CC BY
13
MRNTI 73.31.11
https://doi.org/10.48081/HUTD7609
*K. G. Balabekova
L. N. Gumilev Eurasian National university, Republic ofKazakhstan, Astana *e-mail: 06_03_92@mail.ru
STUDY OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF A MOBILE OVERPASS
The ecology of the city depends on many factors. Such factors include congestion. Congestion negatively affects the ecological and economic condition of cities and megacities. To solve this problem, a new design -was developed to combat congestion - a mobile overpass. The design is used to eliminate traffic jams on the roads. The article describes the structure. The design consists of two main modules. The article discusses the assembly of the structure. The height of the structure allows passenger buses to pass under the structure. The -width of one module in one direction is 3.5 m, which ensures the -width of the car. The design allows you to increase the intensity of traffic at the intersection during rush hours or during any crowded events. The issues of calculation and construction of a mobile overpass -were considered. Finite element andfinite difference methods -were used to calculate the design.
The described theoretical basis of calculations -will allow -work out various types of mobile overpass constructions -which provide their strength, rigidity and stability according to the conditions.
From the described theoretical investigations it is possible to construct practical portable car overpasses. The use of a portable road overpass on the city's road network allows increasing the safety and efficiency oftraffic management.
Keywords: mobile overpass, ecology, environment, articulated flexible connection, traffic congestion, finite element methods, finite difference methods, anthropogenic activities.
Introduction
Humankind has been closely interlinked with the environment throughout the life. Today, the impact of humans on the environment is considered as one of the global problems in the world.
One of these reasons that affect the environment is vehicles. Research works have shown that during congestion heavy metals accumulate in soil and groundwater so they negatively affect the environment as a whole. Based on this, one of the ways to solve the ecological situation of the city is to reduce the number of congestion.
In order to reduce the negative impact of vehicles during congestion on the environment, we propose the construction of a portable fast-assembled overpass to reduce emissions during congestion. In this regard, the description, calculation and introduction of the portable overpass construction into the road system will be one of the ways to solve the environmental problem.
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Portable overpasses are mobile in construction which provides quick delivery and assembly ofthe structure to problematic sections ofroads.
According to analyses conducted on patent bases the construction of a portable overpass has no analogues in the world [1].
Materials and Methods
The portable overpass (Figure 1) is used to eliminate traffic congestion in problematic sections ofthe road. The structure consists of modules which in turn are assembled and disassembled.
Figure 1 - Mobile overpass
The construction is delivered to sections with road congestion and is installed over the lane. This allows movement ofvehicles in the perpendicular direction [2-5].
The portable overpass consists of several modules and is assembled on the site in a short time. The construction quick assembly - disassembly is carried out due to the use of a unified hinged-malleable connection. The structure is delivered to the problem area using tractors on its own chassis. Assembly ofthe structure is carried out due to lifting ofwheels and lowering ofretractable supports. Connection occurs by lowering the opening part at the upper point and lowering the lower part (Figure 2).
Figure 2 - Assembling a mobile overpass
The construction meets traffic conditions; the installation of the construction does not interfere the dimensions of the roadway. The height of the passage under the structure is 4.5 m. and the width of one lane satisfies the traffic conditions which is 3.5m. The use of the portable overpasses construction improves the logistics of the city, improves the ecological condition of the city, in addition, it favorably affects the city economy [6-9].
During installation the structure must provide stability and strength so that cars can pass through the structure without stopping during congestion. In this regard, calculations were made using the finite element method and finite differences.
Surface of the portable overpass carriageway is represented by orthotopic plate. For finite element calculation the orthotropic plate is divided into four elements and for each element there was composed a canonical equation. Taking into account the boundary conditions and there was determined the stiffness matrix of the final element from which was calculated the deflection in the center of the orthotropic plate.
Calculates an orthotropic plate by finite difference using an approximant equation. The surface of the orthotropic plate is divided into rectangular grids, according to which the resolution matrix of the finite difference method is composed. And also it is obtained the extrapolation of results by which value of plate deflections in center.
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There was developed the method for calculating the supports of a portable overpass based on mathematical theory which allows preventing a surface fault of an asphalt concrete surface [10].
Results
According to the results of calculations carried out using the methods of finite elements and finite differences on the bend of the orthotopic plate of the portable overpass, the values are almost the same. In this regard, the fidelity of the calculations is confirmed, which in turn according to the calculations provides strength and stability for the structure. Spatial frame of orthogonally oriented module is calculated by displacement method. Strength and stability conditions of struts and girders were checked. The calculations were compared with the results of a mathematical experiment: by calculating the values of internal forces using the finite differences method [11].
Based on the results of calculation, the boundary conditions of the portable overpass construction with a large margin provide greater strength and rigidity. The hold studies made it possible to propose a new constructive solution - a portable overpass that can reduce traffic congestion on the roads.
Discussion
Compared to other methods of combating traffic congestion to improve the ecological state of the urban environment, the portable overpass is the most relevant construction and method of solving congestion. Since, the methods proposed before that to eliminate congestion have their drawbacks.
Conclusion
The article set the goal of reducing congestion and exhausts emissions to improve the ecological state of the urban environment. Despite the fact that many studies are devoted to the problem of ecology arising from congestion, so far no effective way has been proposed to solve this problem.
The described theoretical basis of calculations will allow work out various types of mobile overpass constructions which provide their strength, rigidity and stability according to the conditions.
From the described theoretical investigations it is possible to construct practical portable car overpasses. The use of a portable road overpass on the city's road network allows increasing the safety and efficiency of traffic management [12-13].
REFERENCES
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3 Darkov, A. B. Structural mechanics, 13th edition. Hardcover : Rare book, 2010. -P. 157-286.
4 Gordeev, V. N. Loadings and impacts on buildings and constructions. - Moscow. -2007.-P. 384-395.
5 Gordeev, У. N., Perelmuter, А. У. Loads and impacts on buildings and structures. Moscow : ACB Pub., 2009. - 528 p.
6 Balabekova, K. G. and Kadyrov, A. S. Research work mobile overpass // In Proceedings of the International scientific-practical conference 'Integration of science, education and production basis for the implementation of the Plan of Nation: selected papers' (ed. Gazaliev A. M.). // Karaganda, Kazakhstan, 10-11 December 2015, KSTU. -P. 241-243.
7 Kadyrov, A. S., Kadyrova, I. A. Basics of scientific research. - Karaganda : KSTU, 2015.-P. 267.
8 Ganyukov, A. A., Balabekova, K. G. Calculation of the spatial frame of the modular overpass. - Karaganda : University Proceedings. - 2016. -№4.- P. 63-68.
9 Kadyrov, A. S., Balabekova, K. G., Ganyukov, A. A., Akhmediyev S. K. The constructive solution and calculation of elements of the unified module of the mobile bridge overcrossing // Transport problems. - The Silesian University of Technology, 2017. - Vol. 12. -P. 59-71.
10 Altintas, Y. Manufacturing Automation, Metal Cutting Mechanics, Machine Tool Vibrations, and CNC Design // Cambridge University Press. - 2012. - Vol. 12, № 6. - P. 13-14.
11 Tasci, L., Kuloglu, N. Investigation of a new transition curve // The Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering.-2011.- Vol.6.-№.l.-P.23-29.
12 Ziatdinov, R., Yoshida, N., Kim T. W. Analytic parametric equations of logaesthetic curves in terms of incomplete gamma functions // Computer Aided Geometric Design. - 2012. - Vol. 29, №.2. - P. 129-140.
13 Chmielewski R., Wolniewicz A. Classification of the modernized DMS-65 folded bridge structure according to STANAG 2021 requirements // Roads and Bridges -DorogiiMosty.-2017.-Vol. 16.-№2.-P. 147-158.
Material received on 01.06.23.
*K. Г. Балабекоеа
Л. H. Гумилев атындагы Еуразия улттьщ университет!, Казахстан Республикасы, Астана к. Материал баспага туст1 01.06.23.
МОБИЛЬД1 ЕСКЕРТУДЩ ЦУРЫЛЫСЫН ЗЕРТТЕУ
К^аланыц экологиясы квптеген факторларга байланысты. Мундай факторларга кептелгс жатады. Кептелгстер цалалар мен мегаполистердщ экологиялъщ жэне экономикалъщ жагдайына mepic эсер emedi. Бул мэселет шешу ушт кептелкпен куресудщ жаца дизайны жасалды-жылжымалы эстакада. Цурылыс жолдагы кептелгстердг жою ушт цолданылады. Мацалада цурылым сипатталган. Дизайн ею неггзгг модулъден турады. Мацалада цурылымды цурастыру царастырылады. К,урылымныц Gummizi жолаушылар автобустарыныц астынан втуте мумктдж 6epedi. Bip багыттагы 6ip модулъдщ eni 3,5 м, бул вагонныц Шири цамтамасыз emedi. Дизайн царбалас
КАЗАХСТАН РЫЛЫМЫ МЕН ТЕХНИКАСЫ. ^ЭЫ 2788-8770. № 2, 2023
уацытта немесе кез келген адам квп жиналатын Iс-шаралар кезтде циылыстагы цозгалыс царцындылыгын арттыруга мумктдж береЫ. Мобильдг эстакаданы есептеу жэне салу мэселелер1 царалды. Цурылымды есептеу ушт ацырлы элементтер мен ацырлы айырмашылыцтар эд1стер1 цолданылды.
Есептеулердщ сипатталган теориялъщ нег1з1 жумыс жагдайларына байланысты олардыц бержтшн, цаттылыгын жэне турацтылыгын цамтамасыз ететт жылжымалы жол цурылымдарыныц эртурлг турлерт жасауга мумктдж береЫ.
Сипатталган теориялъщ зерттеулер неггзтде практикалъщ портативтг автомобиль эстакадаларын салуга болады. К^аланыц коше-жол желгстде тасымалданатын жол эстакадасын пайдалану жол цозгалысын басцарудыц цаутаздггг мен тшмдшгт арттыруга мумктЫк береЫ.
Кшттг создер: жылжымалы эстакада, экология, цоршаган орта, топсалы икемЫ байланыс, жол кептелШ, ацырлы элементтер эдгстерг, ацырлы айырмашылыцтар эдгстерг, антропогендж эрекеттер.
*К. Г. Балабекоеа
Евразийский национальный университет имени Л. Н. Гумилева, Республика Казахстан, г. Астана. Материал поступил в редакцию 01.06.23.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ МОБИЛЬНОЙ ЭСТАКАДЫ
Экология города зависит от многих факторов. К таким факторам относятся заторы. Заторы негативно влияют на экологическое и экономическое состояние городов и мегаполисов. Чтобы решить эту проблему, была разработана новая конструкция для борьбы с заторами - передвижная эстакада. Конструкция используется для устранения пробок на дорогах. В статье описана структура. Конструкция состоит из двух основных модулей.
В статье рассматривается сборка конструкции. Высота конструкции позволяет пассажирским автобусам проезжать под ней. Ширина одного модуля в одном направлении составляет 3,5 м, что обеспечивает ширину вагона. Конструкция позволяет увеличить интенсивность движения на перекрестке в часы пик или во время любых многолюдных мероприятий. Были рассмотрены вопросы расчета и строительства мобильной эстакады. Для расчета конструкции были использованы методы конечных элементов и конечных разностей.
Описанная теоретическая основа расчетов позволит разработать различные типы мобильных путепроводных конструкций, обеспечивающих их прочность, жесткость и устойчивость в зависимости от условий эксплуатации.
На основе описанных теоретических исследований можно построить практические переносные автомобильные эстакады. Использование переносной дорожной эстакады на улично-дорожной сети города позволяет повысить безопасность и эффективность управления дорожным движением.
Ключевые слова: передвижная эстакада, экология, окружающая среда, шарнирно-сочлененное гибкое соединение, дорожные заторы, методы конечных элементов, методы конечных разностей, антропогенная деятельность.
