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JEL: L1, Q11, Q12
DOI: 10.52174/1829-0280_2021 _4_115
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2 Sb'u Jenner M., Understanding the Lender's Share of Grower Contract Pay, January 3, 2002:
3 Sb'u Swatland H.J., Meat Products and Consumption Culture in the West, Meat Science, 86, 2010, tg 80-85:
4 Sb'u Taylor R. and Domina D., Restoring Economic Health to Contract Poultry Production, 2010:
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5 Sb'u Barbut S., The Science of Poultry and Meat Processing, Chapter 2, 2015:
6 Sb'u Hellin J., Krishna V., Erenstein O. and Boeber C., India's Poultry Revolution: Implications for Its Sustenance and the Global Poultry Trade, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 18, 2015:
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Phш^nLpJшh ^nqJhg uщшn4nq Juh шJЬhшhшJmhh mЬuш^hЬphg bh L^pJhp JhuQ (mш4шph Jhu, n^wph Jhu), uцhmш^ JhuQ (hhJhш^шhnLJ, pn^hшJhu, npn2 qb^bprnJ' ^nqh Jhu) U ôn^JpbpfQ (ÖnL^ U ^bgbJnpp), npnhg uщшnJшh öш4шLhЬph ш2^шphnLJ 2шpnLhш^ шбnLJ bh: Chq npnLJ, Juh uщшnJшh öш4шLhЬph шбQ щшJJшhш4np4шö t hh^4bu phш^nLpJшh p^h, шJhцЬu t[ Ь^шJnLmhЬph Qhrç^hmp ш6П^: b^шJnLmhЬph Qh^hшhnLp шбQ hшhqЬgpЬL t phш^^nLpJшh qhnqnLhш^nLpJшh pшpÖpшgJшhQ, hh^h шp^-jnLhfnLJ uцшnnqhЬpQ hшgшhшmh^h фш hhJh4шö uhh^ш^шpqhg шumh-бшhшpшp шhgnLJ bh ^шmшpnLJ шJhцhuh uhh^ш^шpqh, npnLJ Juh uцшn-Jшh öш4шLhЬph шфф Jbô bh: Uш^шJh bpb gшöp U Jh2hh Ь^шJnLmhЬp nLhbgnq bp^phbpmJ, Ь^шJnLmhЬph Qh^hшhnLp Jш^шp^ш^h ш6п^ щш^ш-hш4np4шö, Juh uщшnJшh öш4шLhЬph шбh шщшhn44nLJ t шnш4ЬLшщЬu
pn^hmJuh hw24h^> fmhh nP Juh JjnLu mbum^hbph hmJbJmmnL-
pjmJp mJbhmtdmhh t, m^m m^h pmpôp b^mJrnm rnhbgnq bp^phbpmJ mjrç. JhmnLJp pn^hmJuh gwôp qhn^ ^mjJmhm^npbL ^bhp ^mpnq m^hhmjm t, np mju ^.b^pmJ ^mjJmhm^np^mô t u^mnnqhbph ^nqJhg u^hmm^ Juh hm^m^mm^nLpjm Jp, nph ph^mL^nLJ t np^bu m^h mnnq2, uhhrçmpmp L JhmdmJmhm^ rçhbmh^ uhhrçmJpbpp:
Chrç. npnLJ, ^bpp hmhqmJmhfhbpp ^mjJmhm^npbL bh m2^mp-
hnLJ Juh pnLnp mbum^hbph ôm^mLhbph tm^mh m6p, nph 2p2mhm^hbpmJ m6h mJbhmpmpÔp mbJ^p mpÔmhmqpbL t hbhg pn^hmJuh mpmmrç.pnLpjnLhp: Uju^bu' 2019 p. Juh pnLnp mbum^hbph mpmmrç.pnLpjmh ôm^mLhbpp 1960-m^mh p^m^mhhbph hmJbJmmnLpjmJp m6bL bh 2nLp2 3.5, hu^ 1999 p. hmJbJmrnnLpjmJp1 1.5 mhqmJ (mrçjmum^ 1):
UqjnLum^ 1
LTufi hiudiu2faiuphiujfih iupipiuq.pmpjiuh 0iutfiu[hbph m luâfi ipbdiqbpp7
(6[h ipntihui)
Uufi iphuiutyp 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 1990-2020 pp. dfafrb ipu-pbbiuh inhdiun
Sm^mph Ixinqh 53.9 68.4 56.3 78.9 59.1 89.5 63.0 98.4 65.9 108.6 66.2 119.5 70.5 108.3 1.2 2.53
n^mph 9.6 10.4 11.5 12.8 13.5 14.7 16.0 1.8 ra-^hmJhu 33.1 54.1 68.0 80.9 99.8 116.0 133.6 4.47 Ch^mJbhQ 165.0 199.7 228.1 255.1 287.8 316.4 328.4 2.6
Cum mrçjnLum^h' Juh pnLnp mbum^hbph hmJm2^mphmjhh mpmm^pnL-pjmh ôw^wLhbpp 2020 p., 1990 p. hmJbJmmnLpjmJp, qpbpb ^p^hm^mm^-4b bh: Uuh hmJm2^mphmjhh mpmmrç.pnLpjmh ôm^mLhbpp rç.hmmp^4.nrç. dm-
Jmhm^mhmm^mônLJ m6bL bh mmpb^mh Jh2hhQ 2.3%-n^, phrç. npnLJ' sm-
^mph, ^nqh L n^mph Juh mpmmrç.pnLpjnLhh m6bL t mmpb^mh hmJm^m-rnmu^mhmpmp' 0.9%-n^., 1.6%-n^. L 1.7%-n^, hu^ pn^hmJuh mpmmrç.pnLpjnL-hp' 4,8%-n4.: U.prç.jnLhpnLJ' tm^mhnpbh t Juh hm Jm2^mphmjhh mp-
mm^pnLpjmh ^mnnLg^môpp: Uju^bu' pn^hmJuh mpmmrç.pnLpjmh Jmuhmpm-dhhp Juh mpmm^pnLpjmh phrçhmhmp ôm^mLnLJ 1990-2020 pp. m6bL t m^b-Lh fmh 2 mhqmJ' 21.1%-hg hmuhbLn^ 40.7%-h' h mmppbpnLpjnLh rnm^mph L ^nqh Juh, npnhg Jmuhmpmdhhhbpp h^mqbL bh hm Jw^mmwu^whwpwp' 32.7%-hg Jhh^L 21.5%-n^ L 41.5%-hg Jhh^L 33.0%-n^ (qôm^mml|bp 1):
4bpnh2jmL ^n^n^nLpjnLhhbph hbmLmhpn^. pn^hmJuh mpmm^pnLpjmh ôm^mLp ^hsmp^^nT. dm Jmhm^mhmm4.mônLJ «^hu» m^pmhpmjhh ^Jph phrçhmhmp ôm^mLh Jb2 rnhbgmô Jmuhmpmdhn^. bppnprç. rnbqhg pmpôpmgb t mnm2hh rnbqp: U.prç.jnLhpnLJ' mm^mph Juh mpmm^pnLpjmh Jmuhmpmdhhp
h^mqbL t 33.8%-n4, hu^ ^nqh Juhhp' 20.5%-n^.: hh^ ^.bpmpbpmJ t n^mph Juh mpmm^pnLpjmh Jmuhmpmdhhh, m^m ^hmmp^^nT. 30 mmphhbphh hm-JbJmmmpmp ^mjrnh t L h^mqbL t phrçmJbhp 0.9%-n^.:
7 U^pjnLpp' World Agriculture: Towards 2015/2030. An FAO Perspective, http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y4252e/y4252e07.htm
cn^uLbn ьц u"nsu4sn^3nKb 121
Si^ijuph Jhu Ixinqh Jhu
■ n^i^ph Jhu "
2020
40.7
4.9
Si^^uph Jhu n^ph Jhu
Ixinqji Jhu
Я-¿шщшm^Ьp 1. LTufi hiudiu2faiuphiujfih iupipiuq.pmpjiuh l/iunmgtfiuôfp8
П-ШШЬ|П4 Juh mшppЬp mЬuш^hЬph hшJш2^шphшJhh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh шбh rnbJ^bphg' p^hшJuh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh öш4шLhЬph шпш2шhgh^ шбQ 2шpnLhш^4Ь|.nL t hшU шщшqшJnLJ, U шпш2h^ш mшuhшJJШ^nLJ pп^hшJhuQ Lhhb[nL t uщhmш^nLgшJhh Juh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh, hЬmUшpшp hшU uщшпJшh hшJш2^шphшJhh pшgшpöш^ шпш2шmшpQ:
Ujrç. iu6q щшJJшhш4np4шö t hЬmUJШL hhJhш^шh qnpönhhbpn^.
• pп^hшJuh qhhQ qqшLhnpЬh gшöp t Juh JjnLu mЬuш^hЬph, hшm^ш-^bu' mш4шph U ^nqh Juh qhbphg,
• pn^rnhhbph шбh qnpÖQhpшgQ (1 opш^шhhg Jhh^U Jnpph Qh^ö ^ш-Jшhш^шhшm4шÖQ) шпш^Ь шpшq t JuшmnL JjnLu ^Ьhrç.шhшmЬuш^-hbphg,
• p^hшJuh шpmшqpnLpJшh qnpÖQhpшgh ^шqJш^ЬpщnLJh шфф hb2s t U h^q öш^uшmшp, h mшppЬpnLpJnLh Juh JjnLu mЬuш^hЬph шpmшqpnLpJшh (шhhpшdЬ2m mшpшöfh, oqmшqnpö4nq 2Ph, ^bph nL шд шnnLJhЬpn4),
• hшф Juh uhhrçwjhh npш^hЬph 4ЬpшpЬpJШL Jшprç.^шhg Jb2 шп^ш t rç^^h Qh^|mJ (hшJЬq t, gшöp ^ш|nphш^шhnLpJшJp t U uhhrçw-PШP),
• qnpö^^hmJ pшgш^ШJnLJ bh pп^hшJuh uщшпJшh ^pnhш^шh U J2Ш^nLpшJhh uшhJшhшфш^nLJhЬpQ, npnhf шп^ш bh, ophhш^, ^n-qh Juh щшpшqшJnLJ:
Pшgh ^bpnh2^[ hшhqшJшhfhЬphg, ^bmp t h2b[, np hbp^jmJu Ш2-^шphh pшqJшph4 bp^phbph ^шпш4шpnLpJnLhhЬph ^nrçJhg hpш^шhшg4nLJ t ^nh^pbrn pп^hшJuh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh ^pшhJшh, hn4шhш4np^nLpJшh uшh-JшhhЬph Qhrç.|ШJhJшh hшugЬш^шh ^rçm^^hnLpjmh: ^ш щшJJшhш4np-
t ШJh hшhqшJшhfn4, np pп^hшJuh шpmшrç.pnLpJnLhQ rç.hmшp^4nLJ t np^bu hЬpшпш^шh, шpшq шб шщшhn4nq, phш^шh hhJfn^ шprç.JnLhш4Ьm шpmшrçpnLpJnLhhЬph ^шqJш^ЬpщJшh n|npm (U^L, Чшhшrç.ш, Qhhшumшh, bU' pшqJшph4 bp^phbp), ^hh np ШJu n|npmh qшpqшgJшh dшJшhш^ш^hg JhsnLJhbph шpmшhшJm4nLJ bh шpmшrç.pш^шh qnpÖQhpшgh mшppЬp
О^Ш^^ЬП! hшJш|ЬhmпnhшgJшh pшпöп hш|4.шönLpJшJp: Uiu^u' [nqhurnhí 0Ш^ЬП! ощmhJш|шgJшh U pnLuшuшhhmшпш|шh щшhшh2hЬпh ^шпш^ш-p^h-Lp^h h|шmшnnLJhЬпhg Ь|ЬЬ|пф pra^^Ju! шpmшrç.pnLpJшh n|nprnh Ш2^шпhnLJ t Qh^hmJ ^n2np Jшuhшqhmшg4шö hшJшLhпhЬпnLJ шп-
mшrç.pnLpJшh pn|np щшпpЬпш2П2шhhЬпh hшJш^JpJшJp, np^u JЬ| шп-тш^пш^ш^ Jhш4nп, nph hhfh|h ^шп^-lJ t hшJш|шпqшumЬrçö ninpm' pшqJшp|^ШJhh JЬö ^Ь^тпф np hmJ^jh^ pшqшJh |шN4.шönLpJnLhQ
^pJ^örnJIg фпрп t:
Uju^hun^ Juh mЬuш|hЬпh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh шбв
nL «U"hu» шщпш^рш^ fuJph |шnnLg4шöfШJh^ тЬ^ш2шп^Ьпр, npnhp щшт-!Ьп4.ш0 ЬЬ qöшцшm|Ьп 2-nLJ, hhJhш|шhnLJ щш^швш^пп^шб ЬЬ uщшn-Jшh бш^ш^Ьп! U ^ш^шuhпnLpJnL^^Ьпh, 4.ЬПС фпф-^nLpjnL^-
ЬЬппф
130000 120000 110000 100000 90000 80000 70000
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60000 50000 40000 30000 20000
10000 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Sui|up|i J|u bnqh J^u Йл^Ьш^^и П^^шп! J|u
ОДшщшт^Ьр 2. Ifufi luniubâfrb ipbuiutybbpfr hiudiu2faiuphiujfib uiyiundiub дшфщЬЬрп 199O-2O2O pp. (J[b 1рпЬЬш)9
hh^^u mЬuhnLJ ЬЬр, фтшпЩщ d'шJшhш|шhшm4шôh u^qprnJ' 1990 p., Juh mЬuш|hЬпh JЬ2 uщшnJшh шJЬhшJЬö бш^ш^Ьпв Ш2-
^шphnLJ nL^gb t N-qh J|uQ, npQ uщшnJшh pшgшпöш| JЬönLpJшJp 2-Lp2 31%-n^ qЬпшqшhgЬL t тш^шп! Juh, 2.2 шhqшJ, pra^^Ju! U 7.9 шhqшJ, n^-^шп! Juh uщшnJшh бш^ш^Ьпр: ^hmшпl4.n^. d'шJшhш|шhшm4шôh ЦЬп-2hh' 2020 p., Nnqh Juh hшJш2NшпhшJhh uщшnJшh qЬпшqшh-
gЬ[ ЬЬ тш^шп! Juh uщшnnLJQ 54%-пф п^шп! Ju|hQ' 8.2 шhqшJ, huí шп-^.ЬЬ hшф Juh uщшnJшh qh2nLJ ЬЬ 2-Lp2 22%-пф Chrç. npnLJ,
Nnqh Juh U pra^^Ju! hшJш2NшphшJhh uщшnJшh öш4шLhЬпQ qпЬpЬ hш-^^шп^^ ЬЬ 2016 p. gnLgшhh2hh, ^qJ^n^ 2тП2 118.0 J[h тпЬЬш, nphg hЬmn Nnqh Juh hшJшNшnh uщшnnLJh Ш2NшпhnLJ u^u^ t to^q^, huí p^^Ju! uщшnJшh бш^ш^Ьп! шбQ 2шpnLhш|4.Ь|. t: Uiu^u' ЬpЬ фтшп^-
сп^иъьп ьц ипзичзп^зпкь 123
^nq 3Q-ШJJШ d■шJшhшlшhшm4шönLJ mш4шph Juh hшJш2^шphшJhh ищш-nmJh шбЬ[ t 1.5 ш^ш^ ^nqh Juh^Q1 1.7, hul n^шph Juh^Q1 2mp2 2 ш^-qшJ, ш^ш pn^^Juh uщшnnLJh шбЬ[ t 4.6 шhqшJ: UpqjnLhfnLJ' uщшnJшh mшpЬlшh шб^ Jh2h^ sbJ^Q ^qJ^ t QÙrçwJbÙQ Juh qb^fnLJ' 2.7%, шш-^ph Juh qb^fnLJ' 1.3%, ^nqh Juh qb^fnLJ' 1.9%, n^шph Juh qb^fnLJ' 2.4%, hul pn^^Juh qb^prnJ' 5.4%:
Uju^^un^' 199Q p. h ^bp Juh mЬuшlhЬph uщшnJшh 0ш^ш[-
^bp^g шб^ шJЬhшpшpÖp mbJ^bph nL^bgb[ t hb^g pn^^Juh uщшnnLJQ, h^Q h^Jf t шш^ Ь^рш^Ь!^, np шJu JhmmJh шпш2Ь^ш mшuhшJJшlnLJ 2шpnLhшl4Ь|nL t' цшjJш^ш4np4шö prç^Juh uщшnJшh, ^pq П.hmшpl4шö ^Ш^ШUhpnLpJnL^^Ьph, J2Ш^nLpШJh^, ш^ш^трш^ фnфn^nLpJnL^^Ьpn4: Pшgh ^tihg, ш^ iu6q цшjJш^ш4npЬL ЬЬ ^ши шд qnpönhhЬp, npnhg JЬ2 hшpl t ^2Ь[ JhшJ^ hшф Juhg цшmpшum4nq nLmЬumhЬph nLqrçmp^Jp Jшu^шqhmшg4шö nЬumnpшhhЬph mшpшönLJh ш2^шphnLJ (oph^l' KFC): ЬЬ ^ши ^p2h^ 3Q mшph^Ьph Q^pшgfnLJ pn^^Juh шp-mшrç.pnLpJшh U hpшgJш^ n|npmmJ тЬф nLhЬgшö фnфn^nLpJnLhhЬpQ, 1шц-^шб pn^^Juhg hnp шpmшqpшmЬuш^^Ьph шnш2шgJшh hЬm, npnhp hшh-rç^u Ь^ qшLhu np^u 4ЬpшJ2шl4шö шpmшqpш^f U rçwnhmJ pn^^Juh ш^ш^^ш^ш^ шpmшqpш^fh uщшnJшh шJLQ^mpш^f^Ьp:
U^tyU 2QQQ^^h p^m^h^pQ p^^JhuQ1 шnш4Ь|шщЬu hшф JhuQ, ^шбшп^Ь t hhJ^^hmJ шJpnq2ш^ш^ hшф ^upn^: Oph^l' ш^ ^ш-Jш^ш^шhшm4шönLJ UUL-mJ hшф Juh hpшgJшh 2nLp2 85 mn^nuQ ^ш-бшпф[ t hЬhg шJpnq2ш^ш^ hшф ^upn^: hul ^p2h^ 1Q sшp4ш Q^pшg-pmJ hшф Juh' шJpnrç2ш^шh hшф ^upn^ hpшgnLJQ ^qJmJ t Qùrç^ùmp hpшgJш^ 1Q mn^nuhg t[ фnfp JшuQ: ^p^jnLJu uщшnnфЬph шпшЦЬ|ш-^u ^^QhmpmJ Ь^ 0Ьпр pЬpЬL hшф Jhu n^ pЬ шJpnq2ш^шh, шд шпшЬ-¿ф1| JшuЬpn4, U ш^ JhsnLJQ mшpшö4ЬL t шJpnq2 ш2^шphnLJ: ^^pUu, шJU hш^qшJш^fQ LpшgnLgh^ шqrç.шl t hшhrç.huшgЬL hшф Juh uщшnJшh 6ш-^i^ph шбh hшJшp:
и^тиш^ 2
ffn^biudufi hiudiu2faiuphiujfib ui^iundiub luniuçiuipiup bp^pbbpp, bptypbbpfr ¡vJpbpp 199O-2O2O pp. (ф српМш)'0
199O 1995 2OOO 2OO5 2O1O 2O15 2O16 2O17 2O18 2O19 2O2O
b^ 6.1 7.1 UUb Ю.1 11.8 8.Q 9.2 9.8 11Ю 11.4 11.4 11.8 13.8 15.9 16Ю 17.4 17.8 18.1 18.4 с-) en OC QO Qn Q A QO 11.8 12Ю 18.9 19.1 1П 1 1 п п
Ppшqhlhш 2.1 3.7 Qh^wurnmb 3 9 8.4 /"r.^X ........ Л. Г\ Л C\ G. 5.2 5.2 8.5 9.3 9.2 У.4 У.3 12.2 13.4 16.8 18.3 19.1 19Ю 2Q.Q ПП 1/1 ПО QQ OC QQ /11 IQ.I IQ.Q 22.7 24.8 АО Я
<.UI|.LjLUUUILUU U.t n-T- 1.5 VJ.V 1.8 W.C7 I .t «J..J О.О о.и 1.5 2.8 3.2 4.3 4.3 4.6 t. 1 4.6 4.2 3.8 4.5 4.6
2upqugnq 16.3 27.2 Ьpl|pbЬp 3Q.8 36.7 39.7 45.Q 46.1 46.7 48.Q 48.5 49.2
2upquguô ЬplpbЬp OECD 12.1 16.3 27.2 27.3 37.4 32.Q 43.6 37.3 59.7 39.8 69.6 44.8 71.3 46.2 74.3 46.8 76.8 48.2 81.6 48.8 82.8 49.4
U2^uph 28.4 54.3 68.1 8Q.4 99.4 114.5 117.8 121.Q 124.7 13Q.1 132.Q
ra-^hшJuh ищш^ш^ öш4шL^Ьph шбр1 hhJh^ô hш^шuhpnLpJnLhhbph, шLJphbph, hh^bu hшU uщшnnrçhbph 2P2шhnLJ p^hшJuh npш|ш|шh U uhhrçwihh hшm|nLpJnLhhbph Jшuhh щшm|bpшgnLJhbph 4.bpшhшJJшh шprç.JnLh£nLJ 4.шp£шqöшJhh фnфn^nLpJnLhhbph фш, qqшLhnpbh pnLLшgpЬL t Juh mbuш|hbph phmpnLp^h ^^^önLpjrnhp b^Jmrnhbph JbönLpjnLhhg (ршф np hшJmhh t, np ш4шhrç.шpшp pшpöp b^JnLm rnhbgnq bp|phbph U p^^mp^h ^Jpbph hшJшp шпш^Ь Ьш^шщштфф bh brçb[ Juh шпшф-|m^bu ^pJhp mbuш|hbpp): П-hmшp|4.шö 30 mшp4ш phpшg£nLJ qqшLhn-pbh JböшgbL bh p^hшJuh uщшnJшh öш4шLhbpp hbhg qшpqшgшö U pшpöp b^Jmrn rnhbgnq bp|phbpnLJ: Uju^bu1 bpb 1990 p. qшpqшgшö U qшpqш-gnq bp|phbpnLJ pn^^Juh uщшnJшh öш4шLhbph шщшhn4bL bh pn^^Ju^ hшJш2^шphшJhh uщшnJшh hшJшщшmшu^шhшpшp' 42.6%-p U 57.4%-p, ш^ш ш^ hшJшJшuhnLpJnLhh шprç.bh 1995 p. hш4шuшp4bL t, hu| 2020 p. qшpqшgшö bp|phbph шщшhn4bL bh p^hшJuh hшJш2^шphшJhh uщшnJшh 62.7%-p, hu| qшpqшgnq bp|phbph Jшuhшpшdhhh h2b t Jhh^U 37.3% (qöшщшm|bp 3):
150
S7.4 50 45.2 45.6 3QQ 39 3 mi 38.6 38 S 37.3 37.3
19 90 19 95 200 0 200 5 2010 2015 2 016 2 017 2 018 2 019 2 020 ■ bp|phbp ■ 2шpqшgnrç_ bp|phbp
ОДшщшт^Ьр 3. Qiupqiugnq U qiupqiugiuà bptypbbpfi pn^biudufr uiyiundiub liiuubiupiudfibp hiudiu2faiuphiujfib ui^iundiub [ibq.hiubnLp óiuiliuinLÚ 1990-2020 pp.11
bpb qшpqшgшö U qшpqшgnq bp|phbpnLJ p^hшJuh uщшnJшh hbpp hшJшrç.pbh£ ш^ bp|phbph phш|^nLpJшh p^h U ^bp2hhhu ш6h mbJ^b-ph hbs, ш^ш JhmnLJp, np pшpöp b^Jmrnhbpn^ bp|phbpnLJ Juh pn|np mbuш|hbphg hш^шщшm4nLpJnLhp mшLhu bh hbhg p^hшJuh uщшnJшhp, U np rçw цшJJшhш4np4шö ^t 4.bp2hhhu gшöp qhn^., шпш^Ь phrç.qô^ô ^^шп-hш:
Uju^bu1 1990-2020 pp. ш2^шphnLJ phm^mpjmh Jb| 2^h hu24.n4 Juh mmpb^mh uщшnJшh öш4шLhbph ш6Ь[ bh qpbpb 60%-n^ 21.3 |q-hg hшu-hb|n4 34 |q-h:
11 ^2^pl|hbpQ L|i^mi^pb[ bh hbl^]^hшl|hbp|^: S4JШ[hbph шrçpJnLpQ^ https://stats.oecd.org/viewhtml.aspx?datasetcode=HIGH_AGLINK_2021&lang=en#
сп^иъьп ьц ипзичзп^зпкь 125
и^тиш4 3
U.2faiuphmd líufi ipiuppbp ipbuiu/bbpfi umunmdp pbiufampjiub úbl¡ 2b¿fr hui2ilnil 199O-2O2O pp. (l/q)12
ищш- Wiuubiu- ищш- Wiuubiu- ищш- Wiuubiu- ищш- Wiuubiu-
nniÚQ ршё^Ър nniÚQ ршё^Ър nniÚQ ршё^Ър nniÚQ ршё^Ър
(4ч) (%) (4ч) (%) (4ч) (%) (4ч) (%)
Su^uph Jhu 6Ю7 28.5% 6.75 22.8% 6.57 19.9% 6.33 18.6%
Inqh Jhu 9.3 43.6% 11.38 38.5% 12.17 36.8% Ю.88 32Ю%
n^mph Jhu 1.26 5.9% 1.65 5.6% 1.7 5.1% 1.82 5.4%
ß-^buiihu 4.69 22Ю% 9.81 33.1% 12.64 38.2% 14.98 44Ю%
СЬ^шЛ^ 21.32 29.59 33.Q8 34Л1
hl^^u mЬulnLJ ЬЬр, qhmшpl4n^. d■шJшlшlшhшm4шönLJ, pшgшpÖшl JЬönLpJшJp, JЬl 2^h hш24n4 uщшnJшl öш4ш||Ьph 2шpnLlшlшlшl шб ш^1ш t JhшJЬ pn^^Juh U n^wph Juh цшpшqшJnLJ, hul mш4шph U ^nqh Juh uщшnnLJQ mшppЬp mшphЬЬphg uluЬL t l^q^: Clrç. npnLJ, щЬтр t ^2Ь[, np 2Q2Q p. COVID-19 hшJш4шpшln4 щшJJшlш4np4шö uшhJшlшфш-lrnJl^ph шqrç.ЬgnLpJnLlQ Juh pn|np mЬuшllЬph uщшnJшl фш nL^g^ t JhUtinLjti шqrç.ЬgnLpJnLlQ, U, pшgh qpшЬhg, mш4шph U ^nqh Juh uщшnJшl öш4ш||ЬpQ 2Q2Q p. qpЬpЬ hшJQlllnLJ ЬЬ 2Q19 p. gnLgшlh2lЬph hЬm (2Q2Q p. ш^1ш t шЬ12шЬ шllnLJ), murnh фp2hln4 ^h ^pnq щш^шЬш-^np^ô ф^Ь Juh mju ЬplnL mЬuшllЬph uщшnJшl öш4ш||Ьph шllnLJQ: Sш4шph Juh' JЬl 2l^h hш2ф4 uщшnnLJl ш2^шphnLJ uluЬL t l^q^ n^Uu 2QQQ-шlшllЬph lЬuЬphg ^^^i^qn^! uщшnnLJl шpÖшlшqpфL t 2QQ6 p.' 6.88 lq), hul JЬl 2l^h hш2ф4 ^nqh Juh uщшnJшl бш^шф l^qnLJQ ulu^nLJ t 2Q16 p. ^^^i^qm^ uщшnnLJl шpÖшlшqp4ЬL t 2Q16 p.' 12.62 lq): ЩЬфЬ, шJpnq2 ш2^шphnLJ COVID-19 hшJш4шpшln4 щшJJшlш4np-^шб uшhJшlшфшlnLJlЬph hЬmUшlfn4 шlqшJ 2Q2Q p., 2Q19 p. hшJЬJш-mnLpJшJp, Juh pn|np mЬuшllЬphg JhшJl pn^^Juh щшpшqшJnLJ t u^un-Jшl шб шpÖшlшqp4ЬL. Juh JjnLu pn|np mЬuшllЬph uцшnnLJQ JЬl 2^h hш24n4 l^q^ t: Ujuhlfl' ^pnq ЬЬр шpÖшlшqpЬL, np qhmшpl4n^. d■шJш-lшlшhшm4шönLJ p^^mp^l JЬl 2^h hш2ф4 Juh uцшnJшl öш4ш||Ьph 59.5% шбh 2nLp2 ^ul шщшhn4ф[. t pn^^Juh uцшnJшl hш2фl:
hl^^u шprç.Ьl ^2Ь[ ЬЬр, lшpUnp t qhmшplЬL hшlqшJшlfQ, np JЬl 2^h hш24n4 Juh uцшnJшl öш4ш||ЬpQ, qus ЬplplЬph qшpqшgJшl JшlшpqшllЬph, qqшLhnpЬl mшppЬp ЬЬ: Uiu^u' qшpqшgшö ЬplplЬpnLJ Juh uцшnJшl Jh2hl p^^mp^l JЬl 2l¿h hш24n4 2Q2Q p. 2nLp2
2.6 шlqшJ qЬpшqшlgnLJ t qшpqшgnq ЬplplЬph hшJшlnLl gnLgшlh2Q: hul qhsшpl4nq, 199Q-2Q2Q pp. Qlqqplnq dшJшlшlшhшm4шöh шnшlÖhl шш-ph^phl ш^ mшppЬpnLpJnLlQ JnmЬgЬL t QlqhnL^ Jhl^U 4 шlqшJh (q^-цшmlЬp 3):
7Б 7д дБ дд ББ Бд 4Б 4д ЗБ Зд
-59 66.3 67.5 687 68.8 63.8 50.7 ™о, 33.1 34.4 34.5 34.8 35.1 34.2 274 29.6 31 68.6 34
2Б 2д 1Б 2 '1 3 ■ 26.9 26.8 27.1 273 26.3 21.2 22.5 25 4 ЧИ 182 90 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 26.2
1д
19 2020
OECD J^2hhp
ОДшщшт^Ьр 4. Qiupqiugiuó U qiupqiugnq bptypbbpmd iSufr uiyiunmlp phiufampjiuh ИЬЦ 2^ih hш2ЦnЦ (tyq)13
30 mшp[ш |mp[mÔ£n[ qшpqшgn| bp^phbpmd Juh uщшnnLJр р^ш^-^mp^h Jb^ 2^h hш2[n[ qpbpb ф^шщшт^Ь t. шбр ^qJ^ t 99.4%, nph шJЬhшршpÖph t bp^p^bph JjnLu ^Jpbph hш JЬJшmnLpJшJр: 2шpqш-gшö bp^phbpmJ Jb^ 2^h hш2[n[ Juh uщшnJшh шбр ^qJ^ t 35.3%, OECD-h bp^p^bpnLJ' 35.5%, hш Jш2^шphшJhh Jh2hhh шбр' 59.4%, ш^т-hшhrç.ЬpÖ, ^qmJp qшpqшgшö U qшpqшgn| bp^p^bpnLJ рhш|^nLpJшh Jb^ 2^h hш2[n[ Juh uщшnJшh öш4ш|hЬph Jh2U hu^^^h t' Jh2hhp 3 ш^-qшJ: 2020 p. qшpqшgшö bp^p^bpnLJ рhш|^nLpJшh Jb^ 2^h hш2[n[ Juh uщшnnLJр ^qJ^ t 68.6 |q: 4pbpb hn^h^h t ^ши uщшnnLJр OECD-h bp^p^bpnLJ' 69.3, huL| qшpqшgn| bp^p^bpnLJ шJu gnLgшhh2h Jh2hh шpdЬfр 26.2 |q t: UprçjnLhpnLJ' Juh hш Jш2^шphшJhh uщшnJшh Jh2hh gnLgшhh2P, рhш|^nLpJшh Jb| 2^h hш2[n[, ^qJb[ t mшpЬ|шh 34.0 |q:
Cum шnшhöhh bp|p^bph' Juh uщшnJшh öш[шLhЬph Jh2U hnyh^u шп|ш t ^qmJ: Uju^bu' U1L-mJ Jb| 2^h hш2[n[ sшpЬ|шh u^un-
i[nLJ t 95 |q Jhu, QhhшumшhnLJ' 50 |q, hu| <hrç.|шumшhnLJ' 2.9 |q: <ш-JшumшhnLJ шJu gnLgш^h2P 19.7 |q t: SшpрЬpnLpJnLhhЬpр щшJJшhш[np[шö bh ршqJшph[ qnpôn^^bpn[' Ь|шJnLmhЬph Jш|шprç.ш|, un[npnLjphbp, ш[шhrç.nLJphЬp, npn2 bp|phbpnLJ ^ши щшJJшhhЬp (ophhш|,
PpшqhLhшJh щшpшqшJnLJ)14:
hh [ЬpшрЬpnLJ t рhш|^nLpJшh Jb| 2^h hш2[n[ p^hшJuh uщшnJшhр, ш^ш щЬтр t h2b[, np Juh hш Jш2^шphшJhh uщшnJшh öш[шLhЬph Jb2 pn^hшJuh uщшnJшh Jшuhшршdhhр rç.hmшp|[n| dшJшhш|шhшm[шönLJ шбh шJЬhшршpÖp mbJ^h nLhh pn|np bp|phbpnLJ: 2шpqшgnq bp|phbpnLJ рhш|^nLpJшh Jb| 2h^h hш2[n[ uщшnJшh шбh mbJ^p (5.2%) ш[Ьф ршpöp t qшpqшgшö bp|phbph hшJЬJшmnLpJшJр (3.3%), hh^h шprç.JnLh£nLJ Jh2hh
13 Uipjmpp' OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2016-2025:
14 l^ülinLjph шq^ЬдnLpJшh qhшhшmшl|шhр ui^ünJüh ôш[ш[hЬph [яш sb'u Swatland H.J.,
http://ssu.ac.ir/cms/fileadmin/user_upload/Mtahghighat/tfood/ARTICLES/meat/Meat_products_an d_consumption_culture_in_the_East.pdf
сп^иъьп ьц игзичзп^зпкь 127
^qmJp (mшppbpnLpJnLhp) ш^ bp^phbph ^Jph J^2U ^ш^ш^ш-
^шhшm4шönLJ шЦЪф Фп^ t Juh pn|np mbuш^hbph U phrçwJbhp Juh uщшnJшh hшJbJшmnLpJшJp: Pшgh rç^hhg, qшpqшgшö bp^phbpmJ р^ш^-£nLpJшh Jb^ 2^h hш24n4 p^hшJuh uщшnJшh öш4ш|hbp^ шб^ mbJ^p 2nLp2 3 шhqшJ шЦЪф pшpöp t Juh pn|np mbuш^hbph qnLJшpшJhh uщшnJшh 6ш-^[hbph шб^ mbJ^^g: Cum ш^ bp^phbph Jb^ 2^h hш24n4 pn^^Ju^ uщшnJшh öш4шLhbp^ J^2U ^qmJp фnfpшgbL t' 1990 p. 2.6 шhqшJhg 2020 p. hшuhb|n4 Jnm 2 шhqшJh:
40 30 20 '0 0
28.15 28.72 28.98 29.ee 29.93018
12e4 13.73 13.9e 14.18 144e 1492 1498
11 97 83e 9.81 10 87 12 e4 ,,,,--
4.e9 8 "4^ 9.47 10.31 10.5 10.74 10 9e 1149 1153
^■gg 5.4 e.8e '.43
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ñi^pqi^gi^ó bp^phbp ñirnpqirngnibp^phbp
OECD hirnJi^^irnphirnihh Jh2hh
ОДшщшт^Ьр 5. Phiufampjiuh iSbty 2^ih hiu2^n^ ¡an^hiuluh uiyiunhuh i}hhiulh^luh qiupqiugJiuh ipiuppbp iiiu^iupq.iuty mbbgnq bptypbbpnid (/q/^шр^)
2шpqшgшö bp^phbpmJ p^^mp^h Jb^ 2^h hш24n4 p^hшJuh uщшnnLJp dшJшhш^шhшm4шönLJ ш6Ь[ t 2.5 шhqшJ, hu^ Juh
phrç^hnLp uщшnnLJp, 35.5%-n^: Lnyh^bp^' qшpqшgnq bp^phbpmJ phш^-^mp^h Jb^ 2h^h hш24n4 p^hшJuh uщшnnLJh ш6Ь[ t 4.3 шhqшJ, ш^ rçb^fmJ, bpp тфш[ gnLgшh^2h hшJш2^шphшJhh Jh2hhh шф!^^ t 3.2 шhqшJ:
100%
50%
0%
2mpqmgmô bpl|phbp 2mpqmgn^ bpl|phbp OECD U^mph
■ Ц!ф JjnLu mbuu^hbph ui^rnndrnb hшhpшqnLJшp ■ ß-n^huJuh ui^urniLJ
ОДшщшт^Ьр e. Phiufampjiuh ifbty 2^ih hiu2^n^ ¡an^hiuiuh uiyiunhuh ifiuuhiu-piudhhß iuh pn[np ipbuiu^hbph phtyhiuhmp uimunhuh iSbp 2020 ¡. (L/q)'5
fô-^hrnJuh prnqJrnph^ rnburn^hbphg шpmшrç.pnLpJшh U u^rnnJrnh шпш-Jbô öш4шLhbp rn^rnhn^nLJ t hbhg hшф Jhup: hh^bu шprçbh h2b bhf, uцшnnqhbpp rçw hш^phmpnLJ bh, npn^hbrnU' Jhup t, hшJb| t,
nLhh gшöp |ш|nphш|шhnLpJnLh, uhhrç.шpшp t, tdшh t nL hшuшhЬLh: ^p-|шJшg[шö hшm|шhh2hЬph шJpnq^nLpjnLhp hш[h Juhh, np^u шцpшhfh, mшLhu t шJhцhuh шnшhÖhшhшm|nLpJnLhhЬp, npnhf [Ьp2hhhu, uщшnn|ш-^h mЬuшh||nLhhg, mшpшh2шmnLJ Ьh hh^^u Juh, ШJhщЬu t[ pn^hшJuh шд mЬuш|hЬphg: 4ЬpnqpJШLp hшumшm[nLJ t hшU шJh hшhqшJшhfn[, np pn^hшJuh hш Jш2^шphшJhh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh 2nLp2 90%-р ршdhh t ph|hnLJ hЬhg hш[h Juhh (qöшщшm|Ьp 7):
116,017,161 tl 5,013,274 110,656,936 106,737,431 103,777,327
30,000,000 60,000,000 90,000,000 120,000,000
<tii"jL|iu hui U ш q. ■ Р ш I Сш i[
ОДшщшт^Ьр 7. íd-n¿hiulufr luniuhâfrh ipbuiutyhbpfr hiudiu2faiuphiujfih iupipiuq.pm.pjiuh ôiutfiu[hbpp 2015-2019 /э-p-. (L/q)16
Uju^hun[' |ш!П| Ьhf шpÖшhшqpЬL, np Juh pn|np mЬuш|hЬphg pn^hш-Jhup, hu| p^hшJuh mЬuш|hЬph JЬ2' hш[h Jhup шJЬhшmшpшö[шö U шJЬ-hшLШJh uщшnnLJ nLhЬgn| шpmш^pшhfh t, nph uщшnJшh öш[шLhЬph шбh hh^^u Ш2^шphnLJ, ШJhщЬu t[ шnшhöhh Ьp|phЬpnLJ щшJJшhш[np[шö t ршqJшph[ qnpönhhЬpn[, npnhf ^p^h t ^рш[п!Ь[ mhmЬuш|шh, uhhrçwjhh, J2ш|nLpшJhh, t|n|nqhш|шh U шц ^JрЬpnLJ:
^n^hшJuh/hш[h Juh uщшnJшh hш^шщшm[nLpJnLhp Juh шц mЬuш|-hЬph h|шmJшJp hhJf t шш^ |шh^шmЬuЬ|nL, np Juh hш Jш2^шphшJhh uщшnJшh ^n^g^ó^ фnфn^nLpJшh ^pp h2[шö JhmmJp 2шpnLhш|[Ь-LnL t hшU шпш21|ш mшuhшJJш|nLJ: <шJшÖШJh ^шpЬhh U q^^shm^ urnp^h hшJш2^шphшJhh |шqJш|ЬpщnLpJшh (FAO) 2016 p. |шh^шmЬu-Jшh, pn^hшJuh hш Jш2^шphшJhh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh U uщшnJшh öш[шLhЬph ш61 mЬJщЬpp щЬтр t hшhqЬghЬhh hpшh, np 2030 p^^hhh Ш2^шphnLJ Juh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh U hpшgJшh öш[шLhЬph JЬ2 pn^hh Jhup |шqJЬp u^h-mш|nLgh щшpnLhш|nLpJШJp Juh phrç.hшhnLp бш^шф 40%-h ШJh rç^^mJ, Ьpp mш[шph Jhup ||шqJЬp 20%-p, ^nqh Jhup' 34%-p, hu| n^шph Jhup' 5%-p: Up^h 2020 p. pn^hh Jhuh шщшhn[nLJ t Juh hш Jш2^шphшJhh шp-mшrç.pnLpJшh 40.7%-p, ^nqh Jhup' 33.0%-p, mш[шph Jhup' 21.5%-p, n^шph Jhup' 4.9%-p: Ujuhhfh' JhшJh [Ьp2hh 5 mшpnLJ pn^hшJuh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh n|nprnp ^puUnp^ t «шqpЬuh[» ш61 pш[ш|шhhh pшpöp mЬJщЬp, hh^p, ш^ 2nL2s, 2шpnLhш|[Ь|nL t hшU шщшqшJnLJ:
16 UipjnLpp' http://www.fao.org/faostat/ru/#compare
сп^иъьп ьц u"PSU4sn^3nKb 129
^n^hшJuh Jh2rnqqrnjhh 2nL^ШJnLJ h^m^nq hhJhшlшh JhmnLJhbpp qpbpb rnJpn|2nLpjrnJp u hnLJhnLpJшJp qpuUnp^nLJ bh hшU hшJШumшhJшh 2nL^ШJnLJ: 4bp2hh 15 mrnp^rn phpшgfnLJ CшJШumшhnLJ p^hшJuh, Jrnuhrn-4npшщbu' hшф Juh щшhшh2шplp 2шpnLhш^шpшp шбnLJ t' ^bp2hh mшph-hbphh ^qJ^n^ 55-57 hшqшp mnhhш, nphg, uш^ШJh, JhшJh 20-25%-h t rn^rnhn^nLJ mb^u^h шpmшqpnLpJшh hш2фh: Uju^bu' Juh ^hrnrnp^rnö 4 mbuш^hbphg ^bp2hh mrnphhbphh CшJШumшhnLJ шpmшqp4nLJ t Jh2hhp 100-110 hrnq. mnhhш (qöшцшm^bp 8):
'50
'00
I I I I I 1
50
ímTTmiIIIIIIII
20052006200720082009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Srn^rnph Jhu kinqh Jhu ßnjhuJhu n¡^uph J|iu UJpnqgp
0
Я-¿шщшm4Ьp 8. Wuh luniuhähh ipbuiutyhbph iupiinuq.pmpjm.hp CC-mJ 2005-2020 pp. ^q. 1рпЬЬш)'7
hh^bu mbuhnLJ bhf, qhmшpl4nq dшJшhш^шhшm4шönLJ hrnhprn^b-mnLpjnLhnLJ Juh шpmшqpnLpJшh öш4шLhbpp qpbpb ^p^hrn^rnm^bl. bh (шбp' 92%), rnjq p^nLJ' mш4шph Juh шpmшqpnLpJnLhh ш6Ь[ t 99.4%-n^, ^n-qh Juhhp' 67.0%-n^, n^wph Juhhp' 42.1%-n^, hul p^hшJuh шpmшqpnLpJnL-hp' 2nLp2 2.7 rnhqrnJ: UpmшqpnLpJшh бш^шф Jh2hh mrnpb^rnh шбh pum mbuш^hbph ^qJmJ t. mш4шph Juh qb^pmJ' 4.9%, ^nqh Juh qb^pmJ' 5.7%, n^wph Juh qb^pmJ' 2.6% U pn^hшJuh qb^pmJ' 7.9%:
Uuh шnшhöhh mbuш^hbph шpmшqpnLpJшh öш4шLhbph U ph^^hrnph Jb2 ^bp2hhhbphu nLhbgшö Jшuhшpшdhhhbph шnnLJn4 CC-nLJ шnш2шmшpp mш4шph Jhuh t: Chq npnLJ, qhmшpl4nq dшJшhш^шhшm4шönLJ qqшLh 1ш-nnLg^rnöprnjhh mb|Ш2шpdbp ^bh qpшhg4bL (qöшцшm^bp 9):
17 SnLgrnhh2hbpp hi^^plib bh hb|hhirnl|hbpp « ^^^i^li^pi^!^ l|nJ|imbh (UPUUSUS) hpi^i^!^!^ m4jirn[hbph, Jirnuhirn^npirni^bu' ArmStatBank m4jirn[hbph pirnqirnjh hhJrnh фш: 'тlшphhшJfih шщшhnЦ_nLpJnLh: CC rnqqirnjhh i^irnpbhirnjhh hi^^bl^h^hbph pum i^rnpbhirnjhh шщpшhgшmbuшl|hbph, gnLgшhh2hbph U mшphhbph:
ОДшщшт^Ьр 9. Ifufi luniuhâfrh ipbuiutyhbpfr iupipiuq.pmpjiuh ifiuuhiupiudfrhh phq.hiuhmpfi libç ÇÇ-nid18
hh^^u Ь^штЬф t, п.hmшplфпq 15 тшpфш Qhpшg£ПLJ ^nqh U п^шph Juh шpтшrç.pпLpJшh Jшuhшpшd■hhhЬpQ h^mq^ Ь^, hul тшфшph Juhhh ПL p^hшJuhhQ, ш6Ь[: иш^ш^ шpтшrç.pпLpJшh öшфшLhЬph hhJшh фш Juh шnшhöhh тЬuшlhЬph hш^шщштфпLpJшh U ^ш hhJшh фш uщшnпrçhЬph фшp£шqöшJhh фпфп^ПLpJПLhhЬph фpшpЬpJШL щштlЬpшgпLJQ Jшuhшlh t, U шhhpшdЬ2m t h^sh ПLhЬhшL, np Juh шnшhöhh тЬuшlhЬph Jшuпф CC-nLJ hh£hшpшфLpJшh Jшlшprç.шlhЬpQ ^hus mшppЬp Ь^ Juh пpп2 тЬ-uшlhЬph uщшnJшh öшфшLhЬph Jh qqшLh Jшuh шщшhпффLJ t hЬpJпLÖJшh hш2фh: HLush, ш^ шnпLJпф, шhhpшdЬ2т t п.hтшplЬL Juh uщшnJшh 6ш-фшLhЬph nL hhfhшpш4пLpJПLhQ: Uiu^u1 ЬpЬ п^шph Juh hh£hшpшфLpJПLhQ 2005-2013 pp. ^qJ^ t 100%, hul rç.pшhhg hЬтп gпLgшhh2h t[ шфЬф t pшpÖpшgЬL, U CшJшuтшhQ ulu^ t hшU шpтшhшhЬL п^шph Jhu, ш^ш p^hшJuh щшpшqшJПLJ hhfhшpш4пLpJшh шuтhóшhh шJЬhшgшöph t U ф-тшplфq d■шJшhшlшhштфшöпLJ ^qJ^ t Jh2hhQ 20% (qöшщштlЬp 10):
1S0 100 SO 0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Jhu ^nqh Jhu n^nh Jhu ra-n^Jhu
ОДшщшт^Ьр 1G. fufi ipbuiutyhbpfr lihfhiupiutfmpjmhp ÇÇ-mJ, 2005-2020 pp. (snijnu)19
18 ЗпLgшhh2hЬpQ кн^фц^ Ьh ИЬг^ш^Ьщ] « ^h^w^ugpu^uh ^пJhтЬh (U.PUUSU.S) hpn
тфJШ[hЬph, JшuhшфпpшщЬu' ArmStatBank тфJШ[hЬph pi^qi^jh hhJnh фи 'ш-рЬЬш/^Ь шщшhnlnLpJnLb: CC uqq.ujhh щшpЬhшJhh hш2фЬl2ilnhЬph pus ^шpЬhшJhh шщ-pшhßштЬuшlhЬph, gпLgшhh2hЬph U тшphhЬph:
19 ^йшщшт^т] lnqJ^bL t CC фilfiшlшqpшlшh InJ^i1^!! (U.PUUSU.S) hpшщшpшlшô hЬph, JшuhшфпpшщЬu' ArmStatBank тфJШ[hЬph pшqшJh hhJnh фи: 'ПшphbшJ^b шщшhn-InLpjnLb: CC ш^дш^ ^шpЬhшJhh hш2фЬl2hnhЬph pus ^шpЬhшJhh ш^pшhßштЬuшlhЬph, gпLgшhh2hЬph U тшphhЬph:
Cn^ULbP ьц u"PSU4sr^ra-3nKb 131
UщшnJшh ôrn^Lhbph шnnLJn4 hnLjh^bu qhmшpl4n^. dшJшhшlшhшm-^ômJ t qqшLh шб Juh pn|np mbuшlhbph Jшunф bpb 2005 p. Juh
pn|np mbuшlhbph u^rnftnLJp CC-nLJ ^qJbL t 2nLp2 92.0 hшq. mnhhш, шщш шprç.bh 2020 p. hrnub[ t 175.0 hrnq. mnhhшJh' ш6Ь|п^ Jnm 90%-n^: Urn^jh, h mшppbpnLpJnLh шpmшqpnLpJшh öш4шLhbph, bpp ^ra^g^ö^^h mb-qш2шpdbph ^^h ^bh, Juh uщшnJшh öш4шLhbph шбh mbJ^bph nL ^^hgn^ цшJJшhш4np4шö ^ra^g^ö^^h mbrç^rnpdbpp pш4шlшhhh Jbô bh (qöшцшmlbp 11):
200 '75 '50 '25 '00 75 50 25 0
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мтптптттгг
20052006200720082009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Suii^uiph Jhu
UJpnq^p
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Я-¿шщшm4Ьp 11. Wuh uiyiunhuh àiu^iu[hbph ^Ьш^^шЬ CC-ni, hiuq. 1рпЬЬш20
H-hrnrnpl^nT. dшJшhшlшhшm4шönLJ, pшgшpöшl JbômpjrnJp, u^un-Jшh öш4шLhbph шбp qqrn[h t Juh pnLnp mbuшlhbph щшpшqшJnLJ: UшlшJh шбh шJbhшpшpÖp mbJ^h rnhbgb[ t p^hшJuh uщшnnLJp, npp qhmшpl4n^. 15 mшp4ш phpшgfnLJ ш6Ь[ t 2.2 rnhqrnJ: Sш4шph Juh u^rnnnLJh ш6Ь[ t 75.9%-n^, n^wph Juhhp' 41%-n^, ^nqh Juh uщшnJшh öш4шLhbph шбh gnL-gшhh2P hnLjh^bu pш4шlшh pшpöp t' 2.1 шhqшJ, pbU ^hum mшmшhnтш-^h phnLjp t nLhbgb[: UprçjnLhpnLJ' шбh Jh2hh mшpblшh mbJ^bpn^ p^hш-Juh uщшnnLJp 2nLp2 2 шhqшJ qbpшqшhgnLJ t mш4шph U ^nqh Juh uцшn-Jrnh шбh U Jnm 5 rnhqrnJ' n^шph Juh uщшnJшh шбh Jh2hh mbJ^p цшmlbp 12):
Hp^bu hbmUшhf' Juh uщшnJшh ^n^g^á^ CC-nLJ 2005-2020 pp. trnlrnhnpbh Фп^Ь[ t. 2mp2 4 mnlnuшJhh lbmn^ h^qb t mш4шph U 2 mn-lnuшJhh lbmn^' n^wph Juh u^rnnnLJp, фn^шpbhh ш6Ь[ t p^hшJuh uщшnJшh Jшuhшpшdhhp:
20 ^ôшщшml|bpp l^qJ^b t CC фбшl|шqpшl|шh l|nJhmbh (UPUUSUS) [^ш^ш^ш^й шфш!-hbph hhtfirnh фш, ^uhi^npi^^^ ArmStatBank m^Jirnibbph pшqшJh hhtfirnh фш: 'тlшphhшJfih шщшhnфLpJnLh: CC шqqшJhh i^i^bhirnjlnh hш2фl|2hllhbph pum i^i^bh!^!-^ шщpшhgшmbuшl|hbph, gnLgrnhh2hbph U mшphhbph:
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ОДшщшт^Ьр 12. fufa uiqiundiul Ipunmg^iuógp ÇÇ-md21
Ц"Ь1 2h¿h hш2фпф uщшnJшh öшфшLhЬph фпфп^ПLpJшh rç.hhшJhlшh шпшфЬ[ hшJшhпLh^ t Juh hшJш2^шphшJhh uщшnJшh фпфп^ПLpJПLhhЬphh: Uiu^u1 CшJшumшhQ, pus OECD rç.шuшlшpqJшh, hшJшpфпLJ t qшpqшgпq lшJ ЬlшJпLmhЬph J|2hh Jшlшprç.шl ПLhЬgпq Ьplhp: Phшl^ПLpJшh JЬl 2h^h hш2фпф Juh uщшnJшh бшфцЬЬщ CC-nLJ 2005-2020 pp. шpÖшhшqpЬL Ьh ш6| pшфшlшhhh mцшфпph^ gпLgшhh2hЬp: ЬpЬ 2005 p. phшl^ПLpJшh JЬl 2h^h hш2фпф Juh Qhrç.hшhпLp mшpЬlшh u^!nnLJh шфЬф ^h 2 шhqшJ щш-lшu t qшpqшgшö ЬplphЬph Jh2hh uщшnJшh Jшlшprç.шlhg U hшJQhlhпLJ t h24!Ô gпLgшhh2h hшJш2^шphшJhh Jh2hh JЬöпLpJшh hЬm, ^qJ^n^ 2mp2 30 lq, шщш шprç.Ьh 2020 p. !ju gпLgшhh2пф CC-h QhrçhnL^ JпmЬgЬL t q!p-qшgшö ЬplphЬph Jh2hh gnLg!hh2hh (qöшщшmlЬp 13):
100
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200 5 2 00 6 200 7 2 00 8 2 00 9 2 010 2 011 2012 2013 2 014 2 015 2016 2017 2 018 2019 2 020
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Chl^.шJbh|^ Juh ui^unnLJ|] CC-nLJ Jbl 2h^h Иш2фпф Uu| uщшnnLJQ qшpqшgшô bplphbpnLJ Jbl 2h^h Иш2фпф
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ОДшщшт^Ьр 13. fufa luniuhâfih ipbuiutyhbpfi ищшпт^р ÇÇ-nid1 phiufampjiuh йЬЦ 2W hш2^n^22
21 ЗпLgшhh2hЬpQ hш2фшplЬ[ Ьh ИЬ^^ш^Ьщ] CC фhбшlшqpшlшh InJi1^! (UPUUSUS) hpшщшpшlшô mфJШ[hЬph, JшuhшфпpшщЬu' ArmStatBank mфJШ[hЬph pшqшJh hhJuh фи 'ПшphbшJ^b шщшhnlnLpJnLb: CC uqqujhh щшpЬhшJhh hш2фl2h|1hЬph, pus щшpЬhшJhh шщpшhßшmЬuшlhЬph, gпLgшhh2hЬph U mшphhЬph:
22 ^ôшщшmlЬpQ lшqJфЬ[ t CC фfiшlшqpшlшh InJi1^! (UPUUSUS) hpui^upuluô тф^ш[-hЬph, JшuhшфpшщЬu' ArmStatBank mфJШ[hЬph pшqшJh hhJuh фш: 'ПшphbшJ^b шщшhn-InLpjnLb: CC uqqujhh щшpЬhшJhh hш2фЬl2hnhЬph pus щшpЬhшJhh шщpшhgшmЬuшlhЬph, gпLgшhh2hЬph U mшphhЬph:
сп^иъьп ьо. u"PSU4sn^3nKb 133
CC-mJ Ju^ шртш^рт^ш^ U uщшnJшh тшррЬрт^т^
шщшhnфЬ[. t hЬрJnLÖJшh hш2фh, ршф пр «-hg Juh шрmшhшhnLJ ^h pшgшmLpJшJp n^шрh Juh: Щ^ш^ t, пр hЬрJnLÖJшh Juh mЬuшlhЬрhg шпшзштшрр p^hшJhuh t: 2005-2020 pp. CC-mJ p^hшJuh шJpnq2шlшh шпш2шрф Jb2 ^^р-JnLÖJшh Jшuhшpшd■hhp J2sшщhu qЬршqшhgЬL t hЬр£hh шрmшqрnLpJшh дтдш^2С (Jh2hhp' 4.4 шhqшJ): 'ЪЬрJnLÖnLJ/шрmшqрnLpJnLh hшршpЬршl-gmp^h шJЬhшgшöр gnLgшhh2P t 2006 p.1 2.1, hul шJЬhш-
ршрЙрр1 2011-hb' 7.2: U^bh 2020 p. hЬрJnLÖJшh шртш^.рт-
p^h qЬршqшhgЬL bh шфф рш^ 3.5 шhqшJ: U.рqJnLh£nLJ, ^Ьр-
JmômJh шцшhп4ЬL t p^hшJuh шJpnq2шlшh шпш2шрф (57.9 hшq. mnh-^ш) phrçwJbhp 77.5%-p23 ^бшщштфр 14):
2005 2006 2007 200Ô 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Upinmi]|inLfajnLti, luuq. inntitiiu LbpiinLÔnLii, hmq. mntitiiu Ц.11рпг[2ш1|ш1| шпш2шр1|, luuq. mntitiiu htiptimpmL[nL[ajmti iuum|iiiiuti, %
ОДшщшт^Ьр 14. iupipiuq.pmpjiuh, hbpJmôJiuh, luJpnqçiu^iuh
luniuçiup^fi дшЦш[ЬЬрр U Ihfhiupiutfmpjiuh iiiu^iupq.iu^p «-niii2005-2020 pp.24
bpb фтшр^4пт. dшJшhш^ш2P2шhпLJ p^hшJuh шрmшqрnLpJшh 6ш-^ш^Ьрр ^^ипр^ bh ^jmh ш6h JhsmJ (Jh2hh тшрЬ^ш^ ш6h rnbJ^p' 8.3%) U pum mшрhhЬрh 1трт1 mшmшhnLJhЬр ^bh mhbgb[, pшgшnnLpJшJp, 2009 p., Ьрр hш^nрq тшр^ш hшJЬJшmпLpJшJp h^qb[ bh шфф ^h 30 mn^nun^ цшJJшhш4пр4шö фhhшhuшmhmЬuшlшh 6qhшdшJп4, шщш hЬр-JnLÖJшh бш^ш^рр ^^ипр^ bh ^hus mшmшhnqшlшh 4шрfшqhö:
^bmp t h2b[, пр «-nLJ p^hшJuh pb' шрmшqрnLpJшh U pb' hЬрJnLÖ-Jшh 2тр2 97-98%-p ^qJmJ t hшф Jhup, hul hЬрJnLÖJшh qnрöphpшgh 2P2шhш^hЬрnLJ Jbl шд 1шрипр hшhqшJшhf t шрmшhшhJшh ЬрlрhЬрh ш2^шрhшqрnLpJnLhp, hш2ф пр p^hшJuh, ш^ p^LJ' hшф Juh
23 Sm.guhh2P bh [пЬр^ш^Ьрр' pus qôшщшmlЬр 2-h тфш^р^
24 Ч-Йшщштфрр t CC ^Jhrnbh (UPUUSUS) Ирш^шрш1ш0 тфш[-hЬрh, Jшuhшф^ршщЬu' ArmStatBank тфш^р^! pшqшJh hh^h фш: ^шрЬЬш/^Ь шщшhn-impjmh: CC шqqшJhh щшрЬhшJhh hш2фl2h|1hЬрh pus щшрЬhшJhh шщршhgшmЬuшlhЬрh, gnLgшhh2hЬрh U mшрhhЬрh:
qЬpшl2h^ JrnuQ hЬplp4пLJ t Ь^Ц' шhrç.шJ ^hшhrç.huшgпq ЬplphЬphg щшmlЬp 15):
hh^^u mЬuhпLJ Ьhf, hЬpJпLÖJшh ^ra^g^ö^i JЬ2 JhшJh ^^-h t Ь^Ц' шhrç.шJ Ьplhp: Lpш JшuhшpшdhhQ Qhrç.hшhпLp hЬpJпLÖJшh JЬ2 pш-^^h фп^ t' 2nLP2 16%: иш h2шhшlпLJ t, np, pus JшfuшmпLpfЬph фп-фп^Jшh dшJшhшlшgпLJgh, npQ hЬplшJшg4шö t Ьфшuhшlшh mhmЬuш-lшh hшhöhшd■пrçnф щш2mпhшlшh IrnjpnLJ, 2021 p^^hig Qhmшhh pn^hшJuh U JuшJpЬpfh hЬpJпLÖJшh JшfuшmпLpfQ 22%-|g щЬшр t Т-шп-hшp 50%,25 urn^jh lnqJ|g CC-|h sp^nq p^hrnJuh hЬpJпLÖJшh
f4пmшJh 2P2шhшlhЬpпLJ pшpÖpшgЬL t Jhrnjh 3 mпlпuшJhh ^sn^' J^n^ 25%26:
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Я-¿шщшm^Ьp 15. fд■nibшduft U hluф dufa bЬpdmôdlub ôшЦш[bЬpp 2020 p.1 pus lupipiuhiubdiub ЬptypbЬpfi27
2022 p^lrnhlg Ьppпprç. ЬplphЬphg hшф Juh hЬpJпLÖJшh Jшfuш-uinLppQ ^.ш^шщ t 80%28: ФЬ np^h lihhh f4пmшJh 2ЬJQ, U hh Jшfuш-mпLpfЬp luшhJшh4Ьh ^ш 2P2шhшlhЬpпLJ, humшl ^t, uшlшJh шlhhшJm t, np J!^!^ щшJJшhhЬph 4Ьpпh2JШL фпфп^ПLpJПLhhЬph n^gnLJ CШJШU-mшhпLJ pn^hшJuh шpmшrç.pпLpJПLhQ фш^ш 2шш qpшф^:
Ьqpш^шgmpJnLbbЬp: Uju^hun^' lшpЬ[h t шpÖшhшqpЬ[, np шпш2|1ш шпh4шqh mшuhшJJшlh hшJшp CшJШumшhпLJ шп1ш Ьh p^hшJuh шpmш-
25 S^u http://www.eurasiancommission.org/ru/act/trade/catr/ttr/Pages/default.aspx
26 -P^nsoiji 2P2шhшlQ npn2^nLJ t Jh2lшnшфшpшlшh шJЬhшJJШ hшJшÖШJhшqpп4^ hn^pi^ mшpфш hЬpJпLÔJшh ôшфш[hЬph фи" -10%+10% -Рфилш^ unh-Jnh^nLJ t Qus hЬpJпLÔпqhЬph InqJhg mшpЬulqphh hш^шщЬu rnp^nq hшJmшpшpпLpJПLhhЬ-
ph, uшlшJh фшumшgh hЬpJпLÔПLJhЬpп4 U h2фшô unl-i^hn^^n^ ^фили]!^ шЦЬ[| hЬpJпLÔ-Jnh hlus^^ lipun^nLJ t Jhuuhuluh uшhJшhфшô l^.pпLJgш¿шфQ: 2021 p. p^nsuh CC-| hnJnp uшhJшhф[ t 44 huqup mпhhш, npQ qЬpшqшhgЬ[ПL l^.ЬщgПLJ hЬpJпLÔпqhЬph npi^h usi^^è lii^h ^np^ n pЬ 25% hЬpJпLÔJшh JшguшmпLpg, шд 50%:
27 S^u CC щЬmшlшh ЬlшJпLmhЬph 1пф|лЬ, https://www.petekamutner.am/Content.aspx?itn=csCIImportStatistics
28 SЬ'u http://www.eurasiancommission.org/ru/act/trade/catr/ttr/Pages/default.aspx
cn^ULbP ьц u"psU4sn^3nKb 135
qprnp^h qшpqшgJшh U öш4шLhbph JböшgJшh [nLp2 hш^шrç.pJШLhbp, npnhf lшpbLh t ^Jpш4npbL hbrnUirnL lbp^.
1. ^2шlnLpшJhh, lpnhшlшh, ш4шhrç.nLpшJhh, hh^bu hшU mhmbuш-lшh qnpônhhbpn^ щшJJшhш4np4шö' Juh lшpJhp mbuшlhbph hlшmJшJp uцhmшl Juh, hul T^hrnJ' pn^hrnJuh uщшnJшh' Ш2^шphnLJ h^m^n^ hш^шцшm4nLpJшh humrnl JhmnLJhbph шп1ш bh hшU CC-nLJ, nph шpmш-hшJm4nLJ t pb' phqhrnhnLp uщшnJшh U pb' Jbl 2h^h hш24n4 uщшnJшh 0Ш-^[hbph шhphrç.hшm ш4b|шgJшJp:
2. ш^Ь|п^, np CшJШumшhnLJ p^hшJuh щшhшh2шplh Jhrnjh 20-25%-h t pш^_шpшp^_nLJ hbpfhh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh hш2фh, lшpbLh t фш^ mb[, np pn^hшJuh шpmшqpnLpJшh n|npmnLJ шп1ш ^hpшg4шö Jbô hbpnLdp ^pnq t П.ш^ш[ LnLp2 шqqшl hbpfhh шpmшrç.pnLpJшh öш4шLhbph ш^!^-Jшh U щшhшh2шplh Jbô Jшup mb^^h шpmшrç.pnLpJшh hrn2^hh шцш-hn^bm hшJшp: hul ш^ hbpnLdp ^pnq t dшJшhшlh phprngpmJ hpшg4bL m^L n|npmnLJ шpmшrç.pшlшh ^n2np lbhmpnhhbph ÖUш4npJшh бшhш-щшphnф U^rnphmJ ^TnLg шщшgnLg4bL t hJшhшmhщ lbhmpnhhbph lbh-unLhшlnLpJnLhp, nLumh ш^ бшhшщшphn4 CшJШumшhnLJ p^hшpmшrç.pnL-PJшh qшpqшgnLJh ШJLphmpшhf ^rnhh: ЧшpönLJ bhf' ^bmnLpjnLhp Uu щЬш£ t npqbqph npn2шlh m^nnp^^^ fшт.шfшlшhnLpJnLh, hh^p lhщшumh n|np-mnLJ hbpqpnLJhbph hbpqpш4Jшhh nL шЦЪф rnprnq qшpqшgJшhp: Cшpl t h2b[, np dшJшhшlhh CшJШumшhh nLhbgb t p^hшpmшrç.pnLpJшh hш2nт4шö фnpö' шщшhn4b|n4 hhfhшpш4nLpJшh pш4шlшh pшpöp Jшlшprç.шl' Jhh^U 80-90%:
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сп^иъьп ьо. игзичзп^зпкь 137
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ТАТУЛ МКРТЧЯН
Проректор по науке АГЭУ,
доктор экономических наук, доцент
ЭРИК АМБАРЦУМЯН
Доцент кафедры международных
экономических отношений АГЭУ,
кандидат экономических наук
МЕЛАНЬЯ КАРАГЕЗЯН
Преподаватель кафедры макроэкономики АГЭУ
АЙК САРГСЯН
Кандидат экономических наук
Тенденции развития рынка мяса птицы в мире и в Армении.- В последние годы структура потребления различных видов мяса в товарной группе «Мясо» во всем мире существенно изменилась, в основном из-за увеличения доли мяса птицы, а в нем - курятины.
Рост темпов потребления мяса птицы привел к ситуации, когда потребление мяса птицы в мире уже превысило потребление других, традиционных видов мяса, составив около 40% от общего потребления мяса в мире.
В Армении употребляют абсолютно все виды мяса, но структурные изменения в потреблении мяса, происходящие в мире, находят отражение и в нашей стране. Будучи страной с маленькой экономикой, которая импортирует около 70-75% потребляемого мяса птицы, РА реагирует на изменения по потреблению мяса, происходящие в мировой экономике.
Следовательно, необходимо изучить основные тенденции развития мировых и отечественных рынков мяса птицы с целью выявления воздействий последних на экономику РА: возможные изменения в объемах потребления, обусловленные изменением предпочтений потребителей, а также изменения в структуре внутреннего рынка под их влиянием.
Ключевые слова: мясо птицы, курятина, продукция птицеводства, международные тенденции потребления мяса птицы, местное производство мяса птицы. JEL: L1, Q11, Q12
DOI: 10.52174/1829-0280_2021_4_115
TATULMKRTCHYAN
Vice-rector for Science of ASUE,
Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor
ERIK HAMBARDZUMYAN
Associate Professor of the Chair of International Economic Relations of ASUE,
PhD in Economics,
MELANYA GHARAGYOZYAN
Lecturer of the Chair of Macroeconomics of ASUE
HAYK SARGSYAN
PhD in Economics
Development Trends of the Poultry Meat Market in the World and in Armenia.- In recent years, the consumption structure of the "Meat" product group around the world has changed significantly, mainly in the direction of increasing the share of poultry, including chicken. In case of maintaining such growth rates of poultry consumption in the next decade, the consumption of poultry meat in the world will exceed the consumption of other types of meat, accounting for about 40% of total meat consumption. In Armenia, all types of meat are consumed equally, but the structural changes of meat consumption taking place in the world are also reflected in our country. Moreover, being a country with a small economy, which
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imports about 70-75% of the consumed poultry meat, many changes of not only meat consumption preferences are transferred to the economy of the republic of Armenia, but also the price fluctuations of poultry meat. Therefore, it is essential to research the international and local poultry markets and the main emerging trends, to discover the ways of their transfer to the economy of the republic of Armenia and the impact on the domestic poultry market, identifying existing problems and proposing appropriate solutions.
Keywords: poultry meat, chicken meat, poultry products, the art of eating poultry, local production of poultry meat. JEL: L1, Q11, Q12
DOI: 10.52174/1829-028 0_2021 _4_115
