0THE «FLIPPED» CLASSROOM IS AN INNOVATIVE LEARNING MODEL
M. Ibadullayeva
3rd year student of the Faculty of Foreign Philology, Urgench State University, Urgench
ANNOTATSIYA
Ushbu maqolada "teskari" sinf modeli, uning an'anaviy o'qitish uslubiga nisbatan afzalliklari va kamchiliklari muhokama qilinadi. Muallif, shuningdek, ushbu modeldan foydalanish dars samaradorligini oshirishi, o'quvchilar o'z ustida mustaqil ishlashi haqida ma'lumot bergan.
Kalit so'zlar: sinf, vodkastlar, podkastlar, texnologiya, uy vazifasi, o'qituvchi, yuzma-yuz dars, obuna, tanqidchi.
ABSTRACT
This article discusses the "flipped" class model, its advantages and disadvantages over the traditional teaching method. The author also explained that the use of this model increases the effectiveness of the lesson, students work independently on themselves.
Keywords: classroom, vodcasts, podcasts, technology, homework, teacher, face-to-face lesson, subscription, critic.
A flipped classroom (lesson) is a teaching model in which the teacher provides material for self-study at home, and in the face-to-face lesson, there is a practical consolidation of the material. Flipped learning is characterized by the use of vodcasts, podcasts, and pre-vodcasting. Before getting into the details, let's understand the key concepts. A podcast is a sound file (audio lecture) that its creator sends by subscription via the Internet. Recipients can download podcasts to their devices, both fixed and mobile, or listen to lectures online.
Vodcast (Vodcast from video-on-demand) is about the same as a podcast, only with video files.
Pre-vodcasting is an educational method in which a school teacher or university professor creates a vodcast of his lecture so that students get an idea of a topic even before the lesson in which this topic will be considered. The pre-casting method is the original name of the flipped class method.
There is a technology for using vodcasts in the educational process using special software:
CMS (Content Management System, content management system) - used to create and manage the content of educational materials;
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LMS (Learning Management System, distance learning system) - provides access to educational materials, organization of feedback and horizontal links. An example of a vodcast created in iSpring Suite:
The Flipped Class is a learning model in which doing homework includes, among other things, the use of vodcast technologies: watching a video lecture;
reading educational texts, viewing explanatory drawings; passing tests for the initial assimilation of the topic.
Class work is devoted to the analysis of a complex theoretical part and questions that arose in students in the process of doing homework (no more than 25-30% of the time). Also in the classroom, students under the supervision of a teacher solve practical problems and perform research tasks. After classes in the classroom at home, practical tasks are completed, tests are performed to understand and consolidate the topic covered.
The transition to the flipped classroom model is a transition from teacher-led to student-led. In foreign literature, this transition is figuratively described as a change in the role of a teacher from "sage on the stage" to "guide on the side", which can be loosely translated as a transition from "a wise man and a player on the pipe" to "a guide - from the side he steers".
The flipped classroom model is sometimes blamed for weakening the role of the teacher. In fact, the transition to this model opens the way to increasing the importance of the role of the teacher in learning. The teacher can spend the time freed up due to pre-casting on more complex professional tasks - consolidating and deepening the knowledge gained by students on their own.
The flipped classroom is often confused with distance education. The difference lies on the surface - the time of classroom work "face to face" remains unchanged, only its content changes fundamentally.
Other critics of the flipped classroom argue that the model degrades the traditional aspect of education by not being able to promptly ask the lecturer questions. Defenders of the model respond that the need for such questions is mitigated by the additional possibilities provided by the use of
LMS , an incomprehensible place of the video lecture can be reviewed as many times as you like; you can refer to the FAQ (frequently asked questions);
you can ask questions to other students using the discussion module in the LMS (here, the mechanisms of the social theory of knowledge are additionally included);
you can send questions to the teacher via the built-in email to get clarifications in the upcoming class session.
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Despite criticism, after a decade of its existence, the popularity of the flipped learning model continues to grow. This is confirmed by a chart obtained using Google Trends. Flipped Class and Flipped Learning are used as key terms.
The Role of the Flipped Class Model in the 21st Century.
Changes taking place in all spheres of life are challenging the education system, requiring it to "keep pace". To answer this challenge, you need to understand what requirements the participants in the educational process must meet - both those who teach and those who study. An example of such requirements are the standards of the International Society for Technology in Education.
1. The updated standard for students (the previous one was published in 2007, the new one in June 2016) contains many requirements that are directly related to teaching in a flipped classroom. Some of them are listed below:
2. Students should use technological tools in the learning process, as well as "personalize the learning space to deepen knowledge."
3. When studying the material, the student must think critically.
4. It is important not only to study existing materials, but also to be able to "solve problems by creating new solutions."
It is the flipped class model that allows you to most effectively implement these requirements. A special role is played by the requirements for the individualization of the educational space, which cannot be met without pre-casting. Most likely, individualization will be one of the main trends in the education of the XXI century.
The name "flipped class", or flipped classroom, was not chosen by chance - it is understood that everything here is not the same as in a regular lesson. According to this concept, students study theory at home, before class. And in the lesson itself, they work it out in practice under the guidance of a teacher.
The technique was invented in 2007 by Jonathan Bergman and Aaron Sams, chemistry teachers at an American school. Later, other subject teachers also began to use it.
Why you need a flipped class ?
There are many shortcomings in regular classes. Here are some examples.
If a student has not understood something from a theory, it is difficult to make up for it. At the lesson, the teacher is in a hurry to present the material in such a way as to have time for everything. Often this is not enough for a full explanation of the topic, and the child does not keep up with the pace of the teacher's explanations. Or time is spent on organizational issues and disassembly about discipline, and it only comes to a new topic at the end of the lesson. Students go home with many of questions - they have to call their parents, connect tutors and try to understand what the essence of the material and homework is.
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The solution offered by the flipped classroom is that the theory is presented before the lesson, and the student can spend as much time studying it as it takes - at least five times to review the lecture and make several notes. This makes the material easier to understand.
There just isn't enough time for practice. And it is more important than theory. It is possible to draw an analogy with any profession: for a surgeon, it is not the number of scientific papers read that matters, but the number of successfully performed operations.
The solution offered by the flipped classroom is that every lesson is dedicated to practice. Schoolchildren do not have questions about how to solve problems in homework, because each is sorted out together with the teacher in the classroom. The result is that students are able to apply knowledge in practice.
Lessons are often structured in the same way. The study goes in a boring circle: the teacher chewed on the topic, the child tried to solve the homework at home, there were a lot of questions left, it's not clear who to ask. New formats and interactive are rarely connected.
The solution offered by the flipped classroom: variety of formats and activities. The theory can be submitted in the form of paragraphs, articles, videos, presentations, links to relevant textbooks. Some teachers record their own video lectures and send them as theory to students so that they can analyze the topic at home and come to class prepared .
Other teachers, on the contrary, believe that children should learn to search for information and process it themselves, and do not provide specific materials for study, but only name the topic. Then the student's task is to independently find theoretical material and come to the class of the flipped class.
Practice can take the form of quizzes, games, master classes, projects, discussions, simulations, analysis of tasks and cases, experiments and experiments.
So far, there is not enough research on how effectively the flipped class solves problems. But teachers who are already working on the new system note that students show decent academic results.
Advantages and disadvantages of the flipped class
Here are some pros and cons of this unusual system .
Pros
- Students learn the material at a comfortable pace. The flipped class allows you to spend as much time on studying the topic as it takes to understand. The student can pause or rewind the lecture recording at any time.
The flipped classroom develops independence and the ability to get to the bottom of things.
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- Schoolchildren are more adapted to solving practical problems than to theoretical positions. They clearly know how to apply knowledge in practice.
- If you skip a lesson in a flipped classroom, you will still gain knowledge by studying theory at home.
Minuses
- "Assigned verbally means not assigned." If a child is not too familiar with the concept of a flipped classroom, it may be unaccustomed to rearranging.
- The concept implies that you really need to prepare for the lesson. You can't just come to class and wait for everything to be explained to you.
- You can't quickly ask questions to the lecturer when you watch a lecture at
home.
It is believed that such a technique compensates for the shortcomings of the traditional educational system: in particular, the lack of time to explain the theory and the inability of students to apply knowledge in practice.
The success of the flipped methodology depends on the synergy between teacher and students and requires constant motivation before, during and after learning. It is unlikely that this concept will become ubiquitous in the coming years - but it is already becoming popular.
REFERENCES
1. Fautch J. M., (2015), The flipped classroom for teaching organic chemistry in small classes: is it effective? Chem. Educ. Res. Pract., 16, 179-186.
2. Goodwin B. and Miller K., (2013), Evidence on flipped classrooms is still coming in, Educ. Leadership, 70, 78-80.
3. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psy.
4. http s://www .intechopen.com/chapters/5813.
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