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Экономические науки / Economical Science Оригинальная статья / Original Article УДК 331.109
Tax Officers' Stress and Stress Management
© 2017 Osman Shahin
Southern University (IBUL), Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: ahmetsamilsahin@ hotmail.com
ABSTRACT. Aim. To study the structure of stress, its impact on people's lives and the efficiency of tax officers. People may experience daily stress at work. Results. There are two types of stress: positive and negative. When stress rises above a certain level and turns into negative, it begins to create problems for people. Government and tax officials are under daily stress at work. This factor has a direct impact on the results of their work. Conclusion. Taking into account the specifics of the tax officers' activities, it is necessary to look for effective ways to manage their stress. The importance of the influence of professional stresses on the tax officers' psychosomatic state and the efficiency of their activities makes it necessary to develop specific methods and techniques to protect them from damaging overloads.
Keywords: stress, stress management, tax officers
For citation: Shahin O. Tax Officers' Stress and Stress Management. Dagestan State Pedagogical University. Journal. Social and Humanitarian Sciences. 2017. Vol. 11. No. 4. Pp. 92-96. (In Russian)
Стресс и управление стрессом налоговых служащих
© 2017 Шахин О.
Южный университет (ИУБиП), Ростов-на-Дону, Россия; e-mail: ahmetsamilsahin@ hotmail.com
РЕЗЮМЕ. Цель. Изучение структуры стресса, его влияния на жизнь людей и эффективность работы налоговых служащих. Люди могут испытывать ежедневный стресс на работе. Результаты исследования. Существует два вида стресса: позитивный и негативный. Когда стресс поднимается выше определенного уровня и перерастает в негативный, он начинает создавать проблемы для людей. Государственные и налоговые служащие подвергаются ежедневному стрессу на работе. Этот фактор имеет непосредственное влияние на результаты их работы. Выводы. Принимая во внимание специфику деятельности налоговых служащих, следует искать эффективные пути управления их стрессом. Значимость влияния профессиональных стрессов на психосоматическое состояние налоговых служащих и эффективность их деятельности порождает необходимость разработки конкретных методов и приемов их защиты от повреждающих перегрузок.
Ключевые слова: стресс, стресс-менеджмент, налоговые служащие.
Формат цитирования: Шахин О. Стресс и управление стрессом налоговых служащих // Известия Дагестанского государственного педагогического университета. Общественные и гуманитарные науки. 2017. Т. 11. № 4. С. 92-96.
1. Introduction
They give to events where people live or stress responses in daily life. It is referred to as stress. Hans Selye believes [17], the response of the people live event or condition has been identified as stress. It will be an event where people live event from the external environment may come from the person's inner world. People in the sense of developing any event or circumstance outside world reflected. This case is defined as an individual's stress response.
Stress disorder referred to as the modern era, people in everyday life is a condition that can be experienced at every moment. It is an impossible situation. Because it is a situation that exists in people's lives to a certain extent, even though every time. Solution incurable and control methods of stress, coping, managing methods are available. Thus, to protect the psychological health of the individual can be achieved. Stress to a certain extent, it is a fact that there are at least some people. It is also necessary for a given
level of individual psychology and health. Because the formation of the individual providing the motivation you need to be able to do many jobs.
Stress also working life as there are people in every area of life. Business tax officers located the group of employees in the public life in the working environment individuals are exposed to stress. employees who conduct business transactions and related taxes is exposed to many stress factors as individual and organizational. but the absence of any stress relief, expressed as the control mechanism. This allows employees to be more healthy individuals can be provided. The study examines the Stress Structure and Stress Management of Tax Officers.
2. Stress
Firstly, the stress that is defined by Hans Se-lye comes to life every moment in human life. There are too many descriptions in the literature. Some scientists have been requested by some of the physical and psychological stress, defined as the response of the body. stress is referred to the incidents or circumstances to the definition given in another adaptation response [10]. In another definition also it has been identified as a threat response of the body's psychological and physical strain [4].
2.1. Stress Resources
Stress, in terms of the factors that cause itself is divided into three groups. However, some researchers as a source of stress outside the organization, and organizational sources of stress is examining the sources of stress in both groups. Outside the organization, sources of stress, is separated into two of the three factors. These are individual stress factors and environmental stressors. Another organizational source of stress is also a separate title for this other distinction. This research has examined the sources of stress in the form of two separated.
2.2. Outside Organization Stressors
People are exposed to stress in their daily
lives by being faced with many stops [5]. Stress effects on humans and constitute some symptoms. These are symptoms of emotional, behavioral, intellectual symptoms [11]. Emotional symptoms of jubilation, do not worry, are the emotional responses such as anxiety. The behavioral symptoms of stress, such as that seen habit change, and intellectual symptoms of attention deficit, can be seen in note form.
One source of stress are individual stress factors external to the Organization. A person's own characteristics, their behavior can cause stress. Age, physical properties, properties such characters tend to affect the stress level of individuals. Researches show [8] in a business environment where more men have increased their stress levels have been observed in one of the female employees. a number of events occur in people's lives. These events can be sources of stress for people. Some people are very affected by some of the sources of stress may be affected at all. Another element is to stress in humans is caused by the environment experienced by the patient. relations with neighbors of the individual, friend relationships are regarded as sources of environmental stress.
2.3. Organizational Sources of Stress
Organizational sources of stress, in the case of an organization, circumstances, events, it consists of organizational stress factors that affect organizational rules individuals. Business and operations are made in accordance with the policies of the organization that may cause stress for employees. The first thing that will cause stress within an organization and physical conditions. Is more than the temperature of the working environment can cause stress or too low. necessary equipment in the working environment [11] there may be another source of stress.
The formation of an organization is important in any job description professional perspective. Because by each profession has its own responsibility and stress. stress levels of a teacher with a police officer is not the same. Occupations with the most stress in one of the scientific research [15] miners and was found to be cops. workload distribution among individuals in the work environment among the important factors affecting stress [1]. When injustice occurs in terms of workload it is increasing stress formation.
One source of stress emerging in organizations is the role ambiguity and role conflict. If the employees do not have enough information about the role it has within the organizationstress can occur. Because individuals for failing to task by moving the characteristics of the location where problems can occur among employees. Role ambiguity may bring about the role conflict. Another individual work with individuals who have a role in the organization of the uncertainty about who may disagree. Therefore, the
stress can cause them come out of a negative situation. The best example of this is creating superior-subordinate relationship.
Organizational policies developed by the organization in terms of managing the organization's managers, especiallyRules such as the provision of the employees work in a comfortable environment is important to the organization. Because employees will have a negative impact on the efficiency of policies negatively affected the organization's cause. The increased stress can lead to disruptions in individuals working in the organization's work.
2.4. Stress Management
Stress is a condition commonly known as damaging. However, people are in a situation which may be useful [19]. There is stress in humans as long as they can provide a certain level of employees in terms of the emergence of positive results. Because there is a need to stress the human being at a certain level. To do any work, it is necessary to motivate a certain stress level work. In this respect, it may be substantially beneficial stress can be controlled. There are four different approaches in the literature to control stress. These include: psychological approach, the environmental approach, physiological approach is behavioral approach.
Physical approaches: This approach has solutions for situations where physical effects of stress. Muscle relaxation technique developed by Edmund Jacobson's is the most common method. Stress due to a strained state area is done deliberately to loosen the muscles in the body. In this method there is provided an understanding of the signals emitted by the body [9].
Behavioral Approach. This approach is first to be done in time management. Remove the list of things-to-priority ones can get ahead by taking time pressure. Another method is conflict resolution. It can operate more efficiently in an environment where there is less stress an individual. The stress for the end of the conflict should be less. Against each of the employees within the organization must be honest and sincere. In this way, individuals will have saved from the oppression responsibility on different issues with each other.
Psychological Approach: This approach is taught that people should think about how their soul for itself in the world. Consider how the individual is important in this regard. Because it is
positive or negative thoughts carries the meaning of increases or decreases stress.
Environmental Approach. People are the home and business environment environment. Stress management according to the environment in which people are shaped. Sharing reduces the pressure on the job environment. Business can be achieved by improving the physical conditions for the execution of more healthy. Environmental factors may be over mental health of the individual is healthy. The same conditions also apply to home. Especially married individuals reduces the pressure between the spouses do the job sharing.
3. Problem of Research
The effect of stress on people's research is designed to evaluate in terms of working with a particular group. In this sense, the stress structure of a particular group of tax officials of public employees will be given to specific descriptive information about factors that affect stress and stress management.
3.1. Methods of Research
This study examined the theoretical aspects because it is a qualitative study. It prepared according to the description method. Existing conditions, according to the present method is illustrated as it is without changing in any way.
3.2. Results
In most business environments of employees when a person passes. Therefore, it is more exposed to organizational stress. In the literature, the opinions of scientists about organizational stress is present. McGrath [14], Eroglu [7], Lu-thans [12], Intellectual [2] has been subjected to stress different organizational groupings.
Tax officials within public employees to organizational stress among workers who have experienced al is. One of the issues faced by tax officials stress is lack of communication. This topic is a general problem. Cause of problems between humans and the rise of stress levels in individuals is the main reason for the start of the problem. Tax officials in their relations with each other, is one of the issues in its relations with the taxpayers should be very careful. In this way, officers are past the front of the raid will occur on its own. It is understood that the current environmental approach at this point.
Factors increasing the stress levels of tax officials is not limited by lack of communication. Workload is another cause of stress. Sharing the workload can eliminate this problem. Another solution to the environmental approach has prevented
the stress. The behavioral approach has also been suggested solution also applies here. Job satisfaction, salary satisfaction [20]. When such issues among other topics affecting the stress state tax officials. Psychological approach to these issues, solutions using behavioral approaches can be developed.
Tax officers can be affected negatively by the public organizational politics because they worked in the public sector. The public policy is causing stress in terms of individuals by addressing the tax collectors do the printing can reduce overall stress and psychological approach. forming stress factor is eliminated, because they approach the subject with a different perspective.
Result
Factors causing stress to cope with the stress of tax officers are required to identify
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INFORMATION ABOUT AUTHORS Affiliations
Osman Shahin, Doctoral Student, Southern University (Institute of Management, Business and Law), Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: ahmetsamilsahin@ hotmail.com
Принята в печать 15.10.201Z г.
good. This way, the officer may decide to develop a method by which approach improving the working environment apart from that tax officials can avoid some of the stress factors.
Organizational policies can be taken into consideration when determining the working conditions of tax officials. Social activities carried out within the Organization to ensure compliance. This can be done on a monthly or weekly meetings to talk in subjects other than realized and business. Organizations such as picnic fun meeting can be arranged. This will be beneficial for the organization. Because the more psychological health professionals will be able to work more effectively in a business environment. For both individuals will establish healthier relationships with both colleagues will have done their job in terms of anti-stress psychology.
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СВЕДЕНИЯ ОБ АВТОРАХ Принадлежность к организации
Шахин Осман, докторант, Южный университет (Институт менеджмента, бизнеса и права), Ростов-на-Дону, Россия; e-mail: ahmetsamilsahin@ hotmail.com
Received 15.10.2017.
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