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АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО «НАУЧНАЯ АРТЕЛЬ»
Gurbanmyradova Lachin Aghamyradovna,
Lecturer
Glyjova Ogulbeg Batirovna,
Lecturer Jumanyazov Nazar,
Student
Yagshygeldi Kakayev International Oil and Gas University TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LOW- CARBON ENERGY Abstract
Hydrogen energy is one of the alternative ways to obtain an energy carrier. Gigantic power plants may be replaced by autonomous ones; gasoline will be replaced by environmentally friendly fuel. Scientists are looking for options for producing hydrogen fuel. Hydrogen is the lightest fuel with the highest energy per unit mass and can easily be converted into chemical, mechanical or electrical energy.
Key words:
electrical revolution, energy systems, energy storage.
Today, renewable energy sources and energy derived from hydrogen are considered as an alternative to hydrocarbons in the implementation of national strategies for low-carbon development. The decarburization of economies around the world has gained importance since the entry into force of the Paris climate agreement in 2016. And such international organizations as the International Renewable Energy Agency and the Hydrogen Council have begun to work actively to study the transformation of energy to more neutral sources. According to scientists, at present, a number of progressive projects using hydrogen in the field of large and distributed energy, energy storage and all types of transport are entering the active phase. The world is undergoing an electrical revolution. It can lead to a change in the structure of energy systems and the gradual formation of a common global energy market. At the Asian Clean Energy Summit, held in Singapore in 2018, experts discussed what kind of energy carrier hydrogen would replace in the first place -oil in transport or coal and gas in generation. According to the analytical agency Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF), until 2030, "green" hydrogen at a price of just over two dollars per kg will begin to compete with coal and natural gas as an energy carrier in steel production, and by 2050 at a price of one dollar per kg will become more profitable than gas on world markets and will be able to compete with the cheapest coal, while maintaining zero CO2 emissions. In his opinion, due to hydrogen, there will be a kind of final electrification of world industry. In 2021, the International Renewable Energy Agency released the report "Hydrogen from renewable power: Technology outlook for the energy transition", which explores the role of hydrogen in the energy system of the future. Today, the hydrogen topic has been studied quite deeply, and there is an understanding in the world that renewable, that is, hydrogen produced from wind or solar electricity by electrolysis, will occupy an important place in the economy in the future.
Currently, about 75 million tons of hydrogen are produced in the world. 100 of them are mined using electrical installations, which is 0.1 percent. 95 percent is produced by steam reforming technology of methane and coal. The by-product of such production is carbon dioxide, which makes this method environmentally harmful. Much more environmentally friendly is the production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water using renewable energy generation. Also promising can be considered the production of hydrogen from biogas generated during the decomposition of organic waste, which is an invariable part of the economic activity of mankind. Hydrogen energy is one of the alternative ways to obtain an energy carrier.
HAyHHbIM WyPHAfl « IN SITU »
ISSN (p) 2411-7161 / ISSN (e) 2712-9500
№10 / 2023
Gigantic power plants may be replaced by autonomous ones, gasoline will be replaced by environmentally friendly fuel. Scientists are looking for options for producing hydrogen fuel. Hydrogen is the lightest fuel with the highest energy per unit mass and can easily be converted into chemical, mechanical or electrical energy.
Turkmenistan is one of the states consistently advocating close coordination of international efforts to minimize existing risks and challenges. The initiatives put forward by Turkmenistan are aimed at creating new principles of global energy security, universal access to inexpensive and reliable energy sources and a balance between production goals and environmental protection objectives.
Turkmenistan takes an active position on the use of alternative energy sources, as evidenced by its specific initiatives that meet the interests of common prosperity and progress. As for hydrogen energy, its advantages are high operational, technological and environmental characteristics, confirmed in the course of scientific research. This energy carrier can be effectively used both in industry and for heating buildings.
Energy infrastructure facilities are being put into operation, which are equipped with technologies for producing hydrogen from various natural minerals. Preparations are being made for the commissioning of a hydrogen energy production workshop at the Turkmenbashy Oil Refinery Complex, large-scale construction projects in the field of renewable energy sources are being implemented, and the state pays special attention to the growth of renewable energy in the country's energy balance. All these single examples are bright evidence that Turkmenistan is ready to continue to take steps to increase international cooperation in the promotion and development of hydrogen energy by implementing relevant innovative projects. References:
1. Oil and Gas Journal of Turkmenistan, April 2023
2. Turkmenistan gov.tm.
©Gurbanmyradova L.A., Glyjova O.B., Jumanyazov N., 2023
