чернильным февральским жаром, как собачьим языком, словно говоря: ну, ты что? кто тебя может обидеть, дуралей?»). In addition, from that moment February becomes a part of the protagonist himself.
There are moments in everyone's life when they wonder, "How things would have turned out if I had taken a different path, why I did not catch up with him when I should have. Why I did not realize everything when I should have" («а как всё сложилось бы, если я пошел по другому пути, почему я не догнал его, когда должен был, почему не осознал всё, когда было надо...»). This we see and in the image of the main character. In addition, the story touches on the relationship between father and son, which gives us to understand that the writer through this image wanted to show the story of not one but many people. Thus, Z. Prilepin offers topics for reflection for "modern youth", representatives of the "new era" - "the next tectonic shift" («современному молодежу», представителям «новой эпохи» - «очередного тектонического сдвига»).
With each of the "young" authors, he talks about close, interesting to him writers, interested in the degree of involvement of each in the modern literary process. Even the smallest stories by Zakhar Prilepin, make a person think about what is happening and the everyday problems that depress him, and understand what makes the modern youth choose the wrong, thorny path in life which subsequently leads him to suicide or loss of his "self". The writer in his works uses all the techniques and methods in the aspect of the modern world and modern personality, thus his characters and the events around them become real and more close to us, attracting the attention of readers. He simultaneously with the main character is trying to find a way out, a solution to the problems and wants justice to prevail over everything that is happening, although we know that it does not always work in our modern world.
Through the works of Zakhar Prilepin we understand how difficult it is for today's youth to find their way and not to break under the pressure of everyday life and problems. However, the path to becoming a harmoniously developed person - it is quite a difficult and challenging process. We believe that students of philology need to be acquainted with modern literature, in which the heroes are teenagers with their problems and their world.
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