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5THE MULBERRY PYRALID BIOLOGY IN ANDIJAN DISTRICT REGION
Muxtasar Qambarova Zarifaxon G'ulamjonovna Nosirova
Assistant, Andijan state agrarian institute Doctor of philosophy in agricultural
sciences (PhD), Tashkent state agrarian university
ABSTRACT
The ecologic factors effect to development of mulberry pyralid has been studied. The phonological map of this insect on sample of Bo'ston district of Andijan region has been constructed. Based on the analysis of this map has been revealed that the pest gives for a season up to 5-6 generations and also the most premier air temperature is in region 25-35 0C and air humidity equals to 40-50%.
Keywords: mulberry pyralid, pest, insect, mulberry tree
INTRODUCTION
Entering the territory of our country as an external quarantine insect in the 90-ies of the last century, the development, testing and implementation of measures against the pest - Mulberry moth (Diaphania (Glyphodes) Pyloalis Walker), which is currently causing serious damage to the mulberry trees of our country, is one of the most important issues of the silk industry today.
METHODOLOGY
Increasing demand for environmentally friendly pure products today requires the development of a carefully planned harmonized method of combating fumes. In this regard, in our previous studies, we conducted a number of scientific studies on the application and testing of agrotechnical method "nimble belt" [8], as well as a number of microbiological drugs such as lacewing [1], bracon [2], trichogram [3], taxine flies [4], microbiological preparations such as "Naturalis L" [5], "Prestige plus" [6], chemical preparations such as "Avaunt", "Alexander" [7].
As an important element of the pest control system and a logical continuation of our researches, this article presents an analysis of the results of our observational experiments on the impact of environmental factors on the development of mulberry pyralid.
Mulberry trees planted on the edges of the cotton crop were selected for the experiments, and the development processes and duration of mulberry moth eggs, worms, butterflies and fungi in them were observed in April-October 2018.
In order to eliminate the influence of factors other than environmental factors on the development of the pest in selected trees, other species of pests and entomophagous mulberry pyralid were mechanically destroyed. Based on the observations, a phenological map of the mulberry pyralid was compiled. The obtained results of experiences are presented in Table 1.
Table 1
The phonological map of mulberry pyralid (Andijan region, Bo'ston district, 2018)
Months and decades
April May June July August September October
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
+ + +
• • •
♦ ♦
o o
+ +
• •
♦ ♦
o o
+ +
• •
♦ ♦
o o M S3
+ + » =
• •
♦ ♦
o o
+ +
• •
♦ ♦
o o
+ + + + +
♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦
o o o o o
First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth generation
generation generation generation generation generation
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Middle temperature, 0C
22-26 24-28 26-30 30-32 29-33 27-31
Air moisture, %
50-60 46-56 45-55 46-56 52-62 55-65
Remarks: + - eggs; • - caterpillars; ♦ - pupae; 0 - butterflies
In addition, white mulberry (Morns alba) trees, which are almost identical in height and width in these regions, were selected, and quantitative and qualitative changes in the developmental stages of mulberry pyralid offspring in these trees were also recorded in writing.
Table 2
Influence of season periods to mulberry pyralid population (Andijan region, 2017-2018)
variants Experienc es district Ground features Middle temperature, 0C Middle moisture, % Rain days Quantitative changes of different cycles of mulberry pyralid on 10 leaves of mulberry tree
eggs caterpillars Pupae
In the beginning In the end Absolutely change t p a 1 a t 3 i In the end Absolutely change In the beginning In the end Absolutely change
Period of first generation develo pment (15 March - 1 May)
1. Qurgante pa Good 21 80 10 0,2 - 0 2 3 50 - 2 2
2. Baliqchi Neutra l 22 67 6 0,4 - 0 3 7 13 3 - 2 2
3. Ulug'nor Saline 23 60 5 0,7 - 0 4 11 17 5 - 6 6
4. Buston Saline 24 55 5 0,5 - 0 4 12 20 0 - 7 7
Period of second generation development (1 May - June)
1. Qurgante pa Good 22 75 6 - 10 10 3 5 2 2 1 -1
2. Baliqchi Neutra l 23 62 4 - 15 15 7 11 4 2 1 -1
3. Ulug'nor Saline 24 55 3 - 22 22 1 1 16 5 6 3 -3
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«SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS» Scientific Journal ISSN: 2181-1601 ///// \\\\\ Volume: 1, ISSUE: 6
4. Buston Saline 26 51 3 - 24 25 1 2 17 5 7 4 -3
Period of third generation development (1 June - 1 July)
1. Qurgante pa Good 24 70 3 10 15 5 2 3 1 1 1 0
2. Baliqchi Neutra l 25 58 1 15 24 9 4 6 2 1 3 2
3. Ulug'nor Saline 26 52 1 22 34 12 5 8 3 3 6 3
4. Buston Saline 28 50 1 25 38 13 5 9 4 4 8 4
Period of fourth generation development (1 July - 1 August)
1. Qurgante pa Good 28 74 3 15 21 6 3 8 5 1 2 1
2. Baliqchi Neutra l 29 61 1 24 37 13 6 15 9 3 6 3
3. Ulug'nor Saline 30 56 1 34 49 15 8 19 11 6 10 4
4. Buston Saline 32 51 1 38 55 17 9 21 12 8 14 6
Period of fifth generation deve opment (1 August - 10 September)
1. Qurgante pa Good 27 78 7 21 10 -11 8 5 -3 2 1 -1
2. Baliqchi Neutra l 28 64 4 37 25 -12 1 5 11 -4 6 3 -3
3. Ulug'nor Saline 30 59 3 49 34 -15 1 9 13 -6 10 5 -5
4. Buston Saline 31 57 3 55 35 -20 2 1 14 -7 14 6 -8
Period of sixth generation c evelopment (10 September - 1 November)
1. Qurgante pa Good 25 81 11 10 - -10 5 1 -4 1 0 -1
2. Baliqchi Neutra l 26 67 5 25 5 -20 1 1 3 -8 3 1 -2
3. Ulug'nor Saline 27 62 4 34 7 -27 1 3 4 -9 5 2 -3
4. Buston Saline 29 60 4 35 9 -26 1 4 5 -9 6 2 -4
Such observations were made in 4 variants in proportion to the selected areas. Emphasis was placed on the different life cycles of one-season offspring of mulberry
pyralid insects in each region, i.e., the number of eggs, worms, and fungi of each generation during the season was quantified.
DISCUSSION
In order to facilitate the comparative analysis of options in the experiments, special attention was paid to the uniformity of the effect of other types of factors (agrotechnical, mechanical measures, chemical control, etc.). The observation results are presented in Table 2.
RESULTS
This table shows that, first, during one season in the Andijan region from 5.5 (in Qurgantepa district) to 6 (in the remaining 3 districts) reproduction was observed. This means that the last 6th generation in Qurgantepa district, unlike other districts, has not yet been fully formed.
Second, rising air temperatures and decreasing humidity and precipitation seem to accelerate the development of mulberry moths.
Third, due to the relatively low development rate of 1st and 2nd generation mulberry pyralids, at same time these insects do not cause significant economic damage to mulberry trees, and thus to the development of silkworms through indirect effects. However, it would be wrong to conclude that this is possible even if there is no absolute fight against this pest.
CONCLUSION
Only at this time it means that it is not necessary to fight it with chemical preparations and not to stop the fight in a biological way. In addition, this is actually the case for farmers. Because the negative effect of pesticides applied to the leaves of mulberry trees at this time is reflected in the development of silkworms.
REFERENCES
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