CC BY
3
UDK 37.02
Ergashev Yo.Sh.
teacher
Bukhara Academic Lyceum of the Ministry of internal affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan
SPECIFIC EXPRESSION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND
FREEDOMS OF CITIZENS IN THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Annotation: In the article, opinions were put forward that the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan embodies all aspects of the life of the state and society, regulates various public-economic, political-legal relations on the basis of fair principles.
Keywords: Universal Declaration of human rights, UN General Assembly, personal rights and freedoms, Institute "habeas corpus", personal rights and freedoms of citizens.
The independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan has created opportunities for the Uzbek people to set their own rights, to develop a legal democratic state guaranteed human rights.The constitutional law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the basis of State independence" adopted on August 31, 1991, placed special importance on the issue of human rights and established that it is one source of the people's statehood (Article 2). In accordance with the Universal Declaration of human rights adopted at the third session of the UN General Assembly on December 10, 1948, the Republic of Uzbekistan introduced citizenship in the country. All citizens of the country were granted the same civil rights, regardless of nationality, nationality, social origin, religion, etc.
In the section of "fundamental rights, freedoms and duties of man and citizens" of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the rights and obligations of citizens have been defined and established the basis of their legal protection. According to the Constitution,personal rights and freedoms of citizens, political, economic and social rights and freedoms were guaranteed. At the same time, the duties of citizens were fixed. The rights and freedoms of citizens as defined in the Constitution and laws are inviolable, no one has the right to restrict them from depriving them without a court decision.
Personal rights and freedoms of citizens:
- the right to live in the country, to move from one place to another, to come and leave the Republic of Uzbekistan, to freedom and personal security;
- to get acquainted with the documents, decisions and other materials of all state bodies, public associations and officials relating to their rights and interests;
- thinking, thinking and expressing it have the right to speech and e'tiqod erkinligi. Only the state can be limited by law only in the Destiny, which is subject to secrecy and other secrets;
- the right to freedom of conscience, religion or no religion;
- without a court decision, it is impossible to enter someone else's place of residence, search or browse, to disclose the secret of correspondence and conversations on the phone;
- arrest or imprisonment of a citizen not based on the law, subject to torture, violence, cruel or other form of harassment that degrades human dignity;
- the case of each person accused of committing a crime is considered in the water in a legal order, in a transparent manner, and he is not guilty until his fault is clear. All conditions are provided for the self-defense of the accused in court;
- assassination of a person's life is the most serious crime;
- medical or scientific experiments can not be conducted without the consent of a person;
- everyone has the right to protection from encroachments on his honor and reputation, interference with his personal life and inviolability of his residence.
Political freedoms:
- Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall have the right to participate directly in the management of public and state affairs, as well as through their representatives. Such participation is carried out with the will of self-government, the conduct of referendums and the Democratic Organization of state bodies;
- citizens have the right to carry out their social activities in the form of rallies, meetings and demonstrations in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Authorities have the right to stop or prohibit the conduct of such activities only from the point of view of security;
- citizens have the right to organize trade unions, political parties and other public associations, participate in mass actions. No one can humiliate the rights, freedoms and dignity of political oppositionists;
- The Citizen, together with himself and others, has the right to apply to the competent state bodies, institutions or representatives of the people, proposals and complaints.
Economic and social rights:
- every person has the right to become a property owner;
- the secrecy of deposits made by citizens to the bank is guaranteed by law;
- each person has the right to work, to choose a free profession, to protect against unemployment, to rest, to receive paid labor holidays;
- forced labor is prohibited, except for the order of punishment imposed by a court judgment or other circumstances specified in the law;
- according to the citizen, he has the right to receive Social Security in the event of loss of Labor dignity, as well as deprivation of the breadwinner and in other cases provided for by law.
- the use of qualified medical services to citizens, free general education is guaranteed by the state;
- everyone is guaranteed the right to use the achievements of scientific and technical creativity, culture;
On the basis of the Constitution and laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan, human rights and freedoms are guaranteed. Citizens are guaranteed the right to protection through the court in case of violation of their rights.
The Constitution also imposes certain duties on citizens in the interests of the state and the public. These are: obligations of citizens to observe constitutional foundations, respect for the rights, freedoms,honor and dignity of other people; preservation of the historical, spiritual and cultural heritage of Uzbekistan; careful attitude to the environment,the natural environment; protection of the environment by law; protection of the environment and the Environment; Protection of the environment and the Environment; Protection of the environment and-
Gan pay taxes and local fees. Article 52 of the Constitution defines the protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan - the duty of each citizen of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the obligations of citizens to carry out military or alternative services in accordance with the procedure established by law.
In recent years, the role and importance of the Oliy Majlis in the system of state power bodies has significantly increased, the opportunities of the Oliy Majlis in the development and implementation of internal and foreign policy have expanded. At the same time, the Cabinet of Ministers, executive bodies, the printsip and procedure for the organization of the office were changed, the powers of the government were further strengthened, its responsibility before the parliament, before the councils of people's Deputies of the localities of public administration was increased.
The level of maturity of political parties, the legal consciousness of our citizens, the political and legal culture is constantly increasing, without any doubt, the most important basis of these constitutional reforms, they are becoming a decisive condition and pledge of further development.
In the court, the scope of application of the Institute "habeas corpus" has been developed with consistent development of legality, this effective provision of justice in the consideration of criminal cases. Democratic changes in the reform of the information sector, ensuring freedom of speech and information serve to ensure the rights and freedoms of citizens in obtaining and disseminating information, to strengthen the independence of the media, to increase their role in the processes of democratization of the country.
The normative-legal acts adopted in recent years have ensured a radical simplification of the procedure for registration of non-profit organizations, Organization of their activities, further improvement of organizational and legal rights of citizens' self-governing bodies. Today, more than 9 thousand non-profit
organizations operate in various spheres of life of our society in our country. This is 2 times more than in 2010 Year.
In conclusion, it can be said that the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan was recognized not only in our country, but also throughout the world as the basis of our independence, the ignorance of the rights and freedoms of its citizens.
References:
1. Узбекистан Республикасининг Конституцияси. - Т., 2016. - Б.56.
2. Узбекистан Республикаси ва инсон хукуклари буйича халкаро шартномалар. Масъул мухаррир А.Х.Саидов. - Т., 2002. - Б.61.
3. Каримов И.А. Демократик ислохотларни янада чукурлаштириш ва фукаролик жамиятини шакллантириш - мамлакатимиз тараккиётининг асосий мезонидир. Т.19. - Т., 2011. - Б.53.
4. Жамиятда хукукий маданиятни юксалтириш Миллий дастури // Узбекистон Республикаси Олий Мажлисининг ахборотномаси. - 1997. - № 9.
