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Section 5. Medical science
within this class the largest specific gravity made polycystic kidney disease: in 4 women and 4 men with CRF. The last place in the structure of morbidity was diseases of the circulatory system. The most common form of this disease was hypertension in 2 men and 1 woman, cardiac ischemia was observed in only lpatient. Urinary tract infection was detected only in 1 patient with CRF
Thus, the high level of certain clinical entities of identified diseases among patients with CRF are conditioned by their functional state, body resistance, living conditions, work -rest cycle, healthy diet and lifestyle. All this point to the fact that only the doctor and the patient talk at doctor's reception is insufficient. It is necessary to develop and conduct educational programs to teach patients the basics of a healthy lifestyle. Conclusions:
1. The prevalence of CRF in the population of the Republic of Uzbekistan currently stands at an average of 1000 people
with significant difference depending on the specific areas. It is assumed that these differences largely depend on the quality of diagnosis in primary care.
2. Rank places in the structure of general disease incidence of women with CRF are different from men, the first place takes the diseases of the genitourinary system, diabetes, iron deficiency anemia, the second place polycystic kidney disease, hypertension.
3. Among the men with CRF, the first place was occupied by diseases of the genitourinary system: chronic glomerulonephri-tis, chronic pyelonephritis, the second place was occupied by endocrine diseases, eating disorders, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, nutritional and metabolic disturbances.
4. The revealed features of morbidity in patients with CRF will help in processing improvements for further reduction of this pathology in Uzbekistan.
References:
1. Ermolenko V. M. Chronical renal failure/ed. prof. Tareeva I. E. - M.: Medicine, 2000. - P. 596-698.
2. Sigitova O. N., Nadeeva R. A., Zakirova V. A., Arkhipov E. V., Shcherbakova A. G. Analysis of the incidence of CRF in the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan//Med.J. - 2007. - V. 89(4): 553-557.
3. Lavil M. The role ofhypertension in progressing of renal disease, effects of antihypertensive therapy//Nephrol. - 2000. - V. 4(1): 119-121.
4. Nikolayev A. Y., Milovanov Yu. S. Treatment of renal failure. - M.:Medicine, 1999.
5. The state of renal replacement therapy CRF in the Russian Federation in 1998/annual report according to the Russian register//Nephrol. and dial. - 2000. - V. 2(1-2): 4-24.
6. Seegal V. E. Status of renal replacement therapy in the Republic of Tatarstan: achievements of m problem//Med. Pharm. Vestnik. Tatarstan. - 2006. - № 31(119): 6.
7. Tomilina N. A., Bikbov B. T. Epidemiology of chronic kidney failure and new approaches to classification and measurement of the severity of chronic progressing renal diseases//Ther. arch. - 2005. - № 6.
8. Coresh V., Astor B. C., Green T. et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey//Am.J. Kidney Dis. - 2003. - Vol. 41(1): 1-12
9. D'Amico G. Influence of clinical and histological features on actuarial renal survival in adult patients with idiopathic IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis: Survey of the recent literature//Am. J. Kidney Dis. - 1992. - V. 20: 315.
10. D'Amico G. Natural history of idiopathic IgA nephropathy: Role of clinical and histological prognostic factors//Am J Kidney Dis. -2000. - V. 36: 227.
Parpieva Nargiza Nusratovna, Director of Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center Tuberculosis and Pulmonology by Alimov
Zaidova Zebokhon Alisherovna, Senior Researcher, Tashkent Pediatric medical Institute
E-mail: evovision@bk.ru
State oxidant-antioxidant plasma systems blood red blood cells in patients children with pulmonary tuberculosis
Abstact: As a result of carried out biochemical blood analysis in 44 children and adolescents with an active pulmonary tuberculosis the considerable changes in processes of lipid peroxidation were detected: authentic decrease ofvitamin E content, increase of superoxide dismutase and ceruloplasmin levels in comparison with noninfected subjects. Intensity of lipid peroxidation increased in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis along with the change of antioxidants protection. This was manifested by growth of concentration of malonic dialdegide and dien conjugate. The most expressed changes of the evaluated biochemical parameters were in children and adolescents with complicated course of tuberculosis. detected: authentic decrease ofvitamin E content, increase of superoxide dismutase and ceruloplasmin levels in comparison with noninfected subjects. Intensity of lipid peroxidation increased in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis along with the change of antioxidants protection. This was manifested by growth of concentration of malonic dialdegide and dien conjugate. The most expressed changes of the evaluated biochemical parameters were in children and adolescents with complicated course of tuberculosis.
State oxidant-antioxidant plasma systems blood red blood cells in patients children with pulmonary tuberculosis
Keywords: lipid peroxidation lipid peroxidation, malonic dialdegide malonic dialdegide
The main link in the pathogenesis of functional changes in organs and systems in pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adolescents is the development of respiratory failure manifested disorder of external, pulmonary and tissue respiration, hypoxia and hypoxemia. Under the influence of hypoxia and hypercap-nia disturbed functional state of the central nervous system and neuro reflex regulation of vital body functions. Because of infringement important functions of organs and systems in the body changes occur in metabolism. Violation of gas exchange and redox reactions, hypoxia and hypoxemia lead to the activation of anaerobic oxidation of incompletely oxidized products of metabolism. Under the influence of hypoxia, bacterial toxins, metabolic products and changes in hemodynamics in children with pulmonary TB marked dysfunction ofvital organs. These changes are accompanied by increased activity of lipid peroxidation processes and reorganization of systems of antioxidant protection of red blood cells. Under the influence of hypoxia, bacterial toxins, metabolic products and changes in hemodynamics in children with pulmonary TB marked dysfunction of vital organs. These changes are accompanied by increased activity of lipid peroxidation processes and reorganization of systems of antioxidant protection of red blood cells [1; 2].
Material and methods
The study is based on clinical and laboratory examination of 151 children with the — pulmonary tuberculosis, which were supervised and received in the city TB hospital in Tashkent during the period from 2013 to 2014. All the examined de ti were divided into 2 groups according to the forms of pulmonary tuberculosis: group 1 consisted of 71 (47.0 %) of pediatric patients with focal form, group 2-80 (53.0 %) with the disseminated form of pulmonary TB.
In this paper, a study, determining the level of lipid peroxidation (POL) the initial product of diene conjugates (DC) in the
membranes of red blood cells and the final product of POL malo-ndialdehyde (MDA) by Koroljuk method.
The results and discussion
The study revealed the increasing intensity of free radical processes in the background of progressive non-sufficiency of antioxidant system in lymphocytes of children with TB, the deepening of the manifestations of immune deficiency in T-link. In the period of acute illness marked a significant rise in the level of MDA in patients of Group 1 to 2.79 ± 0.11 nmol/L, in group 2 — 8.23 ± 1.11, which is higher than the control 2.33 times and 2.9 times respectively, in groups, and DC reaches patients of group 1 to 3.27 ± 0.09 U/ml, in group 2 —5.61 ± 0.69. Semi-obtained results show a significant activation of POL. The level of SOD decreased in group 1 to 99.5 %, in group 2 — by 99.6 %, indicating that the structural and functional changes in the lymphocyte membrane
It is possible that these violations of micro — and macro blood rheology of non-small role belongs to the activation of free radical processes. For example, Kaminsky G. O. (2011) showed that the activation of erythrocytes in free-radical processes reduces fluidity and deformability of erythrocytes membranes gives morphological erythrocyte structure and there by alter the aggregation ability of these cells [3; 4].
Activation of POL and AOS, as a result of this, the presence of changes in the structure of the lipid-round are the basis for therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at correcting these faults (see Table 1).
Thus, studies have established an important pathogenetic role ofviolations of antioxidant function in the body for TB in children. Changes in the POL-AOS system disorders are the leading mechanism of functioning of lymphocytes. The loss of functional activity of immune cells with TB can be attributed to an imbalance of oxi-dant and antioxidant systems.
Table 1. - The activity of pro- and antioxidant system in the membranes of red blood cells in children with TB
Indicators Control group (n = 40) 1 group (n = 71) 2 group (n = 80)
POL MDA nmol/l 2.79 ± 0.11 6.51 ± 0.22*** 8.23 ± 1.11***
DC, U/ml 1.43 ± 0.02 3.27 ± 0.09*** 5.61 ± 0.69***
AOS SOD units/ml 2.41 ± 0.09 1.21 ± 0.01*** 1.01 ± 0.01***
CT, umol/mg 11.55 ± 0.77 7.96 ± 0.31*** 5.66 ± 0.39***
Note: * — differences relative to the control group significant data (* — P < 0.05; ** — P < 0.01; *** — P < 0.001).
Analysis of new TB pathogenesis of data allows us to conclude that a significant and sustained increase in the intensity of lipid peroxidation is an essential mechanism for the formation of TB, reducing the functional activity oflymphocytes, it leads to the formation of immune deficiency and, as a consequence, severe course of the disease.
Conclusion
Activation of lipid peroxidation in conjunction with the lack of AOS is pathogenetic justification for the use in the treatment of children and adolescents with active tuberculosis antioxidant and membrane stabilizing respiratory drugs.
References:
1. Каминская Г. О., Абдуллаев Р. Ю. Некоторые метаболические характеристики циркулирующих фагоцитов у больных с разными вариантами течения туберкулёза лёгких//Пробл. туб. - 2000. - № 3. - С. 38-42.
2. Каминская Г. О., Абдуллаев Р. Ю. Изменения метаболизма эритроцитов у больных остропрогрессирующим туберкулёзом лёг-ких//Пробл. туб. - 2011. - № 3. - С. 33-37.
3. Чорнов^ А. В. Перекисне окислення мшдв та його патогенетична корекцiя при шфекцшнш патологи (огляд лггерату-ри)//Львiвський мед. часопис. - 2000. - Т. 6, № 2. - С. 17-22.
4. Щербакова И. В. Клиническое значение состояния систем свободнорадикального окисления и антиоксидантной защиты у больных инфильтративным туберкулёзом лёгких: Автореф. дис. ... канд. мед. наук. - Москва, 2002. - 20 с.
