CC BY
0BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
SPECIES COMPOSITION OF ALGAE FLORA IN PONDS OF DIFFERENT REGIONS OF
UZBEKISTAN
Mustafayeva M.I.,
The teacher of Biology department Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan
Nazarova F.A.,
The teacher of Ecology department Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan
Gafarova S.M.
The teacher of Biology department Bukhara State University, Uzbekistan
Abstract
Algae of biological ponds largely determines the appearance of phytoplankton in different water bodies. The difference in the species composition of algae of biological ponds of treatment facilities from other biological ponds of Uzbekistan and Central Asia is not surprising, as the hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of water bodies have an impact on the composition of the flora.
Keywords: biological pond, treatment, phytoplankton, wastewater, equipment, algae.
At the present stage, industrial methods, such as chemical, physico-chemical, are widely used for water purification. Most of these traditional methods, with sufficient efficiency, are also associated with the need to solve a number of problems, such as high energy costs, increased equipment requirements, complexity in operation, additional chemical treatments, etc., which leads to a significant increase in the cost of water treatment. Therefore, more promising in water purification from pollution can also be a biological method based on the use of natural mechanisms of elimination of regulated ingredients. This method combines the cleaning capacity of soils, communities of micro and macro-phytes, microflora and fauna. Very noticeable interest in the purposeful use of aquatic plants and algae to improve water quality in water bodies.
The main factor affecting the change in the quality of water bodies is municipal wastewater. In treatment facilities the city of Bukhara every day is thrown about
20 thousand m3 of wastewater, which will lead to changes in the chemical and biological composition of water. At the same time, there is no complete picture of the distribution of algae and their role in determining the ecological and sanitary condition of biological ponds of the Bukhara treatment plant, which prompted us to study these important problems.
The species composition of algae flora in ponds of different regions of Uzbekistan and Central Asia is different. These reservoirs differ from each other in area, depth, mineralization, nutrition, location, composition of the dominant species. So in biological ponds of treatment facilities in Bukhara in early spring, late autumn and winter algae found peculiar to the mountain and Northern reservoirs. Spring, summer and early autumn developed more thermophilic forms of algae.
Species composition of algae biological ponds treatment facilities in Bukhara has some common with the flora of the ponds of Uzbekistan and Central Asia. We begin our comparison in the ponds of Uzbekistan and Central Asia. When comparing the flora of algae in biological ponds of treatment facilities with some other places in Uzbekistan and Central Asia and here you can
see that it has much in common with the flora of other regions.
The study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of algae in ponds of the fish farm Kalgan Chirchik in Tashkent region, as well as the frequency of its development seasons were studied Pr. Sake (1965) and identified 522 taxa, of which blue-green -87, -6 Golden, diatoma -209, dinovita -6, -37 botanists, green-yellow -4, green -172. In the list of detected algae fish farm Kalgan Chirchik, 56 species of algae similar to our research. As, for example, Merismopedia punctata, Gomfhosphaeria lacustris, Pediastrum duplex, P. simplex. Tetraedron minimum,
University, of the 24 species was discovered in ponds of biological treatment facilities in the city of Bukhara: Oscillatoria amoena, O. amphibia, O. tenuis, Achnanthes lanceolata, Cumbella affinis, Navicula cincta, Dictyospsvaerium pulchellum, Scenedesmus acuminatus, Stigeoclonium tenue, and others. Also A. E. Ergashev (1974) studied the algal flora of the ponds of the farm. Kalinina Yakkabag district of Kashkadarya region. As a result of processing of the collected algological material and found - 118 taxa of them blue-green -38, diatoma -68, euglenic -12, green -2.
Similar our species was 32: lacteirens Oscillatoria, O. grinceps, O. woronichinii, Phormidium tenue, Gloecapsa tarrgida, mastogloia smittii, M. baltica, Nitzshia sigina, N. signoidea, N. trublionella, oxyuris Euglena, Chlorella vulgaris, and others. The ponds of the fish Akkurgan district of Tashkent region were collected 104 algologies trial and the treatment was found 168 taxa, of which blue-green -28, 64- diatoma, green -58. (Ergashev, 1974 ) found algae common to our ponds, -17, including common are Microcystis aeruginosa, M. pulverea, Gomphosphaeria lacustris, Anabaena flosague of blue-green; Cyclotella kuetzingiana, C. meneghiana, Fragilara crotoneusis Melosira granulata, F. capucina of diatoma; euglenoids Euglena oxyuris from; Chlamydomonos ehrenberii, Dalmella microscopica is, Tetrraedron minimum, Pediadtrum duplex, P. simplex, Scenedesmus guadricauda, S. abliguus and other green algae. Ponds Tashkent fish nursery recorded 118 species and
varieties of algae, consisting of 118 taxa of which blue-14, diatoma -18, euglenic -22, green -78. (Ergashev, 1974).
Similar to ours are Oscillatoria amphibia, Lungbua aestuarii from blue-green, Synedra ulna, Nitzschia sigmoidea diatom from; Euglena texta, E. proxima, E. gracilis of ecology; Golenkinia radiata, Dictyosphaerium ehrenbergienum, Sphaerocustis schroeterii, Cladophora glomerata from green algae. The ponds of the fish Damasi Tashkent region found 75 species and forms of algae, of which blue-green - 28, diatoma -2, -1 botanists, green 20. (Ergashev,1979) in Common with our 14 was Microcystis aeruginoza f.flos-aguae, Oscillatoria princeps, O. terebriformis, O. ornate, O. irrigua and then from blue-green; Navicula radiosa, Nitzschia sigmoidea diatom from, guadricauda Scenedesmus, ankistrodesmus angustris and other green algae.
Algae ponds fish farm Chimkent region of Kazakhstan, studied by E. Ergashev (1974) and found 61 species and form of them blue-green-7, diatoma -12, dinofa -2, euglena -6, green -30. Similar to our ponds are the following: Microcystis pulverea F. holsetica, Oscillatoria tenuis, Phormidium ambiguum, P. simplex and others green. Composition of algae in ponds of the fish farm in Almaty Kazakhstan studied by A. E. Er-gashev (1941) and found 250 species and forms of algae, blue-green of them -61, 77- diatoma, green -93.
Overall our ponds turned out, Microcystis aeru-ginosa, Microcystis aeruginosa f.flos-aguae, M. grevil-lei, Merismopedia tenuissima, Anabaena heterosproza, A. viguieri, A. culindrica, Aphenizomenon flos ague, Oscillatoria chalybea, O. princeps, O. sancta, O. terebriformis, O. irrigua, O. limosa, O. brevis, Spiruina jenneri and blue-green; Synedra ulna, Fragilaria crotoonensis, Cymbella cistula, Navicula radiosa, Nitzschia palea, N. sigmoidea, and then from diatoma, Pediastrum boryanum, P. tetras, P. duplex, P. simplex, Binuelaria lauterbornii, Coelastrum eticulatum, C.
sphaercum, Scenedesmus lijugatis, S. guadricauda, An-kistrodesmus pseudoinirabilis, A. densus and drugies green; proxima Euglena and other euglenoids from algae.
For comparison of common algae in our ponds flora of pond farm Frunze state fish farm reviewed by A. E. Ergashev (1974). There were 82 species and forms of algae, of which are common with our 18 taxa, such are: - Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis aeruginosa f.flos aquae, Cyclotella opericulata, Synedra ulna, Nitzschia sigmoidea, Palmellocsis planctonica, Scenedesmus bijugatus, S. quadricauda, S. acuminatus var.biseriatus, Dictyosphaerium simplex, Euglena caustatum var.minor, etc.
Another study by Ergashev (1974) is the pond of the Botanical garden of the Osh pedagogical Institute of 120 taxa. For comparison, the community of algae of biological ponds of our 30 species and varieties such as Microcystis aeruginosa, Merismopedia punctata, M. elegans, Oscillatoria limosa, O. terebriformis, Synedra ulna, Cocconeis placentula, Pediastrum duplex, P. simplex, Palmellocystis planctonica, Scenedesmus acuminatus, S. guadricauda and others.
Some algae in the biological ponds, treatment facilities in the city of Bukhara are General ponds Suzak district of Jalal-Abad region. The following are common: Merismopedia punctata, M. glauca, M. elegans, M. tenissima, Oscillatoria amphibia, O. terebriformis, Peridinium incenspicuum, Phacus pleuronectus, Dictyosphaerium simplex, Scenedesmus acuminatus, S. quadricauda and so on.
References
1. Эргашев А.Э. Роль экологических факторов среды в развитии и распределении водорослей. Биология, экология и география споровых растений Средней Азии. Ташкент: Фан, 1971, с. 83-122.
2. Эргашев А.Э. Закономерности развития и распределения альгофлоры в искусственных водоемах Средней Азии. Ташкент, фан,1979, 358 с.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ГОРОДСКИХ ОЧИСТНЫХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ НА СОСТОЯНИЕ РЕКИ КУБАНЬ
Теучеж А.А.
кандидат биологических наук, доцент, ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный аграрный университет имени И. Т. Трубилина»,
Россия, г. Краснодар.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE CITY SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS ON THE STATE OF THE
KUBAN RIVER
Teuchezh A.A.
Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, FGBOU VO "Kuban State Agrarian University named after IT Trubilin,
Russia, Krasnodar.
Аннотация
В статье представлены результаты исследований очистных сооружений города Краснодара. Представлены данные по основным видам загрязняющих веществ, попадающим в реку Кубань. Были изучены ор-ганолептические свойства воды реки Кубань и очищенных сточных вод.
