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Section 9. Political science
O'tamurodov Akbar, doctorof Philosophy, Head of Theory and practice of democratic society construction Department, the Social Sciences Faculty National University of Uzbekistan, E-mail: [email protected]
THE MAIN STAGES OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: In this article, the main stages of the civil society formation and development in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Keywords: Development Strategy, modernization, civil society, reforms.
Today, in most countries of the world, where the legal democratic system is settled as a combination of universal and national values, it is almost universally acknowledged that the founding of a civil society is the best way to develop a human lifestyle, and its inclining globalization requires the study of civil society as a science.
Our first President, I. A. Karimov, stated, "Our main strategic goal is to be firm and unchangeable, to build a free democratic state based on a market economy, and to build a strong foundation for civil society" [1, 331].
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. M. Mirzi-yoev evaluated the achievements made during the years of independence, "... we will continue to consistently and consistently continue the path of wide-ranging political, economic and social reforms initiated by the first President I. A. Karimov. This path is a solid foundation for building a free, democratic, humane state, building a civil society, raising the economic power of our Homeland and further prosperity" [2].
The notion of civil society is the result of the centuries-long experience of human society, and is defined by the status of human rights and freedoms.
It is well known that in the face of any state and society that has gained its independence, it is necessary to create the concepts of development, which will be able to create the prospects of its development. The develop-
ment model that perfectly reflects the interests and needs of its national development, in the future, will yield its positive outcomes and realize the potential of the nation. From this point of view, on the initiative of I. A. Karimov, the first president, who led the struggle for independence of our state, developed the concepts of strategic development of our state and society. He led the formation of the Republic of Uzbekistan's strategy of independence and progress based on the experience of advanced democratic states and the harmony of national-spiritual traditions.
The main priorities of the ongoing reforms in Uzbekistan are the formation of a civil society in the country. "The Concept for Further Deepening Democratic Reforms and Forming Civil Society in the Country" developed and submitted by I. A. Karimov, at the joint session of the Legislative Chamber and the Senate of the Oliy Majlis on 12 November 2010, was a strategic program ofbuilding a new society in the country. It should be noted that this concept proposes the adoption of a number oflegal foundations -the adoption of laws for a new society.
The work on the establishment and development of civil society in Uzbekistan can be conditionally divided into four stages: the formation and development ofcivil society:
The first stage involves the 1991-2000 period. During this period, first, the foundations of the civil society were created.
THE MAIN STAGES OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN UZBEKISTAN
In the second stage, active processes on democratization and modernization of the country for 2000-2010 were continued.
The third stage is 2011-2016. During this period, the legal basis for the building of civil society was developed, the social supporter of civil society - the middle social layer was further strengthened.
The fourth stage starts in 2017 and is characterized by the practical aspects of the formation of civil society. The idea of building a civil society in this period was further developed in the "Development Strategy" in five priority areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan's development in 2017-2021 and "The Concept ofAdministrative Reforms in the Republic of Uzbekistan" and began a radical transformation period in this area. At this stage, civil society developed rapidly and began to show itself in many ways. Meanwhile, the reforms carried out by the President Sh. Mirziyoev show that the new stage has started.
Uzbekistan has entered the era of modernization of the new era of radical changes and reforms - the end of the second decade of the 21st century - starting from 2017. Developed by the initiative of President Sh. Mirziyoev the "Development Strategy for 2017-2021", approved by the President Decree on February 7, 2017, has begun a radical era of development in the country, characteristic of new, developed countries. The program, which is aimed at modernization of all spheres of the society, consists of five directions, which are aimed at modernization in the country, separate regions, different branches and directions in the next five years. It briefly describes the socio-economic, political, cultural, scientific-technical, technological, investment, and modernization of all aspects of society, as well as a "roadmap" for developed countries. The "Development Strategy" also focuses on the development of a clear, realistic, capacity building, and mechanisms for implementation of planned goals and objectives.
Firstly, President Sh. M. Mirziyoev has developed clear timelines to implement the goals set out in the Decrees and Resolutions. Specifically, the state program adopted in connection with the adoption of the Year of Operation of Innovative Business, Innovative Ideas and Technologies by 2018 sets out key conditions for the implementation of the Development Strategy.
President Sh. Mirziyoyev addressed his appeal to the Oliy Majlis on the following issues on the devel-
opment of civil society and its problems: "The role and place of non-state non-profit organizations in our reforms in building a free civil society, protecting human rights and freedoms it should be emphasized. At present, there are more than 9,000 non-governmental non-profit organizations in the country, and there are 29 international and foreign non-governmental organizations' branches and representative offices... The decree and decisions aimed at improving the activities of non-government non-profit organizations have been adopted. However, in spite of these important efforts, it is sufficient to systematize the problems of the population, to address them clearly, in particular to support the most vulnerable women, to prevent crime and crime among young people and to ensure their employment is not noticeable. They are only busy attending meetings. We believe that non-government non-profit organizations today can make a breakthrough in their work by drawing conclusions from critical remarks" [3, 34-35].
It is necessary to apply modernization processes in modern Uzbekistan from the point of view of national aspect. For example, the first phase of modernization in Malaysia is a theoretical formulation of the Malaysian development model. The role of government-led development programs in the development of theoretical and practical programming goals of the Malaysian state was remarkable. The "New Economic Policy" program, especially the four-year plans, has played an important role. Additionally, according to Deng Xiaoping, the founder of the modernization in China, the three-stage development strategy envisages joining the Chinese average of 2050 [4]. However, the impact of the strategy adopted in the Republic of Uzbekistan in the global practice, such as the objectives of the development program, the duration of its implementation, and its implementation mechanisms are different: first, the explicit and explicit timeframe of the implementation of the targets, secondly, the pre-establishment of legal and economic foundations for the realization of these goals, the establishment of funding sources for the modernization process, taking into account national conditions in the country, etc. The international community has also been recognized by the "Development Strategy" based on a shorter period of modernization - over five years of its implementation of the expertise of all levels of expertise, its indicators of relevance to the country's capacities.
Discussion of the "Development Strategy" project by the public and the public over the past few months, taking into account the suggestions and recommendations of scientists, entrepreneurs, farmers, population, and their discussion in the labor collectives has played an important role in improving the legal and political awareness of our people. These measures, in turn, have helped improve the project, taking into account the real needs and needs of the population. In other words, the modernization process in our country has been reflected not only on foreign experiences, but also in the "Development Strategy", which is based on the needs of the national traditions, the challenges posed by their solutions, and the need for reform. The "Development Strategy" project passed on "public expertise" and public debates on TV, radio and the Internet.
At the present time, the implementation of the "Development Strategy" positively influences the development of all sectors of the society, including laws, presidential decrees, resolutions, government decisions, and the results of their implementation. This means that the tasks in the "Development Strategy" are gradually being implemented. In this process, the President's vertical lobby and the People's Deposits are doing important work for the reform. They are working on solving problems, creating conditions for development based on their applications, applications and suggestions.
Monitoring the implementation of the goals and objectives of the "Development Strategy", the adoption and implementation of the state program for the development ofa key sector every year necessarily involves coordination and analysis of this process. This objective requires the establishment of analytical centers. Given the international experience, we see the sights of new developments in this area. In particular, the Center for Modernization Studies under the Academy of Sciences of China operates. This
research center is engaged in the implementation of the monitoring of the processes of modernization, the development of strategic programs that define the prospects of their publication and modernization. Such centers are available in all developed countries. The Development Strategy Center was established in Uzbekistan on February 23, 2017. Its main tasks are:
- request and receive required statutory, statistical and analytical information from ministries, departments, banks and other organizations within their mandate;
- submission to expert groups to be established by the commissions on the drafting of draft documents envisaged by the Program;
- engaging on a contractual basis as experts from public administration bodies, agencies, banks, academics and researchers from research and higher education institutions, independent experts, including foreign governments;
- to determine the right of coordination of invited national and foreign experts for development ofmeasures on implementation of the Development Strategy [5].
In general, in the current "Development Strategy" was recognized as a national model of development and recognized by international organizations. Modernization in any country in the world of experimental theories and models of modernization theories and models is rarely found in the development model, which covers all spheres of the society, giving its effect in the short run. From this point ofview, Uzbekistan has long been recognized by developed state and international organizations in decades as decentralization of the public administration, liberalization of the economy, creating favorable legal and financial conditions for the social layer of the proprietor, encouraging innovation and investment in the country began to show itself. Of course, this means that our state is actively pursuing civil society.
References:
1. Karimov I. A. Ozod va obod Vatan, ehrkin va farovon ^ayot - pirovard ma^sadimiz. T.: Yzbekiston.- 2000. 8-zhild.
2. Mirziyoev Sh. M. Erkin va farovon, demokratik Yzbekiston davlatini mard va olizhanob halKimiz bilan birga Kuramiz. Yzbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Shavkat Mirziyoevning Yzbekiston Respublikasi Olij Mazhlis ^onunchilik palatasi va Senatidagi nutKi. HalK syzi. 15.12.2016.
3. Mirziyoev Sh. M. Olij Mazhlisga Murozhaatnomasi.- T.: Yzbekiston,- 2018.
4. Deng Xiaoping. Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping. - Vol. 3. Beijing: People Press.- 1993.
5. URL: http://www.lex.uz/pages/getpage.aspx?lact_id=3114480&twolang=true
