CC BY
15УДК 62
Демиденко Владислав Константинович Demidenko Vladislav Konstantinovich
Студент Student
Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики» National Research University «Higher School of Economics»
РАЗРАБОТКА УСТРОЙСТВА ВОСПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ И ВИДЕО С ГИБКИМ ДИСПЛЕЕМ ДЛЯ РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ НА ОДЕЖДЕ
THE ELABORATION OF DEVICE TO PLAYING PICTURES AND
VIDEOS WITH FLEXIBLE DISPLAY FOR PLACING AT
CLOTHES
Аннотация. В данной статье представлен обзор и анализ существующих инженерных концепций и технологий для создания интерактивного дизайна одежды; рассмотрены методы, позволяющие применить технологии к созданию интерактивного дизайна, а также аппаратные и программные средства, позволяющие их воплотить. Итогом работы является прототип интерактивной одежды с гибким дисплеем, на который выводятся изображения. В первую очередь устройство призвано дать новые возможности к созданию образа в уличном стиле одежды, а также рассматривается ее коммерческий путь, направленный на то, чтобы расширить возможности рекламодателей на размещение рекламы (замена картонных билбордов, размещение людей с рекламой в ранее недоступных для этого местах).
Abstract: This paper provides an overview and analysis of existing engineering concepts and technologies for creating interactive fashion design. The methods that allow us to apply technologies to the creation of interactive design, as well as hardware and software tools that allow them to be implemented, are considered. The result of the work is a prototype of interactive clothing with a flexible display on which images are displayed. First of all, the device is designed to give new opportunities to create an image in the street style of clothing, and also considers its commercial path, aimed at expanding
X Международная научно-практическая конференция the ability of advertisers to place ads (replacing cardboard billboards, placing people with ads in previously inaccessible places).
Ключевые слова. LED экраны, микроконтроллеры, гибкий дисплей.
Keywords: LED screens, microcontrollers, flexible display.
INTRODUCTION
In the modern world, with the development of technology, multifunctional gadgets are gaining more and more popularity. These include clothing that interacts with the environment, perceives signals from outside, processes the information received, and reproduces responses. Clothes with interactive features is a prospect for many areas, such as medicine, the military, sports, as well as advertising, and fashion.
It is supposed to create a wearable device that is connected to a smartphone via Wi-Fi to transfer images or videos to the device's microSD card. The image/video is displayed on a flexible display that is integrated into the everyday wear element. Autonomous operation of the device must be provided for a period of up to 6 hours with the possibility of recharging during operation from the power-bank.
Nowadays, the market offers a significant number of relatively similar devices, projects, and various concepts of clothing and accessories for solving everyday tasks, tasks in the field of fashion or advertising, but their high cost, complexity in manufacturing, and sometimes certain difficulties in operation make the market open to new solutions.
The developed complex will take into account all the disadvantages of existing solutions and turn them into advantages: easy to use, optimal implementation complexity, cheapness in comparison with similar devices, with not inferior characteristics.
Based on all of the above, the developed software and hardware complex will be in demand.
It is expected that the creation of the device will take place in several stages. At the first stage, the selection of the optimal components for the implementation of the system will be carried out by reviewing and analyzing the relevant offers on the market, as well as selecting tools and methods for developing interactive clothing with the ability to visualize images. To do this, an analysis of existing solutions with similar functional characteristics will be carried out in order to take into account the existing experience. Then the stage of technical implementation of the device will follow. The last step is to test and debug the created device.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Expanding the information function of clothing and accessories through the introduction of technical means is one of the most promising areas. It is given a lot of attention and, at the moment, the development is aimed at creating unusual images, collecting data on the physical standing of a person, expanding the functionality, and simplifying human life.
The scientific work of M. L. Mauriello, M. Goebbels, and D. E. Froelich describes in detail [1, p. 37] the method of introducing LED screens in sportswear and their impact on the achievements of athletes. To analyze the degree of usability and evaluate the efficiency of existing LED panels under the specified conditions, an LED matrix display, an electronic ink display (eink), and another matrix display, but with a wider resolution, were selected. The main purpose of the introduction of light technologies, the authors identified the collection and display of information about the state of athletes using sensors connected to the panels by a wireless network. According to the results of the experiment, the authors concluded that the matrix display with a wide resolution on a black background has the best characteristics suitable for wearing screens by athletes in the open air. The information on this screen is clearly visible in natural light and in sunlight, the image is clear and bright, and the display itself is light and does not cause discomfort during usage.
Students and scientists of the University of Lapland proposed [2, p. 78] the introduction of LED-screen in office clothing in order to stimulate the physical activity of employees. Through an application that tracks the movement of the carrier, signals are wirelessly displayed on the panel, having a stimulating effect on the person and allowing him to monitor his health.
J. McCann highlights [3, p. 53] the special demand for wearable technologies in the fashion industry. The article provides an overview of the presence of interactive clothing in the fashion industry. In addition, there is an overview of several commercial companies that produce clothing with interactive design and integrated technologies.
Weizhen Wang, Nagai Yukari, and Yuan Fan also consider [4, p. 105] the introduction of interactive clothing in the fashion industry. The article contains data on the demand for interactive technologies in the future, as interactive fashion design emphasizes individuality, creates an emotional surge in others.
To create a prototype of smart clothing, it is important to choose the hardware base for controlling an interactive display, whether it is a singleboard computer or a microcontroller. To better control the design and components of the hardware complex, it is better to use mockups and a microcontroller. Ankit Maslekar, Aparna K, Mamatha K, Shivakumara T are exploring [5, p. 12] the use of a single-board computer such as the Raspberry pi as the main control unit due to its compact size and image libraries. For powering the hardware complex, you should also consider using batteries such as LiPoly, Li-Ion, or AA. In addition, to create a complete system, you may need: a Bluetooth modem, a plastic or nylon case, a diffusion layer, if necessary, as well as wires and cables for connecting power and data transmission.
METHODS
«Научные исследования и инновации» To program the LED matrix and control the output images, it is necessary to choose the appropriate hardware solution that would provide the necessary functionality. The role of such a device can be either a microcontroller or a single-board computer. The most popular solutions on the market are Arduino microcontrollers and Raspberry Pi microcomputers. The advantages of these devices are a small size and performance power, which allows you to process a large amount of data, receive and send signals using external inputs, etc. Arduino microcontrollers and Raspberry Pi singleboard computers can be used to program the LED matrix, but they have significant differences in configuration.
As the main criteria for choosing a microcontroller / single-board computer, the following were selected: availability of Wi-Fi, price, processor speed, amount of RAM, the size of the device, weight, availability of ADC.
The presence of a Wi-Fi module is necessary to download interactive images remotely, without the need to connect the device via a USB cable. No Wi-Fi, a wireless connection can be available only when you purchase separate modules, the price of which is approximately comparable to the price of the Board, as the size of the module, which increases the costs of the project and increases the main part of the hardware in sizes that affects the aesthetic component of interactive clothing. The price criterion is one of the main ones when choosing microcontrollers and single-board computers since the cost of the selected device will significantly depend on the cost of the entire hardware complex. The more expensive series of devices include more interfaces, and the technical characteristics, such as clock speed and RAM, are better. But to solve the problem of image visualization, you often do not need a large number of different interfaces, as well as a large amount of computing power, which increases power consumption and, accordingly, increases the frequency of changing batteries or the frequency of charging the battery. The following criteria for selecting a suitable device were its
size and weight. The smaller the size, the less noticeable the controller will
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X Международная научно-практическая конференция be on the clothes. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is used to read and convert the voltage to a specific digital value. Since the matrix will be controlled via digital outputs, the presence of an ADC in the selected microcontroller or single-board computer is also extremely important.
Programmable LEDs require 5 V (± 10%) input power, and each LED pixel consumes up to 60 mA at maximum brightness. The power supply can consist of four 1.2 V batteries or a 5 V AC adapter. The pins of the board, the voltage on which can exceed 5.5 V, should not be used, as this may damage the LED pixels. For designs with a large number of LEDs, you can resort to connecting several power sources through equal segments of the circuit, which will help in reducing energy consumption. For example, such a design will help if you need to turn on a small number of LEDs, or if you do not need high brightness.
To create a software and hardware complex for image visualization with programmable LEDs, three main systems are required: a programming environment on the control computer; a microcontroller or single-board computer on which a pre-written program will be executed, and a control chip for each LED pixel.
ANTICIPATED RESULTS
It is expected that the work will present a software and hardware
complex, with the ability to receive and transmit data and visualize them on
clothing, allowing you to change the style of clothing, communicate with a
mobile phone via Wi-Fi and a personal computer. The hardware part of the
complex consists of a flexible display, which is a matrix of programmable
LEDs mounted on a substrate of flexible material integrated into an element
of everyday clothing, such as a jacket or jeans, a battery pack, a microSD
storage device, and a control board that provides data processing and
transmission to the display, which, in turn, reproduces the received graphic
information. The use of a programmable LED matrix is explained by its
capabilities, it is an ordered set of address LEDs, where each LED consists
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«Научные исследования и инновации» of an RGB LED and a controller: there is already a controller with three transistor outputs inside the LED. Through this device, it is possible to control the color of any LED in the matrix and create visual effects. The selection of the control board is carried out according to several criteria, but the choice is for the one that is both compact and technically advanced. The device is expected to have a USB port that provides data exchange with a personal computer and a Wi-Fi module, which, as mentioned above, is integrated into the control board. The software part includes the firmware of the selected controller to control the display. Also, an optional smartphone app will be developed, which will make it possible to wirelessly control the system and exchange information via Wi-Fi.
It is assumed that the development of the application will take place using the tools of the visual application development environment for mobile devices Thunkable. CONCLUSION
Nowadays, the production of interactive clothing is gaining industrial
momentum. Engineering approaches to clothing design are used in fashion,
medicine, sports, and other fields. Based on the analysis of the market,
scientific works, and current innovations in the production of interactive
clothing and clothing with advanced information capabilities, we can
conclude that the introduction of wearable lighting technology is one of the
promising areas of development with great potential since the information
displayed on the displays can be very different - from the pulse of a runner
and the distance he ran to danger signs on special clothing of workers. In
addition to pragmatic goals, the development of interactive clothing can also
be used as a creation of a simply impressive wardrobe item. It should be
emphasized that the functionality of clothing covers much more than the
appearance. Smart materials and various sensors help clothing analyze the
human condition, clothing can react and change depending on the external
conditions and the wishes of the user. In present work, the existing devices
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X Международная научно-практическая конференция from the category of wearable technologies for visualization were analyzed, the proposed composition of the system being developed was described, brief arguments were given regarding the development methods, and the expected results of the project were described. In the future, the capabilities of the system can be expanded by introducing additional components into its composition or replacing them with more advanced ones, as well as improving the algorithms, this will make it possible to use this software and hardware complex in more specific areas, for example, medicine.
References:
1. Mauriello M., Gubbels M., Froehlich J., Social Fabric Fitness: The Design and Evaluation of Wearable E-Textile Displays to Support Group Running, Departament of Computer Science// CHI 2014. May 2014; DOI: 10.1145/2556288.2557299
2. Harjuniemi E., Colley A., Rytilahti P., Li H., Forest J. Hakkila J. Idle stripes shirt: ambient wearable display for activity tracking// ISWC' 18 Proceddings of the 2018 ACM International Symposium on Werable Computers, October 2018; DOI: 10.1145/3267242.3267303
3. McCann J., Bryson D., Smart Clothes and Wearable Technology, February 2009; DOI: 10.1016/B978-1-84569-357-2.50024-1
4. Weizhen W., Yukari Y., Yuan F. Human-centered design blending smart technology with emotional responses: case study on interactive clothing for couples, International conference on engineering design, 2018; DOI: 10.21278/idc.2018.0302
5. Maslekar A., Aparna K., Mamatha K., Shivakumara Tuppada. Smart Lighting System using Raspberry PI International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2015; DOI: 10.15680/IJIRSET.2015.0407011
