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SOMATIC PHRASEOLOGICAL UNIT
Yuldashev M.
Namangan Institute of Engineering and Technology, Uzbekistan
ABSTRACT
This article states about the importance of using Phraseology. Here is said that phraseological system reflects the rich historical heritage and customs of any nation; it is passed on from one generation to another. Abundance of idioms forming the system is a result of enriching a language and speech.
Keywords: semantic and structural inseparable word combinations, separate words' meanings, morphology studies words' structure, phraseological units, syntax, research, interconnected systems, various features, expresses.
The phraseological units of somatic component consisting of the word "Bosh" (meaning "head") in Uzbek language are divided into following semantic groups:
Lexical somatic word "Bosh" has many features of making new phraseological meaning such as "Inson tanasining bir qismi" (meaning as "a part form human body"). There more than 90 forms of somatic phraseologies with the word "Bosh". There is some somatic phraseology in Uzbek language which consists of history, culture, customs, tradition and national morality of Uzbek people.
1. The word "Bosh" is a substitution of man in lexis: "hammaning (kimsaning) boshida bor" (word by word "everybody has on his head" which meaning as "fate").
2. Somatic phraseologies which showing psychological condition of a person:
A) Become or feel happy: "boshi osmonga yetdi" or "boshi ko'kka yetdi" (word by word "his head reached into the sky" which means as "to become so happy").
B) Become or feel unhappy: "boshi g'avgoda" (word by word "his head in mess" which means as "to become unhappy or feel bad").
C) Shame or disgrace: "boshini ham qildi" which means as "to feel disgrace"
3. Somatic component "bosh" in the phraseological units seldom can be used as the meaning of "human brain" in lexeme: "boshi ishlaydi" (word by word "his head works" which means as "clever").
4. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "punishment": "boshida danak chaqdi"(word by word "to cut the stone on his head"), "boshida yong'oq chaqdi"(word by word "to cut the nut on his head"), "boshida tegirmon toshi yurgizdi"(word by word "to run the mill on his head") which all means as "misfortune, sorrow".
5. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "illness": "boshi yostiqqa tegdi" (word by word "his head hit the pillow" which means as "to feel ill").
6. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "death or abolish": "boshini yedi" (word by word "he ate his head" which means as "he abolished or died").
7. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "misfortune, unhappiness, sorrow": "boshi baloga qolib ketdi" (word by word "his head under disaster" which means as "he meets with misfortune").
8. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "bravery and courage": "boshini tikdi" (word by word "to stick his head" which means as "ready for giving his life").
9. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "care and anxiety": "boshini siladi" (word by word "to rub his head" which means as "to take care for something or somebody").
10. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "more or many": "boshidan oshib yotibdi" "boshi-dan oshib- toshib yotibdi" (word by word "lying over his head" which means as "many works to do").
11. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "rejection": "bosh tortdi" (word by word "take off his head" which means as "reject or refuse").
12. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "esteem and respect": "boshiga ko'tarmoq", "bosh-iga ko'tarib yurmoq" (word by word "to raise his head" which means as "respect deeply").
13. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "control": "bosh qosh bolmoq", (word by word "to become head and eyebrow" which means as "to control something").
14. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "beg or swear": "bosh egmoq", (word by word "to bend the head" which means as "to beg, to ask for excuse").
15. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "being busy": "bosh qashgani qo'l tegmaydi", (word by word "no time for scratching the head" which means as "being so busy").
16. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "being in difficult situation, being in hard situation": "boshini qayyoqqa urushni bilmaslik", (word by word "not knowing where to hit the head" which means as "being in difficult situation not knowing how to solve the problem").
17. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "no difference or insignificant": "boshi oqqan tomonga ketish", (word by word "going to anywhere his head tells" which means as "going to anywhere without any difference").
18. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "to make noise": "boshiga ko'tardi", (word by word "to take over the head" which means as "to make noise loudly").
19. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "unity or friendship": "bir yoqadan bosh chiqardi", (word by word "head out from one side" which means as "to do something in unity or in friendly manner").
There more than 70 forms of somatic phraseologies with the word "Ko'z" (meaning "Eye") in Uzbek language. The phraseological units of somatic component consisting of the word "Ko'z" (meaning "Eye") in Uzbek language are divided into following semantic groups:
1. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "seeing ability": "ko'zi tushdi", "ko'zi tushib qoldi" (word by word "his eye fell down" which means as "to see suddenly").
2. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "imagination": "ko'z oldiga keldii", "ko'z oldiga keltirdi" (word by word "to come / bring to his eyes" which means as "to imagine").
3. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "dream or sleep": "ko'zi ketdi", (word by word "his eyes gone" which means as "to sleep").
4. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "psychological condition of a person": "ko'zlari yonib ketdi" (word by word "his eyes burned which means as "to be so happy").
5. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "deceive, cheat": "ko'zini bo'yadi", "ko'zni bo'yadi"
(word by word "to paint the eye which means as "to cheat").
6. Phraseological unit with "bad eye" which shows the meaning of "to look in strange way": "ko'z tegdi", "ko'zi tegdi" (word by word "his eyes hit someone" which means as "to look at somebody strangely").
7. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "to die": "dunyodan ko'z yumdi" (word by word "to close the eyes from the world which means as "to die").
8. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "to live or alive": "ko'zi ochiq" "ko'zi ochiqligida" (word by word "his eyes are open" "when his eyes are open" the world which means as "while he was alive" "while he was still living").
9. Phraseological unit which shows the meaning of "to wait for", "to wait without impatiently": "ko'z tikdi" "ko'zi to'rt bo'ldi" (word by word "he gives his eyes" "he has for eyes" the world which means as "to wait for somebody or something", "to wait impatiently").
10. Mimic phraseology with "Ko'z" (Eye) component: "ko'z qisdi"(wink eyes), "ko'zi qisdi"(he winked his eyes) which means "to look at strangely"
While doing a research on Phraseological units we have came across that they occur on the semantic base and lexical somatic words can lean competitive meaning. Following rule can occur after abovementined that: all meanings of lexical somatic words cannot give proper meaning. For this reason pharaseological unit of somatic words may not have same semantic meaning in Uzbek and English languages.
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