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THE INTERPRITATIONS OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND THEIR TRANSLATION
EQUALENTS
(ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE THEME "FURNUTURE")
Avazova Munira
([email protected]) Master Student of Karshi state university who studies phraseological
units in English
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Received: 24th January 2024 Accepted: 30th January 2024 Online:31th January 2024
KEY WORDS Furniture, curtain, armchair critic, be part of the furniture, cut a rug, bring to the table, call on the carpet phraseology, phraseological units, concept, linguoculturemes, nominative phraseological units,
communicative phraseological units.
In english there are a lot of phraseological units which leads to a bit challenging work during the translation. The following article will discuss this issue oresenting releval examolea on the theme " furniture" and inducates the diffirence which causes inequalents between two languages. Language is a cultural system's arbitrary and customary symbolic resource. While it identifies speakers' various beliefs and worldviews, it also causes a lot of conflict in communication. As a result, academics have long strived to comprehend the function of language in human communication. To investigate language and culture, communication scholars, as well as those from other disciplines (e.g., linguistics, anthropology, psychology, and sociology), depend on each other's work.
Introduction. A growing number of academics are focusing on the science of phraseology. One of the theories is that phraseological units can be thought of as cultural phenomena, and their functioning can thus be studied in a cultural framework. As a result, phraseology has made its way into the field of sociolinguistics. We'll look into the cultural identities of English and Uzbek phraseological units in this phase of our research. A stable, consistent collection of words with partially or totally figurative meaning is one of the finest definitions of phraseological units. Phraseological units represent the richness of a language by displaying the cultural paradigms of its speakers. They represent an ethnolinguistic community's cultural archetypes and assist to make apparent the characteristics of its world perspective. In the early twentieth century, linguists focused their emphasis on phraseological units as specific units of language. These word-combinations became the focus of scientific research in the second half of the twentieth century.
Main Part
In today's modern linguistics the anthropocentric direction, the view of the human factor as an important phenomenon in the study of language, is growing. The linguocognitive, linguopragmatic and linguoculturological aspects of language units are widely studied on the basis of this direction. One of the main problem to be studied in cognitive linguistics is concept and according to acknowledgement of many researcher's cognitive linguistics and
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linguoculturology are leading areas of the anthropocentric paradigm. If cognitive linguistics is a science that studies the nature of a particular concept in the linguistic image of the world and its relation to world realities, the concept is one of the leading categories of cognitive linguistics and is an element of communication between culture and humanity. Although the term "concept" has been widely used in linguistics since the 1990s, it still does not have a single explanation or interpretation. Professor G. M. Hoshimov describes the concept as follows: "A concept is the result of not only two important processes, conceptualization and categorization, which arewhich are closely related to each other, but also it is an end result of a number of other important processes (such as psychologization, cognition, sociology, (linguo) semantization, sociolectization, stylization (like dialectization, variantization, and idiolectization), and it constitutes the cognitive basis of the linguistic semantics as a holistic conceptual/cognitive semantics".
As a consequence of considering the aforementioned notions, we may conclude that the concept is the end product of various processes occurring in our thoughts, and it is a unit that necessitates further research in cognitive linguistics. At this point, we'd like to concentrate on the notion of "wedding" in English and Uzbek, two unrelated languages.
These researches studied the ethnographic lexicon denoting the history, nationalspiritual values, customs and traditions of the nation of two different countries to a certain level. Assumed from comparative - typological analysis in Uzbek and English languages, the concept of "furniture" is explained in a systematic way through invariant types of language units:
a) Morpheme
b) Lexeme
c) Syntax
d) Phraseological units
e) Texteme.
Below we focus on phraseological units comparing two languages It is obvious that phraseological units are closely connected with the spiritual culture, customs, profession, way of life, past, aspirations, attitude to reality of the people who speak the language. In linguistics, course of phraseology is still understood in a broad and narrow sense. Scholars with a broad understanding believe that proverbs, sayings, aphorisms, and other types of fixed units are the components of phraseology. On the other hand, narrow - minded scholars do not evaluate proverbs and sayings as the object of phraseology. According to A. V. Kunin's theory, we support the inclusion of fixed phrases based on the concept of secondary naming, as well as proverbs and sayings, in the list of phraseological units. Kunin defines phraseological units as "fixed units that represent a completely or partially transferable meaning."(Kunin, 1983) In his opinion, phraseologisms serve a variety of roles, including nominative, stylistic, communicative, pragmatic, and finishing functions. Sh. Rahmatullaeva, one of the leading Uzbek phraseologist, classifies phraseological units terms of types of meaning:
a) nominative phraseological units
b) expressive (communicative) phraseological units
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English ideoms Uzbek variants
a watched pot never boils kutgan narsa kech bo'ladi
on the table muhokama qilinayotgan
off the shelf ishlatsa bo'ladigan
sweet smth under the carpet yashirmoq, bildirmaslikka harakat qilmoq
bring the curtain down nimanidur tugatmoq
cut a rug raqsga tushmoq
darken sb's door noo'rin kelgan mehmon
have a lot on one's plate juda band inson
in one's cup alkogol ichimliklar ichmoq
lie like a rug muntazam yolg'on gapirmoq
in the oven homiladorlik davri
lift the curtain boshlamoq
at the death's door o'limi yaqin
We may make the following findings from a comparative examination of samples in English and Uzbek, which belong to separate language families typologically:
a) Linguoculturemes are nominative and communicative phraseological units that express the concept of "wedding" in both languages. These units are important in the languages and cultures of the English and Uzbek nations, and it is no exaggeration to say that they are specialized verbal means for realizing unique ethnolinguistic and linguoculturological features.
b) Phraseologisms in the compared languages are distinguished from one another as unique national units - linguoculturemes. In this regard, while their formal properties, i.e. their external structures, are significantly different, they exchange certain semantic components as well as some semantic terminology. For example, certain nominative phraseological units in Uzbek and English; as well as communicative phraseological units in Uzbek and English show that the language and culture of a nation have its own linguoculturological features. Such phraseological units should be given substantial consideration in the teaching and translation processes; otherwise, the ethnolinguistic and linguocultural features of languages may not be highlighted during the study and application process.
c) While the resemblance of phraseological verbalizers of the concept of "furniture" in comparable languages may be explained by applying basic rules of language development, their variances can be outlined by its specificity of the thinking of speakers / authors in this or that language.
Conclusion: Phraseological units absorb values of the ages in which it lives. The problem of understanding the meaning of a phraseological unit is linked with a possibility of increasing our knowledge about the world diachronically. The authors underline the importance of phraseological studies as it demonstrates the interrelation between the language and the society. The role of phraseological units as specific structures in forming vocabulary and linguacultural competence of students is very significant because they encapsulate a national, country's cultural outlook. Usagebased theories of language learning suggest that phraseology must be studied as a part of vocabulary. Teaching phraseology is a part of cultural approach in foreign teaching methodology and arranging vocabulary studying though structure of component meaning is linguistic approach. This article begins by establishing a theoretical
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framework to help find the answer to the question: ''what do the words in a phraseological unit mean?''. From there, major phraseological concepts on the problem are reviewed. Complex methodology is applied: method of phraseological identification, semantic analysis. Finally, the article concludes with a discussion of four types of wordcomponents in phraseological units: real words; potential words; "former" words.
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