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Mamadaliev Sh.M.
Namangan Engineering-Construction Institute Republic of Uzbekistan, Namangan district
Turgunov A.A.
Namangan Engineering-Construction Institute Republic of Uzbekistan, Namangan district
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING MACHINES AND MECHANISMS ON LIVESTOCK FARMS
Abstract. In this article the machine anddedicated to safety precautions when using machinery, with all machinery, machinery and equipment of a livestock farmabout industrial hazards and measures to prevent them information provided.
Key words: Risk, safety methods, loading operations, equipment repair, equipment adjustment, maintenance, electrical equipment.
The main goal of state policy in the field of labor protection is to preserve the life and health of workers in the process of their work.
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to create a coherent occupational safety and health management system (OSMS) and ensure the smooth functioning of all its constituent links - management entities both at the federal level and at the levels of constituent entities and municipalities.
The objects of management are enterprises, organizations, institutions where issues of preserving the life and health of workers in the process of work are practically resolved.
An OSMS in an organization is understood as part of the overall management system of the organization, ensuring the management of risks in the field of health and safety associated with the activities of the organization.
Organizations form their own OSMS aimed at implementing labor protection requirements. The system is an organizational structure that carries out planning activities, distribution of responsibilities, development, implementation and achievement of goals, analysis of the effectiveness of labor protection policies and measures in the organization.
The head of the organization responsible for labor protection, in accordance with established regulatory requirements, ensures the development, implementation and operation of an OSMS mainly with the help of labor protection specialists. The tasks of the latter include organizing employees' compliance with labor protection requirements, monitoring their compliance, preventing accidents and occupational diseases, preventing workers from being exposed to hazardous and harmful production factors, informing the employer and employees on labor protection issues, as well as disseminating and promoting advanced achievements. in the field of labor protection.
Vehicles used on a livestock farm must meet the requirements of technical documentation, be in good condition and driven by an employee who has the right to drive a tractor.
Loading and unloading operations must comply with all requirements and standards developed for the livestock industry, and equipment for milking cows must also meet the requirements of technical documentation. If the refrigerator is used in a livestock farm, technical requirements and safety regulations must be observed during its installation and use.
All equipment, machinery and fixtures of the livestock farm must be periodically inspected by appropriate specialists within the established time limits. When performing other work related to inspection, adjustment, repair and maintenance, it is necessary to stop mechanisms and machines and turn off electrical devices.
After turning off the machines, when checking, adjusting or repairing the cutting devices of the machines, it is necessary to securely secure all working parts to prevent spontaneous rotation of this mechanism.
Before starting the machine, it is necessary to check the reliability of fastening of the opening part of the cutter body. When preparing the grinder for work, it is necessary to check the balancing of the working disk, the fastening of its blades, as well as the hammer and cutting bar. In this case, it is necessary to check the serviceability and reliability of fastening the grinding chamber cover and protective devices to the gears.
In the process of checking, adjusting, lubricating the grinder, for example, replacing screens, tightening bolted connections, cleaning magnetic separators, the machine must be stopped and disconnected from the power supply. Root cutters, root washing machines and other machines for processing root crops should be installed on leveled (concreted) areas. All machines must meet sanitary requirements and comply with technical documentation. Before using the root cutting washer, you must carefully check its operation, the fastening of all parts, especially the adjustment of the cutting apparatus. Repair, inspection and adjustment of these machines are carried out when they are completely stopped. A separate room is required to install the root trimming washer. Space heating and wastewater drainage are required. The passages in this room must be comfortable and filling them with root vegetables and other foreign objects is strictly prohibited.
Livestock farms use ground transportation.
When installing rails and conveyors, the following requirements must be observed:
1) taking into account slopes that can lead to independent movement of strollers;
2) monitoring the serviceability of load-bearing columns, the strength and reliability of suspension fastening.
When moving carts, workers must be behind the cart in the direction of travel. Each wheelchair must have a maximum load capacity marked on it. Corridors should be illuminated for night work. Special stops must be installed at the ends of railway tracks to prevent the possibility of trolleys derailing.
To check, adjust, lubricate, clean, tighten or repair a conveyor chain, first disconnect it from the power supply, i.e. should be stopped completely.
The paths for transferring manure to the conveyor must be equipped with barriers made of steel pipes or fittings; their height must be more than 1.6 m. When starting the conveyor, it is necessary to ensure that there are no foreign objects on it.
Livestock farm equipment may be equipped with automatic devices, the functionality of which should be checked at least once a year. The operation of remote devices should be checked daily. It is strictly forbidden to use faulty automatic devices.
Using portable electric flashlights with a voltage of no more than 12 V, electric lamps can be replaced by pocket or battery-powered flashlights when inspecting the internal parts of compressors and apparatus. It is strictly forbidden to use open flames or smoke while performing this work.
Only workers who are familiar with their equipment and the rules for its maintenance are allowed to service milking machines on a livestock farm. Insulation of electrical cables and wires of the device must be intact, undamaged and protected from possible mechanical damage. Electrical equipment and vacuum devices must be properly grounded. It is prohibited to use milking machines unless these requirements are met. To avoid accidents if the insulation of the electrical parts of the milking machine is broken, a 0.5 m long rubber tube (or other insulating material) should be installed between the electrical wiring and the vacuum pump. Do not work without safety glasses when cutting glass pipes.
When using strong cleaning agents, as well as disinfectants and other chemicals on a livestock farm, workers must be provided with the necessary personal protective equipment. This could be rubber gloves, boots, aprons and other special clothing.Accidents can be prevented by following these safety rules when using machinery on livestock farms.
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