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2. Лайл М., Спенсер-мл. и Сайн М. Спенсер. Компетенции на работе. Пер. с англ. М: HIPPO, 2005. - 384 с.
3. Львов Л.В., Перевозова О.В. Феномен конкурентоспособности в профессиональном образовании менеджеров / Мир науки, культуры, образования. 2010. № 1. С. 169 - 178.
4. Перевозова О.В. Экономические потери организаций реального сектора бизнеса вследствие недостатков профессионального образования менеджеров / в сборнике: Финансовая политика инновационного развития России: проблемы и пути решения. Сборник материалов Всероссийской научно-практической конференции. Ответственный редактор И.А. Белолипцев. 2015. С. 54 - 57.
© Прозорова Г.А., Перевозова О.В., 2017
UDC 378.147:347.176
Timofeeva N. A., Docent Malysheva N. A., Senior Lecturer Bolshakova N. V., Assistant Department of Russian as a foreign language and crosscultural communication Belgorod State Institute of arts and culture
TESTING OF MIGRANTS ON RUSSIAN LANGUAGE (FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF THE TESTING CENTER OF THE BELGOROD STATE INSTITUTE OF ARTS AND CULTURE)
Abstract
In article problems of preparation and conducting the state linguistic and didactic testing of foreign citizens in Russia, questions of creation of conditions for adaptation of migrants in the Russian community are considered.
Keywords
System of levels of proficiency in Russian language, linguistic and didactic tests, structure of standard tests, algorithm of work of the testing center of the Belgorod State Institute of Arts and Culture.
Recent years the problem of preparation and conducting of the state testing of foreign citizens in Russia and abroad acquired big relevance. It is connected with constantly increasing flow of the migrants arriving to Russia. This fact has demanded from the state the development of adequate conditions and criteria of acceptance for foreign citizens in our country. Big migration flows demand from the Russian society and the state the creation of conditions for adaptation and integration of migrants, protection of their rights and freedoms, ensuring their social security and at the same time strict observance by migrants the duties provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
For successful integration of foreign citizens in the accepting community they need not only preparation on Russian as foreign, but also knowledge by them of the history of Russia, its culture, bases of the legislation of the Russian Federation. At the same time the Russian language is considered as the key component of national culture and the main means of adaptation of foreign citizens in Russia.
Inclusion of Russian as foreign language in the world educational space, increase the status of Russian as means of cross-cultural communication and its importance as subject matter were the main task of creation of the Russian system of testing. In 1997 the system of testing on Russian as foreign has been presented to the Association of Language Testers of Europe (ALTE). Thereby the Russian system of levels of proficiency in Russian as foreign has been recognized as the corresponding European system of representation of levels of proficiency in foreign languages.
Linguistic and didactic tests and regional geographic examinations are one of the traditional tools used in any country, attractive to migrants. And Russia goes in the same way today, though a little bit later than the majority of the countries - migratory acceptors. It gives to the Russian testers a unique chance to make use of already available
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foreign experience.
Four leading higher education Institutions (The Lomonosov Moscow State University, RUDN University, the Pushkin State Russian Language Institute and St. Petersburg State University) deal with methodical and organizational issues of linguistic and didactic testing of foreign citizens in Russia. These Institutions have developed system of the Russian state standards of testing on Russian as foreign language (requirements to this or that level of proficiency in Russian as foreign). The centers of testing opening in the other cities of Russia direct the experts to study in these higher education institutions as active use of testing on Russian as foreign in the centers of testing in Russia and abroad has caused the necessity of preparation of large number of experts in this area. Training in the additional educational program "Linguistic and didactic testing" is provided on the basis of the head higher education institutions which organize testing on Russian as foreign. Also, educational and methodical literature and training tests are published in these head higher education institutions.
Development of the system of levels of proficiency in Russian as foreign was conducted according to the following factors:
- motives, being guided by which the foreigner learns Russian;
- urgent spheres and situations of communication for the testing foreigner;
- social and communicative roles which testing foreigner carries out, using foreign language;
- types and sorts of discourses and the functional and style and lexical and grammatical subsystems standing behind them urgent for the testing foreigner.
It is necessary to emphasize that at the development of the system of levels of proficiency of Russian as foreign also motives, purposes taking place when studying Russian which correspond to three extra linguistic situations were considered: the foreigner lives in Russia, the foreigner studies in Russia, the foreigner works in Russia. According to it they single out three real-life big contingents of foreign citizens who learn Russian and have opportunity to pass test for the purpose of determination of the level of proficiency in language: 1) for the studying foreigners they differentiate six certified levels of the general language proficiency: Elementary, Basic, the First, the Second, the Third and the Fourth which correspond to the international levels as follows: TEL/A1, TBL/A2, the first level-1/B1, the second -2/B2, the third-3/C1, fourth-4/C2 (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 - the European scale of foreign language skills); 2) the foreigners living in Russia pass test for the purpose of obtaining permission to temporary residence, the residence permit and nationality; 3) the working foreigners, so-called migrant workers, are tested for the purpose of obtaining permission to implementation of work in Russia in the field of building and communal services, trade or consumer services.
The leading higher education institutions of the country within the Russian state system of testing have developed and published the State educational standards (Requirements) of the above-named levels of proficiency in Russian as foreign. These State educational standards (Requirements) are important standard and methodical documents today for all centers of testing which have opened in the different cities of Russia.
The center of testing of foreign citizens for Russian language at the Belgorod State Institute of arts and culture has been open in 2012 at the department of Russian as foreign language and the cross-cultural communication. Five experts in the field of technique of teaching Russian as foreign language have had training in the RUDN University of P. Lumumba according to 'the Linguistic and didactic Testing' and 'Technique of Holding Integration Examination in Russian, History of Russia and to Bases of the Legislation of the Russian Federation' programs. The center of testing of the Belgorod State Institute of arts and culture is guided in the activity by all standard and methodical documents of the Russian state system of testing and carries out this activities for the following algorithm:
- meeting with employees of the Belgorod migratory service regulating stay of migrants in the Belgorod region for the purpose of obtaining information on potential tested;
- formation of the groups tested according to their status;
- informing tested on the legal questions connected with paperwork on passing of the test and also on the questions connected with the procedure of examination;
- payment tested examination through banks;
- filling of the documents necessary for obtaining the admission to examination (statements, contracts, acts
etc.);
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- testing according to the regulations developed in the head higher education institution (RUDN University);
- processing of examination materials (check of matrixes, filling of reytersky tables, calculation of results in points and per cents);
- entering of data on results of verification of examination-papers in the electronic program;
- sending materials to the head higher education institution (RUDN University);
- receiving by mail the certificates from RUDN University;
- issuing of certificates to the foreign citizens who have successfully passed the test.
The center of testing of the Belgorod State Institute of arts and culture has already four years' experience, and today all categories of foreign citizens pass test here: the students and undergraduates who have arrived to study from the different countries of the world, migrant workers, applicants of permission to temporary residence, the residence permit, nationality.
The standard tests on Russian language developed by the leading higher education institutions of Russia and used in the Center of testing of the Belgorod State Institution of Arts and Culture have the same strict structure. The first part includes five subtests: Subtest 1. "Vocabulary. Grammar"; Subtest 2. "Reading"; Subtest 3. "Audition"; Subtest 4. "Letter" and Subtest 5. "Speaking". The second part contains the methodical recommendations about each subtest including the description of the purpose, structure and contents of the test, the procedure of its carrying out, and also the recommendation about processing and estimation of results of testing. Besides, there is the Appendix. The control matrixes are presented in this Appendix. By means of these control matrixes the calculation of results of testing on subtests "Vocabulary. Grammar", "Reading" and "Audition"; reytersky tables taking into account which results of testing on subtests "Letter " and "Speaking" are estimated; the sounding materials to the Audition subtest and keys are carried out.
At present time (since 01.01.2015 according to the Decree ofthe President of the Russian Federation No. 602) except linguistic and didactic testing on Russian as foreign language the complex examination which is turning on three modules is held: 1. Russian; 2. History of Russia; 3. Bases of the legislation of the Russian Federation. This examination is held according to Regulations of holding complex examination in Russian language, history of Russia and to the bases of the legislation of the Russian Federation developed by the Russian test consortium for migrant workers.
The module on Russian language determines level of proficiency by Russian. It is based on basic level of the Testing on Russian as foreign language linguistic and didactic test and is carried out according to the above-stated scheme of conducting testing on Russian as foreign language. The module on the history of Russia, as well as the module on bases of the legislation of the Russian Federation, consists of two parts: The first part contains the subtest checking knowledge of subject, the second part contains the methodical recommendations about the subtest including the description of the purposes, structures and contents, the procedure of carrying out the subtest, and also the recommendation about processing and assessment of the results of testing. Control matrixes on which calculation of results of testing on the History of Russia and the Bases of the Legislation of the Russian Federation modules is carried out are presented in the appendix.
To the foreign citizens who have successfully passed linguistic and didactic test on Russian as foreign language and successfully passed complex examination in Russian, history of Russia and the bases of the legislation of the Russian Federation the Standard certificate is issued. To the foreign citizens who have not passed examination successfully the Reference which sample is developed by head higher education institution is issued (in our case, it is RUDN).
It should be noted that the vast majority of the foreign citizens who have passed tests in the Center of testing of Belgorod State Institute of Arts and Culture successfully take these examinations, and it becomes reliable guarantee of their comfortable and safe existence in our country.
The preparatory office for foreign pupils who come from the different countries such as Asia, Africa and Latin America works at the faculty of history of art and cross-cultural communication of our higher education institution. All of them after the termination of preparatory office hand over the test on Russian as foreign language of the first certified level. Foreign graduate students hand over the test on Russian as foreign language of the second certified level.
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Recently flows of migrants from the neighboring countries, especially from Ukraine which come to our Center of testing - applicants of permission to temporary residence, the residence permit, nationality, and also the patent for implementation of work in Russia have increased.
Successful activity of the testing Center of Belgorod State Institute of Arts and Culture is in many respects obliged to close and effective cooperation with head higher education institution - the RUDN University of P. Lumumba.
We hope that, being part of the Russian system of testing and being engaged in the solution of problems of preparation and conducting the state testing of foreign citizens in Russia, we make the modest contribution to this noble and extremely responsible business. Literature:
1. Magazine of the Russian test consortium "Russian test: theory and practice. No. 1 2014 - Moscow.
2. T. M. Balykhina. Alphabet of testing. - M, 2012.
©Timofeeva N. A., Malysheva N. A., Bolshakova N. V.
УДК 338
Е.Д. Тогунова
Студентка 3 курса Финансового университета при правительстве РФ, г. Челябинск, Российская Федерация
КОРПОРАТИВНЫЙ СТИЛЬ Аннотация
В данной статье рассматривается вопрос об эффективном управлении корпоративной культурой. Как следует организовать работу в компании, чтобы быть востребованным на рынке? Продвижение корпоративного стиля - ежедневная и кропотливая работа, это работа на имидж, которую нельзя отложить на «потом».
Ключевые слова
Корпоративный стиль, управление, менеджмент, организация.
Профессиональное формирование корпоративного стиля включает в себя большое количество процессов в компании, начиная с формирования миссии и заканчивая образом, который сформируется в глазах потребителей.
Также корпорпоративный стиль отображается на большом количестве разнообразных носителей - от визиток до сайта. Его можно увидеть, например, на: упаковке, типографских бланках, рекламе, фирменной одежде сотрудников, сувенирной продукции - календарях, ручках, блокнотах, в оформлении интерьера офиса.
Теоретически корпоративный стиль предполагает не только ряд визуальных образов, но и способ корпоративной самоидентификации, философия компании, стиль ее существования, линия поведения.
Таким образом, главной целью при создании корпоративного стиля компании, согласно теории, является объединение сотрудников в сплоченый и эффективный коллектив, чтобы повысить качество работы и улучшить общее восприятие бренда со стороны клиентов и партнеров. Единый корпоративный стиль вызывает у потребителя доверие и создает впечатление сильной и процветающей компании, подчеркивает ее индивидуальность. Он помогает компании выглядеть презентабельно перед клиентами и партнерами, а также повышает узнаваемость бренда и увеличивает уровень доверия.
На сегодняшний день вопрос о том, как компании создать ценность для клиентов является одним из
