CC BY
0Culture is transferred from one person to another in the process of socialization and contacts with other cultures of the peoples of the world, but also because culture shapes people's sense of belonging to a certain group. The meaning of the study of culture is not limited to that it opens something new for the man of his understanding only of culture itself: such a study is important for understanding the essence of almost all, or, in any case, many aspects of the life of society. In many cases, it is through the commonality of culture that this or that social entity acquires integrity, from a disparate collection of people becomes a unity that has an ordered structure:
First, culture is the sphere of free self-realization of the individual, the sphere of creativity, inspiration.
Secondly, culture is a value attitude to real life in society.
Thirdly, culture is an artificial world created by thought, spirit and hands of man, different from the nature that surrounds us.
Bringing young people to art, culture, history means to preserve the historical continuity of two generations. At the critical stages of modern society, the sense of self-awareness is growing, interest in art, history, and national culture is growing.
Creative education with the help of visual arts in our time has become an urgent need of society. Education, development of individual abilities - one of the most important aspects of creative education. Artistic development is a means of developing the creative personality as a whole. Each individual in his gifts is not
like other people, just like rivers do not resemble each other. But the waters of all rivers flow into the sea. So do all the creators form a unity, contributing to the society of people. Art and culture can reproduce artfully and at the same time create an inner, unified and unique world of beauty. It approaches the interpretation and social, moral, aesthetic, spiritual formation of man.
Culture, fine arts, applied arts and folk art can activate, direct, influence the attitude of the world, influence the beliefs, behavior and activities of young people, in all manifestations in the educational process. In accordance with this, there is a revival of values, traditions, customs, national culture where we live.
References
1. History of the Kuban / ed. V.E. Shchetneva. Krasnodar: The Kuban Book Publishers, 2004.
2. Kuzin V.S. Psychology. M.: Higher School, 1994.
3. Maltseva L.V. Methods of teaching the fine arts. - Krasnodar: KubSU, 2015.
4. Maltseva L.V. Cuban studies in the classroom of fine arts in the secondary school. - Krasnodar: Tradition, 2010.
5. Maltseva L.V. Development of artistic and creative abilities of schoolchildren through the means of fine arts (based on the ethno-cultural culture of the Krasnodar Territory). Krasnodar: Ekoinvest, 2009.
6. Pedagogy / Ed. L.P. Krivshenko. - M.: Prospekt, 2004.
SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION YOUTH IN KUBAN
Maltseva L. V.
Ph.D., professor, Kuban State University, art and graphic faculty.
Abstract
The article presents how to bring up young people, reviving spiritual and moral upbringing. To know the traditions, customs, culture of the Kuban Cossacks. As in the Krasnodar Territory, the cultural heritage of the Cossacks is revived, which is passed on to the youth, thereby creating moral and aesthetic qualities, and developing creative potential.
Keywords: upbringing, revival, spiritual and moral upbringing, churches, churches, cathedral.
At present, we observe that the system of education is reviving, based on using the best that has been accumulated by the Russian people for its millennial history. The most vivid manifestation of this is the return of religion and the Church, their worthy place in society - the spiritual mentor of citizens.
Today much has been done in the Krasnodar Territory to revive the spiritually-moral upbringing of the youth. The infrastructure for implementing measures of spiritual and moral education is developing quite rapidly.
In the Kuban in the cities, villages, new churches are being built and old ones are being restored. The festivities on the occasion of the jubilee of churches became a good tradition. But the main thing that distinguishes modernity from, say, a history of half a century ago - in the temples the number of parishioners has increased. And a large part of them are young people.
The first years of life of the Black Sea Cossacks on the Kuban land, which they received, Catherine the Great is narrated, the construction of Orthodox churches, churches, and later - monastic monasteries. Chernomorets - people from the Zaporozhye Cossacks - were particularly religious and adherent to the Orthodox faith. It is no accident that behind them historically the eloquent name "knights of Orthodoxy" was fixed. For centuries, protecting the borders of the Fatherland, they knew the value of the faith of their ancestors, they were ready to sacrifice their lives for their people, freedom and convictions.
Having received the generous gift of Empress Catherine II - Taman Island, where they have now revived the ethnographic village of Ataman and everyone has visited this village to see how the Cossacks lived. Their way of life, life, traditions, customs. The ethnographic complex, which stretches over 68 hectares of
the Taman Peninsula on the shore of the Azov Sea, is not just an open-air museum. This is the soul of the Kuban, its revived history. There is no past and future, no yesterday and tomorrow - there is only today, which lasts for centuries, preserving its unique charm, its character and even its smell.
Having moved to the Kuban lands, they went to defend the state borders under the banner of their ancient motto "For Faith, Fatherland and the People". Christ's faith was fully understood by the Kuban with the advent of the Black Sea people, a brave Cossack freeman from Zaporozhye. These were the mighty knights of Orthodoxy, whose motto was: "For Faith, Fatherland and the People." Orthodoxy has since become a reliable stronghold of the southern borders of the Russian state, the Orthodox Cossacks - its faithful bearer.
The first years of life of the Black Sea Cossacks on the Kuban land, which they received, Catherine the Great is narrated, the construction of Orthodox churches, churches, and later - monastic monasteries. Chernomorets - people from the Zaporozhye Cossacks - were particularly religious and adherent to the Orthodox faith. It is no accident that behind them historically the eloquent name "knights of Orthodoxy" was fixed. For centuries, protecting the borders of the Fatherland, they knew the value of the faith of their ancestors, they were ready to sacrifice their lives for their people, freedom and convictions.
Having received the generous gift of Empress Catherine II - Taman Island, where they have now revived the ethnographic village of Ataman and everyone has visited this village to see how the Cossacks lived. Their way of life, life, traditions, customs. The ethnographic complex, which stretches over 68 hectares of the Taman Peninsula on the shore of the Azov Sea, is not just an open-air museum. This is the soul of the Kuban, its revived history. There is no past and future, no yesterday and tomorrow - there is only today, which lasts for centuries, preserving its unique charm, its character and even its smell.
Having moved to the Kuban lands, they went to defend the state borders under the banner of their ancient motto "For Faith, Fatherland and the People". Christ's faith was fully understood by the Kuban with the advent of the Black Sea people, a brave Cossack freeman from Zaporozhye. These were the mighty knights of Orthodoxy, whose motto was: "For Faith, Fatherland and the People." Orthodoxy has since become a reliable stronghold of the southern borders of the Russian state, the Orthodox Cossacks - its faithful bearer.
It was an amazing time. Cossacks first entered the land, according to their ideas, not illuminated by the light of the faith of Christ, where there was not a single church, not a single priest. They had one thing - the hope of God's mercy. There were still no houses, no fortress, no clergy, but the first was laid the church. The military judge Anton Golovaty in 1793 on Taman began construction of the very first Cossack church. This temple, built of stone, was dedicated to the most important holiday of the Black Sea people - the Protection of the Mother of God.
The first military church of the Black Sea troops was the marching Troitskaya church (presumably, the marching church was dedicated in the name of the Holy Trinity in memory of the Zaporozhye Samara (Novomoskovsk) Cathedral of the Holy Trinity - this was the opinion of the authors of the book The Holy Cross Church of St. Catherine in Ekaterinodar. It is believed that it was presented to the Cossacks by Prince Grigory Alexandrovich Potemkin Tavrichesky in 1789 and brought to the Kuban in disassembled form.
From the church began the construction of the first stanitsas. In Yekaterinodar, the first military camp was erected. The cathedral was built on the initiative of Empress Catherine II, who donated in 1794.
Catherine's army Resurrection Cathedral was erected without a foundation, and therefore already in the early 1830s the question arose about its strength. In 1831 the architect Bernadotte was sent from St. Petersburg to Yekaterinodar to "test the strength of the army cathedral" and to consider the proposal to build a new cathedral church.
Efforts of the ataman T.Kotlyarevsky in October, 1799, the construction of the cathedral was started, which lasted until 1872. In 1872, a new army cathedral named after Alexander Nevsky was built, the Resurrection Cathedral lost the importance of the main temple of the Black Sea (then Kuban) Cossack army, but only in 1878 - 1879 he was "dismantled". In 1937 the cathedral of Alexander Nevsky was destroyed.
St. Catherine's Cathedral is one of the most beautiful and oldest cathedrals of the Kuban. For more than a hundred years it has been the main decoration of Krasnodar.
In the center of the city of Krasnodar towers a majestic cathedral, which has five domes in honor of St. Catherine the Great Martyr, the patron saint of the city of Krasnodar. St. Catherine's Cathedral is the only one in Russia. The history of the cathedral begins with the construction in 1814 of the wooden church of St. Catherine. This cathedral was built in honor of the miraculous rescue of the royal family during the wreck of the train on which they were traveling. The main throne of the cathedral is named in honor of St. Catherine the Great Martyr, and the chapels - in honor of the heavenly patrons of the members of the imperial family: Alexander, Mary, Nicholas, George, Xenia and Olga. The St. Catherine's Cathedral was illuminated on March 27, 1914.
The inhabitants of the city decided to erect a new temple in memory of the miraculous rescue of Emperor Alexander III with his family during the crash of the Tsar's train at the station of Borki in the Kharkov province in 1888 after visiting the city of Yekaterinodar.
Today St. Catherine's Cathedral is the main temple of the diocese, the largest temple in the city of Krasnodar is 49 meters high, where people constantly perform services.
From the St. Catherine's Cathedral in 1988 was the first time in many years in Krasnodar, a bell was made to ring - in honor of the 1000th anniversary of the Baptism of Rus.
In the Kuban capital city of Krasnodar, the question arose about the re-creation of Alexander Nevsky's
army cathedral. On December 17, 2003, a stone was laid on the site of the future church; two molebens were held: on the order of consecration of the foundation of the church and on the order of taking the oath of young Cossacks.
The temple was built in a new place according to historical drawings (with some additions). The church has five domes of the white-stone Cathedral of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky. The temple was lit in 1872, blown up in 1932. Unlike the old church in the new one, there are two belfries, which is a rarity in the Kuban, each with six bells; the height of the temple is 45 meters.
In September 2006, a newly constructed cathedral was opened, where divine services are held today.
In Krasnodar there is a St. George's temple, it never closed. Despite the contradictions of the 20th century, the service went on daily, the doors of the church remained open to the parishioners until the new period of the history of the Russian Orthodox Church, which began with the celebration of the 1000th anniversary of the baptism of Rus, and the Divine Liturgy never ceased to be performed.
In 1995, St. George's Church was visited by His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Russia. On the territory of the temple there is a two-storey building, in which there is a Sunday school, a chancery, a trapezny, a shop for church utensils and a church library. Apart from the church itself, there were eight capital buildings on the territory of the farmstead. And now in the southeast part of the courtyard you can see two two-storey well-preserved brick buildings with stone crosses on the gables and between the windows. In them lived the inhabitants. Now the territory of the temple is only a tenth of the former possessions.
Of the clergy, no one wanted to go to the new uninhabited land of Cuba, and the Cossacks urgently needed priests. They could not imagine their lives without worship, sacraments and the correction of church calls. Then the leaders of the Black Sea Cossacks, the ataman Z.A. Chepega and the military judge AA. Golovaty decided to raise the clergy from their own Cossack environment. Gradually, the Cossack spiritual class grew in the Black Sea. In a report of the Black Sea government of December 16, 1797, 23 churches were built and being built, under which 25 priests and dea-
cons served.
Information on the number of churches, parishes, clergymen, indicating the rank, the number of monastics.
Title 1945 1948 1961 1970 1988 1997 1998
Churches 54 54 50 23 24 48 -
Parishes 300 280 212 76 77 153 158
Clergymen 320 300 260 103 109 176 216
Protopriest 90 70 68 67 51 48 56
Priests 218 220 180 30 36 100 126
Deacons 12 10 8 6 9 21 26
Monastics - - 4 4 6 7 8
Information on the number of baptisms, weddings, funerals, attendance of churches for 1945-1998
Name Requirement Management and other 1945 1948 1961 1970 1988 1998
baptisms 1200 370 400 250 400 104000
weddings 140 80 135 70 100 1200
the funeral services 450 300 110 90 90 103000
Attendance 450000 30000 220000 150000 200000 900000
At the beginning of the XX century in the Kuban region there were 363 churches. They served 377 priests, 152 deacons and 366 psalmists. Atheistic politics, actively carried out since 1918, led to the complete or partial destruction of churches, their looting.
Despite the full tolerance of the Cossacks, the postulate "everyone is free to keep his law", the basis of the Cossack spiritual life was Orthodoxy, and outside of Orthodoxy no Cossacks could exist. It is to him that it owes its origin and that which has survived and survived to the present day. For centuries, the people's Cossack consciousness developed in its spiritual quest for Orthodox canons, the same way Cossack "teachers of the Bible" - world-renowned philosophers such as Grigory Skovoroda - were walking. According to the Cossack, the main value that he receives from God with
life is will. But the will was understood not as freedom from laws, but as freedom of choice.
Looking back at what has been done over the years, we can say that we have witnessed and participated in the revival of Orthodoxy in the Kuban, although there is much work ahead. Pages of the history of the land of Kuban are special pages. We touch them and, as it were, push the curtain of times separating us from the origins of Christianity, the times of the Apostles, and we hear the first call. However, the path to the knowledge of Truth was long, the Light that shone through many centuries.
Bringing up the youth on the folk culture, the history of the Kuban means to preserve the historical continuity of two generations. At the critical stages of modern society, the sense of self-awareness becomes more
acute, the interest to the history, the national culture of the Cossacks increases.
References
1. Bondar V.V. To the history of the military temples of the Black Sea: Kuban collection. 2006. № 1. Krasnodar, S. 483.
2. Bardad V. Architecture of Ekaterinodar .- Krasnodar: Sov. Kuban, 2002.
3. History of the Kuban / ed. V.E. Shchetneva. Krasnodar: The Kuban Book Publishing House, 2004.
4. Maltseva L.V. Cuban studies in the classroom of fine arts in the secondary school. Krasnodar: Tradition, 2010.
5. Maltseva L.V. Development of artistic and creative abilities of schoolchildren with the means of fine arts (based on the material of the non-artistic culture of the Krasnodar Territory). Krasnodar: Ekoinvest, 2009.
6. Smetanyuk A., Petrykina M. Temples of Ekaterinodar .- Krasnodar: ED-VI, 2006.
7. Platov I. Kuban Orthodox-pervozvannaya. - Ta-man-Krasnodar: IPO "Leo Tolstoy", 2000.
8. Chistov K.V. Kuban villages. - Moscow: Nauka, 1967.
СПОСОБЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ТЕЛЕПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ
Марковская В.А.
доцент кафедры патологии Медицинского института
Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, к.б.н.
Яворская О.В. преподаватель медицинского колледжа Медицинского института Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет
METHODS OF IMPLEMENTATION TELEPATHOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE EDUCATIONAL
PROCESS
Markovskaya V.A.
associate Professor of pathology medical Institute
Belgorod state national research University, c.b.n.
Yavorskaya O. V.
teacher of medical College medical Institute Belgorod state national research University
Аннотация
На современном этапе научно-технического прогресса телепатология неуклонно расширяет горизонты своего применения в различных областях науки и техники, в том числе активно внедряются в сферу профилактики, диагностики и лечения заболеваний. Помимо использования телепатологии в клинике, данный подход может использоваться при изучении таких предметов, как патологическая анатомия, гистология и цитология в медицинских ВУЗах. Abstract
At the present stage of scientific and technological progress, telepathology is steadily expanding its application in various fields of science and technology, including actively introduced in the field of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In addition to the use of telepathology in the clinic, this approach can be used in the study of such subjects as pathological anatomy, histology and Cytology in medical Schools. Ключевые слова: телепатология, исследование, микроскоп, микропрепарат. Keywords: telepathology, research, microscope, micropreparation.
Телепатология - это патоморфологическое исследование, проводимое на расстоянии, с использованием передачи изображения через различные каналы связи, и изучение этого изображения не с помощью микроскопа, а на мониторе компьютера [1].Помимо использования телепатологии в клинике, данный подход может использоваться при изучении таких предметов, как патологическая анатомия, гистология и цитология в медицинских ВУЗах. В настоящее время, как правило, для изучения
микропрепаратов на кафедре патологии традиционно используется классическая световая микроскопия, которая подразумевает присутствие студента в учебном практикуме, что исключает самостоятельное изучение предмета во внеучебное время.
В современных условиях концепция телепатологии предполагает использование для этих целей оцифровку полученных с микроскопа изображений и их передачу по каналам сети Internet. Традици-
