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УДК 378.14
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ИМИДЖА КАК ОСНОВA МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЙ И ЛИНГВОДИДАКТИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТА-ПЕРЕВОДЧИКА
Гасаненко Елена Александровна, старший преподаватель, Магнитогорский государственный технический университет имени Г. И. Носова (г. Магнитогорск, РФ). E-mail: nataljapidckaluck@yandex.ru
Дёрина Наталья Владимировна, кандидат филологических наук, доцент, Магнитогорский государственный технический университет имени Г. И. Носова (г. Магнитогорск, РФ). E-mail: nataljapidckaluck@yandex.ru
Рабина Екатерина Игоревна, кандидат педагогических наук, старший преподаватель, Магнитогорский государственный технический университет имени Г. И. Носова (г. Магнитогорск, РФ). E-mail: nataljapidckaluck@yandex.ru
Дёрина Ксения Сергеевна, студент, Магнитогорский государственный технический университет имени Г. И. Носова (г. Магнитогорск, РФ). E-mail: nataljapidckaluck@yandex.ru
В статье рассмотрена сущность понятия профессионального имиджа студента-переводчика в рамках гуманизации высшего образования, даны структурные составляющие, особенности и характерные черты профессионального имиджа студента-переводчика технического вуза. В статье также рассматривается процесс профессиональной подготовки студентов технического вуза, который должен быть направлен не только на формирование их профессиональных компетенций и качеств, но и на их личностный рост, на развитие готовности выпускников самостоятельно представлять себя в мире для успешной самореализации. Чтобы определить профессиональный имидж студентов технического вуза, мы рассмотрим основные компетенции, которые должны быть сформированы в процессе обучения в университете. Кроме того, чтобы понять, каким должен быть имидж студента технического вуза, необходимо рассмотреть ряд качеств и навыков будущего специалиста. Это профессиональная компетенция (навыки), корпоративная компетентность (умение работать и общаться в команде), социокультурная компетентность: контакт, совместимость, коммуникабельность, дружелюбие, энергия, умение правильно и к месту одеваться, умение говорить грамотно, выбирать социальные роли, а также обладать такими социально значимыми навыками, как компьютерная грамотность и знание иностранных языков на должном уровне.
Ключевые слова: имидж, профессиональный имидж студента-переводчика технического вуза, структура имиджа, гуманизация высшего образования, профессиональная подготовка.
THE FORMATION OF A PROFESSIONAL IMAGE AS A BASIS OF METHODICAL AND LINGUODIDACTIC TRAINING OF A STUDENT-TRANSLATOR
Gasanenko Elena Aleksandrovna, Sr Instructor, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University (Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation). E-mail: nataljapidckaluck@yandex.ru
Derina Natalya Vladimirovna, PhD in Philology, Associate Professor, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University (Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation). E-mail: nataljapidckaluck@yandex.ru
Rabina Ekaterina Igorevna, PhD in Pedagogy, Sr Instructor, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University (Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation). E-mail: nataljapidckaluck@yandex.ru
Derina Kseniya Sergeevna, Student, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University (Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation). E-mail: nataljapidckaluck@yandex.ru
The article considers the essence of the concept of the student-translator's professional image within a humanization of higher education, structural components, features and characteristic features of professional
image of the student-translator of technical university are given. The paper also deals with the process of vocational training of students of a technical university which should be directed not only at the formation of their professional competencies and qualities, but also at personal growth, at developing the readiness of graduates to self-present them to the world for successful self-realization. In order to determine the professional image of the technical college students, we consider the main competencies that must be formed in the process of university training. The purpose of this article is to determine the essence of the professional image concept of the technical college student-translators' to identify its features, main components and functions. In addition, in order to understand what kind of image a student of a technical college should possess, what could help him to form his own image, it is necessary to consider a number of qualities and skills that a future specialist needs to possess. These are professional competences (skills), corporate competences (the ability to work and communicate in a team), sociocultural competences: contact, compatibility, sociability, friendliness, energy, ability to dress competently and to the place, ability to speak competently, choose social roles, as well as such socially significant skills as computer literacy, knowledge of foreign languages at the proper level and using all this in the process of interpersonal communication.
Keywords: image, professional image of a student-translator of technical university, structure of image, humanization of higher education, vocational training.
DOI: 10.31773/2078-1768-2019-49-264-270
Introduction. The modern period of rapid economic development of Russia has led to a number of transformations in the economic, political, social, cultural spheres of Russian society, and also indicated the need to rethink the basic priorities in the system of higher professional education. In the context of humanization of higher education as a whole, the new concept of higher professional education is aimed at the personal development of a student-translator graduate who possesses not only high qualifications, but also training of a competitive specialist with a high level of culture, an active participant in economic, political, social relations in modern society [1].
In this regard, the process of vocational training of student-translators of a technical university should be directed not only at the formation of their professional competencies and qualities, but also at personal growth [19], at developing the readiness of graduates to self-present themselves to the world for successful self-realization in the main areas of life [2].
This actualizes the development problem of the technical college student-translators' readiness to form their professional image in the process of university preparation.
The presence of the formed idea of the professional image of a technical university student will lead him to a successful career in the future [7]. Willingness to form a professional image will allow
him to successfully carry out professional activities of student-translators.
It should be noted that the curricula of technical universities do not provide for the study of imageology as an independent discipline [4]. Therefore, as shown by our analysis, 37 % of students do not have a clear essence idea of the concept of "image", 45 % of students could not identify the components of a professional image, 62 % note that they have difficulties in shaping the external image of a business person, 67 % - in determining the ways of forming a professional image, 52 % indicated that they never thought about the need and importance of forming a professional image.
Purpose statement. The purpose of this article is to determine the essence of the professional image concept of the technical college student-translators' to identify its features, main components and functions.
Statement of basic materials. According to the sociological encyclopedic dictionary, image is defined as an external image created by the subject, with the aim of evoking a positive impression of others, as well as a combination of properties attributed to advertising, propaganda, fashion, prejudice, tradition, etc. an object with the aim of causing certain reactions in relation to it.
Management considers image as an image, representation, perception by a subject or means of communication. The following types of image are
considered in this scientific field: primary, secondary and ideal. The primary image is understood as a general idea of a person as an individual, person and subject of management, reflected in the minds of employees based on the results of the initial acquaintance. Under the secondary image refers to the process of formation of the image of management. The ideal image is composed of primary and secondary as the average representation of the higher management about the qualities of the desired manager or employee [2].
In psychology, image is considered from the point of view of psychological cognition. According to A.V. Vasishcheva, the term "image" originates in the works of Z. Freud, which characterizes it not so much as the real image of a person or object (Ego), but an ideal image (Super Ego), which differs from the real one, as established in the mass consciousness and having the character of a stereotype, an emotionally colored image of someone and something. A political figure, profession, product, etc. may have a certain image [3]. From the point of view of psychology, image formation can take place spontaneously, but more often it is the result of purposeful work of specialists in the field of political psychology, advertising psychology, and marketing. The most effective way to create an image is to use the media. At the same time, the image reflects the social expectations of certain professional and social groups, so the presence of the image can sometimes provide the subject with success in different areas of life.
In the majority of works such scholars as V.M. Markin, V.M. Shepel give the reduced image concept to a psychological image. Image is considered by scientists as a person's image, in which those qualities are most noticeably manifested due to which the effect of personal attractiveness, reputation of the family, business entity, state or public institution, region or the country as a whole is achieved.
As shown by our theoretical analysis, in management and psychology, scientists single out the same basic characteristics of the image, such as immutability, awareness, integrity and consistency, simplicity and limitations, focus, variability, pragmatism [17]. According to immutability, the image is an ideal object that arises in the minds of people, such an image is not directly measurable, it can be assessed only by their relationship to the subject, manifested in the process of communication, professional activity, therefore, in the process of creating an image monitor it and take into account
the positive reactions of people to it. Integrity and consistency are the characteristics of the image corresponding to the generalized ideas about the subject. From the point of view of realism, one should not embellish the advantages of the image. Explicit exaggeration will reduce trust [4]. The pragmatism of the image lies in the fact that it is deliberately focused on solving a certain range of tasks that correspond to the goals of the organization or the particularities of the current situation and its development. Image variability implies the absence of a rigid and unchanging design. This indicates the presence of necessity and the possibility of making adjustments to the process of image presentation. This construction is absolutely unacceptable; the situation of image broadcasting is always dynamic. And the last characteristic of the image is its focus, i.e. its focus on the external environment. Forming an image, a technical university student sets a goal to form a positive image among a wide professionally oriented audience, with whom he needs to establish various forms of cooperation in the course of his work activity. A competently formed professional image will make it possible to influence the decisions of the employer in a positive way; a professional image contributes to successful cooperation with colleagues and the employer.
In addition to the main characteristics in management, the main types of image are defined. There is an external image that is focused on the external environment, for example, the interior of an apartment, office, home, etc. Internal image implies a tradition, especially business communication. A positive image encompasses the positive aspects of the personality, while a negative image - negative. Natural image is formed spontaneously, as a result of natural development. An artificial image, unlike the natural one, is created specially and does not fully correspond to the image of the person. Emotional image is intended to cause a strong emotional response, focused on a large audience. And in the case of a cognitive image, only "dry" special information is given, focused on a narrow circle of professionals.
In management, there are three main stages of image formation. At the first stage of visualization, a visual image is created, that is, the ideal behavior of a person and his appearance. At the second stage of image formation, its stereotyping of the visual image is carried out; a new behavior pattern is developed. It happens and at the final stage, the already developed
behavior must be self-presented. In this case, the new image obtained as a result of sterotypization should be included in the daily behavior of the image holder [5].
Thus, the effective formation of the image will be successfully implemented in the presence of all three stages.
To date, various positions are known for defining the image structure of such authors as E.N. Russkaya, V.V Boyko, L.I. Popova, M.V. Udaltsova.
E.N. Russkaya identifies the following structural components of the image: a visual image (costume, hairstyle, plastic, facial expressions, voice), an internal image (temperament, mood, and personal qualities), mentality (spiritual practice, intellect).
V.V. Boyko views the structural components of the image as an audiovisual personality culture (speech, bracing, clothing, hairstyle), behavioral style (professional, intellectual, moral, emotional, communicative, aesthetic, ethical), internal philosophy, value system (attitudes, system of relationships), attributes that emphasize the status of the individual (office setting, car, etc.), the psycho-hygienic "I-image" (activity, goodwill, peacefulness, inner calm).
Thus, the effective formation of the image will be successfully implemented in the presence of all three stages.
To date, various positions are known for defining the image structure of such authors as E.N. Russkaya, V.V. Boyko, L.I. Popova, M.V. Udaltsova.
E.N. Russkaya identifies the following structural components of the image: a visual image (costume, hairstyle, plastic, facial expressions, voice), an internal image (temperament, mood, and personal qualities), mentality (spiritual practice, intellect).
VV Boyko views the structural components of the image as an audiovisual personality culture (speech, bracing, clothing, hairstyle), behavioral style (professional, intellectual, moral, emotional, communicative, aesthetic, ethical), internal philosophy, value system (attitudes, system of relationships), attributes that emphasize the status of the individual (office setting, car, etc.), the psycho-hygienic "I-image" (activity, goodwill, peacefulness, inner calm).
L.I. Popova identifies two main components: a visual image (visual) and a way of thinking, and actions. M. Udaltsova also designates two components in her structure: natural personality traits and specially created personality traits:
professionalism, competence, moral reliability, humanitarian education.
In our opinion, most fully, the structure of the image is represented by V.M. Shepel [15]. According to the position of this author, image formation or self-presentation turns out to be successful for those people who possess the appropriate abilities or qualities. Such abilities and qualities of V.M. Shepel were divided into three groups [15].
The scientist relates to the first group: natural qualities (interpersonal skills, i.e. the ability to easily converge with people); empathy (ability to empathy); reflexivity (the ability to understand another person); eloquence (the ability to influence the word); self-control (the ability to carry out activities in situations that affect the emotional sphere); personality psycho-energetic (emitted by subject fluids).
Communicability means having the ability to easily converge with people in the process of communication [10]. This is a socio-psychological personality trait, which is formed in the process of human group activity. Empathy refers to the capacity for empathy. The process of empathy is basically intellectual and emotional in its content [9]. Reflexivity is seen by scientists as the ability to understand another person. This is the subject's understanding of what means and why he made one or another impression on the communication partner. Eloquence indicates the ability to influence the word on the interlocutor. Self-control speaks of the ability to carry out activities in difficult situations that affect the emotional sphere of a person. Self-control is an indicator of emotional and social maturity. Purposeful development of these qualities contributes to the successful formation of a personal image. V. Shepel also added such ability as fluid radiation to these abilities. It manifests itself in the process of communication. Not every person has fluid radiation. This is a special glitter of the eyes, charming smile, extraordinary intonation of voice, unique style [16].
The second group, highlighted by V.M. Shepel, is the personality characteristics as a result of its upbringing and education: moral values, mental health, possession of a set of human technologies (interpersonal communication, overcoming conflict situations).
The third group includes everything related to the personal life and professional experience. In the course of their life and professional sphere, a person acquires and masters a certain set of qualities, abilities,
and behavior patterns [8]. In most cases, the image is the result of self-determination, skillful orientation in a particular situation [5], and therefore the correct choice of its behavior model. The third group is determined by the life and professional experience of an individual; it is a certain set of qualities, abilities, styles of behavior [15].
In order to determine the professional image of the technical college student-translators, we consider the main competencies that must be formed in the process of university training [13]. In addition, in order to understand what kind of image a student of a technical college should possess, it is necessary to consider a number of qualities and skills that a future specialist needs to possess. These are professional competence (skills), corporate competence (the ability to work and communicate in a team) [12; 19], sociocultural competence: contact, compatibility, sociability, friendliness, energy, ability to dress competently and to the place, ability to speak competently, choose social roles, as well as such socially significant skills as computer literacy and knowledge of foreign languages at the proper level [11].
Professional image is a generalized image of a specialist in a certain field of activity that has developed in the mass consciousness [6], which includes a certain number of values, skills, characteristics and qualities and has a certain impact on others. Professional image depends on the requirements for this profession, the main properties of which enter: dynamism, awareness, activity and believability.
The components of the professional image are: professional competence [12], psychological culture of the individual (interpersonal skills, goodwill, development of the verbal sphere, vigor, standardization of speech, social and psychological characteristics of a professional); visual image (style of clothing, accessories, hairstyle).
Forming your professional image, you must have an objective understanding of your appearance and the way in which others perceive it [14]. Important components in the technology of self-image, according to the scientists' opinion, are: the integrity of the perception of their own image, adequate self-esteem, awareness of the characteristics of their own personality, the degree of general development, ways and methods of self-determination [18].
Conclusions. It should be noted that the image of a technical student-translator is directly related to the professional competence of his personality and is an important indicator of his professional skills. In addition, the image is a socially desirable image. The modern concept of image includes, among other things, the most effective submission of a message about yourself, which allows you to hide certain features of a person. A specialist with a professional image should be attractive, empathetic, open, and sympathetic. He must radiate confidence and firmness of character. The basis of this approach is the belief about the property of a person to evaluate people by their style and appearance, the memory for words is lost long before the external impression about a person is forgotten.
Students-translators of a technical college should develop a readiness to form a professional image, since, first of all, it significantly influences the way of presenting yourself as a professional to the people around you. Secondly, a well-formed professional image affects the subject himself, forming in him an idea of the uniqueness of his own personality.
In accordance with the point of view of V.M. Shepel, the professional image performs a number of functions, which he divided into two groups.
The first group is the value functions of the image. It includes such sub functions as: personality-elevating function and the function of comforting interpersonal relations. Thanks to the creation of an attractive image, a person becomes professionally and socially demanded; as a result, the self-esteem of the person increases. It is in this way that the sub-image of sublimation appears. Comfort ability of interpersonal relationships arises when a professional has charm, which brings sympathy and benevolence into his communication. Image value functions indicate its indisputable value in professional and social activities, in building a healthy mental organization of the individual. Through the implementation of these functions, the inner world of the personality is manifested.
The next group was designated by the scientist as technological functions of the image [11], to which he attributed the interpersonal adaptation function and the shading function. The function of interpersonal adaptation is that, thanks to a properly chosen image, a technical university student-translators can later quickly enter a specific professional or social
environment, attract attention and establish friendly relations with work colleagues. The implementation of this function allows the future specialist to visualize their most attractive qualities that will cause sympathy or goodwill. This is the main idea of the function of highlighting the best personal and business qualities. The function of shading negative personal characteristics is carried out by means of makeup, clothing design, accessories, etc. Functional
image is diverse. Its main purpose is to achieve the effect of personal attraction. Whoever fully owns the functions of the image is inherent in such a state, which is called location magic [15].
Thus, a correctly formed professional image of a student-translator enables a specialist to demonstrate precisely the qualities, skills, values and abilities that society expects from him, thanks to the implementation of the relevant functions.
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