1Tashkent State University of Economics
Uzbekistan - 2030 Strategy:
SCIENCE, STRATEGIES AND THEIR PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF NEW UZBEKISTAN
Tura Norboev
Doctor of Political Science, Professor of the Department of Social Sciences of Tashkent State University of Economics
Maftuna Akhmatova
Student of the Tashkent State University of Economics
ABSTRACT
The article analyzez the main directions of the «Uzbekistan - 2030» strategy. General conclusions were made about the role of this strategy in the development of the new Uzbekistan.
Keywords: Uzbekistan - 2030 strategy, stable economic growth, strong social protection, rule of law, pragmatic foreign policy.
As we know, six years ago, on the initiative of the President, the "Action Strategy" of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021 was adopted, which included five priori- ty areas of socio-economic development. As part of its implementation, about 300 laws, over 4,000 de- crees and resolutions of the President were adopted, aimed at radically reforming all sectors of state and public life. As its logical continuation, the Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan was approved (of January 28, 2022), which puts forward the basic prin- ciple: "The state shall be for the people." The realiza- tion of human potential constantly requires the search for new requirements, taking into account the current complex unforessen geopolitical circumstances.
In the process of logical continuation of the con- struction of New Uzbekistan, the third strategy was adopted. The demand and relevance of adoption in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of September 11, 2023 No. UP-158 "On the Strategy "Uzbekistan-2030" ensures high-quality and timely implementation of the Strate- gy "Uzbekistan-2030" in the "Year of Caring for Peo- ple and quality education".
The "Uzbekistan-2030" Strategy identifies the following priority areas: The Strategy "Uzbekistan-2030", combining five directions and one hundred goals, focuses on reforms in the field of education, which have always been considered relevant. As our great theologian and ju- rist Imam Bukhari said 12
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centuries ago: "There is no salvation in the world except knowledge". Unlike the two previous strategies, the priorities in the Strategy "Uzbekistan-2030" are:
The first direction. "Creating decent conditions for realizing the potential of each person through education".
The following goals and objectives have been de- fined in this direction:
(1) One hundred percent provision of children with school and preschool age with clean drinking water.
(2) Provide them with modern sanitary and hy- gienic infrastructure.
(3) To bring educational places to 7.5 million seats
(4) To create 208 schools under the motto: "Tal- ent-Aspiration-the Future".
(5) Also, 500 specialists of native speakers from abroad are to be attracted annually.
(6) Thousands of educators and teachers must undergo advanced training and internships in foreign countries such as Finland, USA, France, Italy, Germa- ny, Spain and other countries.
(7) To double the salary of teachers of preschool and secondary schools.
(8) It is also necessary to take into account the ge- ographical location of our country, taking into account the remoteness of some regions.
(9) Provide free meals and buses for school stu- dents
(10) To double the number of state grants for ad- mission to higher education institutions.
(11) From the budget to double the annual ex- penditure on healthcare.
The second direction. Ensuring the well-being of the population through sustainable economic growth.
In the next 7 years, to double the economic potential and become one of the countries with an in- come above average. It is also planned to increase the GDP up to 160 billion dollars. Per capita income is to be raised up to $4,000.
Stable economic development is the basis of the well-being of the population. One of the criteria for stable economic development is the development of industry with a volume (products with) added value, which is planned to reach 45 billion dollars. Create 2.5 million high-income jobs.
The history of economically developed countries shows that no country can achieve great success with- out attracting foreign investment. In accordance with the Strategy "Uzbekistan-2030", Uzbekistan should implement $250 billion of targeted investment pro- grams over 7 years. When it comes to stablize eco- nomic development and to improve the welfare of the population, the banking system plays
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the role of inter- nal blood circulation of the body, and in this our Uz- bekistan is no exception. In accordance with the goals of the second direction, there is a need for the pri- vatization of the banking system. As practice shows, three or four banks should remain as state-owned, the rest should be transferred to private individuals. Here there is a need to attract three or four or more of the most reputable foreign banking resources to our coun- try. Consistently bring the three banks to the rules and criteria of the Islamic Development Bank. When it comes to stable economic development, 85% of non- state sectors should be provided for the economy. The share of the state in the economy must be reduced by six times. The stable development of the economy and the improvement of the welfare of the population largely depends on the reduction of the state monop- oly. Therefore, the task is to abolish 17 types of state monopoly.
The third direction. Saving of water resources and environmental protection within the frame-work of the Strategy "Uzbekistan-2030".
This was stated by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev in 2017, speaking at the UN summit on the equitable distribution of water resources in the Central Asian states. The relevance of this issue was building a new, democratic, legal, social and secular fifth summit of the consultative meeting of the heads of Central Asian states in Dushanbe on September 14, 2023.
As we know, water is crucial for ensuring life on Earth and preserving the ecosystem. The water enve- lope of the globe-oceans, seas, rivers, lakes-covers 70.8% of the earth's surface. Of the 326071300 cubic meters of water, 97.5% is in the oceans. It is no coinci- dence that the great philosophers of antiquity said that the first source of existence is water, the meaning of water is the cradle of life. Special attention was paid to the Milesian thinker Thales, Anaximenes, Anax- imander. The beginning of his life, Thales preferred water. He was "the first mathematician" and "the first astronomer physicist". The next hotbed of Ionian phi- losophy after Miletus was Ephesus, the birthplace of the philosopher Heraclitus. The significance and merit of Heraclitus in the history of philosophy is that he introduced the position of the dialectical development of the world as a necessary inherent regularity of matter. The dialectical unity of opposites is formed by Heraclitus as a constantly emerging harmony of mu- tually complementary opposites. He formulated the basic principles of his philosophy in a number of well- known aphorisms: "Everything flows, everything changes", "You can't enter the same river twice", etc.
Today, about a billion people in the world do not have access to safe drinking water. About 3 billion. (40% of the world's population) lacks water for house- hold
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needs, and 3.4 million people die annually from diseases related to the quality and shortage of water.
The history of the development of human civiliza- tion and many wars occurred because of water. In the process of studying wars between states and peoples, there have been 1,831 different conflicts. There are a lot of such examples. According to the analysis of British researchers in the next 30-50 years among the countries, 33 states will be acutely aware of the short- age of drinking water, including the states of Central Asia, especially Uzbekistan. One of the priority areas is the conservation of water resources and environ- mental protection.
The fourth direction. The strategy "Uzbe kistan-2030" is to ensure the rule of law, the or ganization of public administration focused on serving the people. The goal of the rule of law is the elimination of bureaucracy, the creation of additional amenities, the eradication of excessive red tape in the provision of public services to the population.
The establishment of effective judicial control over the activities of State bodies and officials, the fur- ther development of the administrative justice system are identified as a priority task.There are many problems to be solved here, in- cluding the continuation of judicial reform, ensuring both the priority of interests and human rights.
The fifth direction. Within the framework of the Strategy "Uzbekistan-2030", there must be a consistent continuation of the policy based on the principles of "a safe and peaceful state. Thanks to the activities and political will of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev, the Central Asian region is becoming more open, where the pri ority is the supremacy of the interests of the people of Uzbekistan.
The leadership of Uzbekistan conducts a pragmat ic and balanced foreign policy. The implementation of peaceful neighborly relations between Uzbekistan and other states was emphasized by prominent political figures, heads of states, in particular, by US President Joe Biden, Chinese President Xi Jinping, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and heads of EU states, such as German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, French President Emmanuel Macron, Italian Prime Minister George Meloni and others. This is an excellent indicator of support to the direction of Uzbekistan's foreign policy by other states.
At the same time, in the foreign trade and econom- ic policy of Uzbekistan, there are a number of problems to be solved in the strategy "Uzbekistan-2030":First, it is improving the quality of education as the foundation for building a New
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Uzbekistan and the foundations of the Third Renaissance.Second, due to the lack of access to the seas and oceans, it is necessary to solve transport and logistics problems as one of the main factors in increasing ex- ports of goods produced in Uzbekistan and imports.Third, to become WTO membership in the com ing years. Fourth, to mare poverty reduction, especially in remote regions. Fifth, this is the problem of labor and intellectual migration of young people. Sixth, the prevention of religious radicalism. Seventh, mass involvement of young people inentrepreneurship.
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