CC BY
50Remarkable lichen diversity in the old manor park Osinovaya Roscha
(St. Petersburg, Russia)
D. E. Himelbrant1, 2, I. S. Stepanchikova1, 2, L. V. Gagarina2, A. G. Tsurykau3, 4,
L. A. Konoreva2, 5
1St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia 2Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia 3Francisk Skorina Gomel State University, Gomel, Belarus 4Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia
5Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, Kirovsk, Russia Corresponding author: D. E. Himelbrant, d_brant@mail.ru
Abstract. The revealed lichen diversity of the historical territory Osinovaya Roscha has a total of 230 species, including 206 lichenized, 17 lichenicolous, and seven non-lichenized saprobic fungi. Epithamnolia xanthoriae is new to North-Western European Russia; Arthonia vinosa, Caloplaca ahtii, Cladonia merochlorophaea, Hawksworthiana peltigericola, Lecania erysibe, Rinodina pityrea, Rosel-liniella cladoniae, Taeniolina scripta, and Trichonectria rubefaciens are new to St. Petersburg. In total, eight lichen species reported from Osinovaya Roscha are red-listed in St. Petersburg. In spite of small size of this area, the lichen diversity of Osinovaya Roscha is high compared to other territories in the city, and is worthy of protection.
Keywords: lichen biota, lichenicolous fungi, new records, protected species, North-West European Russia.
Примечательное разнообразие лишайников старого усадебного парка Осиновая Роща (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)
Д. Е. Гимельбрант1, 2, И. С. Степанчикова1, 2, Л. В. Гагарина2, А. Г. Цуриков3, 4,
Л. А. Конорева2, 5
'Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Санкт-Петербург, Россия
2Ботанический институт им. В. Л. Комарова РАН, Санкт-Петербург, Россия 3Гомельский государственный университет им. Ф. Скорины, Гомель, Беларусь 4Самарский национальный исследовательский университет, Самара, Россия 5Полярно-альпийский ботанический сад-институт КНЦ РАН, Кировск, Россия Автор для переписки: Д. Е. Гимельбрант, d_brant@mail.ru
Резюме. Выявленное разнообразие лишайников исторической территории Осиновая Роща насчитывает 230 видов, в том числе 206 лишайников, 17 лихенофильных и семь нелихенизи-рованных сапротрофных грибов. Epithamnolia xanthoriae обнаружен впервые на Северо-Западе европейской части России; Arthonia vinosa, Caloplaca ahtii, Cladonia merochlorophaea, Hawk-sworthiana peltigericola, Lecania erysibe, Rinodina pityrea, Roselliniella cladoniae, Taeniolina scripta и Trichonectria rubefaciens являются новыми для Санкт-Петербурга. Восемь видов лишайников,
https://doi.org/10.31111/nsnr/2022.56.1.103
103
обнаруженных в Осиновой Роще, занесены в Красную книгу Санкт-Петербурга. Несмотря на небольшую площадь территории, лихенобиота Осиновой Рощи богата и разнообразна по сравнению с другими территориями города и заслуживает особой охраны.
Ключевые слова: лихенобиота, лихенофильные грибы, новые находки, охраняемые виды, Северо-Запад Европейской России.
Old parks are one of the most remarkable features of St. Petersburg. Long history and location close to the Baltic Sea predict its high biological diversity. It is noteworthy that old parks are areas where many groups of organisms, including lichens, can survive in an urban environment. St. Petersburg is a city with the most studied lichen diversity in Russia (Krasnaya..., 2018b; Stepanchikova et al., 2020). Nevertheless, lichens of many historical palaces and manor parks are still investigated insufficiently, and therefore their diversity is not properly estimated.
Osinovaya Roscha old manor park is one of the most prominent due to its long history, landscape, and diverse plant communities. Since 1710, the area of Osinovaya Roscha (Haapakangas in Finnish) has been several times changed. The manor was founded soon after 1777 when Ekaterina II presented this territory to count G. A. Po-temkin. The park was established around the same period by English gardener William Gould (Aleksandrova, 2008). After the Oktober revolution the manor was used as agricultural school, sovkhoz, and sanatorium. During World War II, the palace was used as a rest house, and after the war it was occupied by military unit. In 1991 the manor was burnt.
Nowadays Osinovaya Roscha is a relatively small proposed protected area in the northernmost part of Vyborg District of St. Petersburg (Fig. 1). Osinovaya Roscha was proposed to be protected for its landscape, plant communities and biodiversity. According to the Law of St. Petersburg no. 421-83 dated 2 VII 2014, ecological inventory should be organized for this area in order to decide whether it should finally become a natural protected area. Our study was in frame of such inventory made by Komarov Botanical Institute RAS and organized by Directorate of Nature Protected Areas of St. Petersburg.
Moraine hills and lowlands between them, partly transformed by military constructions, form the relief. There are four big lakes and one little one within the study area. The territory includes the ruins of the palace (now in the process of reconstruction), the remaining part of the manor park, partly managed, partly evolved to a deciduous forest with young Acer platanoides L. trees and dense undergrowth formed by Sorbus aucuparia L. and Prunuspadus L. Old trees in the park are represented mostly by Tilia spp. (T. cordata Mill. and T.platyphyllos Scop.), also Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior L., Quercus robur L., Ulmus spp. (U. glabra Huds. and rarer U. laevis Pall.), Larix sp., and some Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. and Pinus sylvestris L. are present. The former manor park is surrounded by bogs with young open pine stands, and secondary spruce, pine, and mixed [with Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula spp. (B. pendula Roth and B. pubescens Ehrh.), Alnus incana (L.) Moench] forests. Populus tremula L., in spite of the name "Osinovaya Roscha", is very rare in the study area. The territory
is partly occupied by horse riding club, former military buildings, and private gardens. The proposed protected territory Osinovaya Roscha is restricted by Vyborgskoe and Priozerskoe highways and the border of the Leningrad Region and has a total area of 1.9 km2 (Fig. 2).
Fig. 1. The location of the study area in the limits of St. Petersburg.
Lichen investigations started in this territory at the end of the eighteenth century. Grigory F. Sobolewski reported 13 taxa under the generic names "Lepra" and "Lichen" from the locality "Osinovae Roschczae" (Sobolewski, 1799, 1802). Unfortunately, the fate and place of storage of the Sobolewski's collections is still unclear, probably all specimens were lost (Kolchinsky et al, 2004). Among the taxa reported by Sobolewski, two obviously refer to algae (Lepra jolithus and L. rubens), but other 11 represent nine lichen species in modern understanding. Fragmentary collections were also made in the manor park in August 1930 by N. M. Kartashova and M. A. Geyer, but only eight unidentified specimens and one identified voucher were found in lichen herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Peters-
Fig. 2. Map of the study area, with the location of sampling areas (indicated numbers 1-26) and additional collection points (indicated with a1-a7).
burg, Russia (LE). The attempt of special investigation of Osinovaya Roscha manor park was made in 1995 by Natalia V. Malysheva, who reported 35 species (Malysheva, 2001, 2003). We tried to find any specimens from Osinovaya Roscha collected by Ma-
lysheva both in her personal herbarium and in LE but did not achieve any result. Altogether 43 species of lichens were published before our study, and only few specimens (mostly unpublished) were found in visited herbaria. Our investigation is devoted to comprehensive study of lichens and allied fungi of the Osinovaya Roscha manor park and its neighborhood as a proposed protected area.
Material and Methods
The main part of specimens were collected by Dmitry E. Himelbrant (DH), Irina S. Stepanchikova (IS), and Ludmila V. Gagarina (LG) in September 2013, September and October 2021. Andrei G. Tsurykau (AT), DH, and IS additionally collected specimens of lichenicolous fungi within some most interesting sample plots in November 2021. Altogether 32 localities were investigated (Fig. 1): 26 standard sample areas (SA) (20 x 20 m, otherwise in natural boundaries of the community), where the lichen diversity on each substrate was described as detailed as possible, and six additional plots, where only most interesting substrates and species were recorded. Geographical coordinates are given in the coordinate system WGS 1984.
Chromatography was performed by IS according to the standard techniques of high performance thin-layer chromatography using solvent systems A, B, and C (Orange et al, 2001). The nomenclature of taxa generally follows recently published checklist for Scandinavia (Westberg et al, 2021) and for lichenicolous fungi (Diederich et al, 2018; Lawrey, Diederich, 2018). The lichen specimens were mainly identified by DH, IS, LG, and Liudmila A. Konoreva (LK) (Micarea spp.), most specimens of lichenicolous fungi were identified or confirmed by AT, if otherwise, the names of identifiers are indicated in the species list. The specimens of regionally rare species, including new species to St. Petersburg, are deposited mainly in the herbarium of the Department of Botany, St. Petersburg State University (LECB). Few specimens (indicated in the list of species) are kept in the herbaria of Francisk Skorina Gomel State University (GSU), University of Helsinki (H), and Komarov Botanical Institute (LE).
Sampling locations (Fig. 2)
Standard sample areas. Saint Petersburg, Vyborgsky District, proposed protected area Osinovaya Roscha: 1 — between Priozerskoe Highway and Lake Bolshoe, 60°06'56.7"N, 30°15'31.0"E, young spruce-pine forest with mosses, Vaccinium myrtillus L., and ferns in depression, 9 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Gagarina Osin-1; 2 — ibid., 60°07'02.2"N, 30°15'39.2"E, young linden forest, 9 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Gagarina Osin-2; 3 — between Priozerskoe Highway and Lake Sred-nee, 60°06'41.7"N, 30°15'30.8"E, old broadleaved and coniferous trees with maple undergrowth (remnants of the old park), 10 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Gagarina Osin-3; 4 — ibid., 60°06'49.6"N, 30°15'26.0"E, young aspen stand with dense Spiraea salicifolia L. thickets in depression, 10 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Gagarina Osin-4; 5 — E to Lake Bolshoe and S to Lake Glukhoe, 60°07'05.4"N, 30°15'26.1"E, open middle-aged birch forest with graminoid glade, 10 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Gagarina Osin-5; 6 — between Priozerskoe Highway and Lake Glukhoe, 60°07'10.5"N, 30°15'42.1"E, young boggy birch-pine forest with Calla palustris L. and Vaccinium myrtillus-Sphagnum sp. on bumps, 10 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Gagarina Osin-6; 7 — between Priozerskoe Highway and Lake Srednee, 60°06'44.3"N, 30°15'40.6"E, old broadleaved and coniferous trees with maple undergrowth (remnants of the old park), 10 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Gagarina Osin-7; 8 — WNW to Lake
Glukhoe, 60°07'16.2"N, 30°15'45.1"E, young shadowy spruce-pine forest with birch on local elevation, destroyed by recreation, trenches and dugouts, 19 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-8; 9 — WNW to Lake Glukhoe, 60°07'16.3"N, 30°15'43.2"E, road and roadside heaps with Deschampsiaflexuosa (L.) Trin. and Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt, 19 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-9; 10 — NW to Lake Glukhoe, 60°07'22.9"N, 30°15'52.7"E, young gray alder-birch forest with graminoids and grasses near the road, 19 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova 0sin-10; 11 — N to Lake Glukhoe, pipeline cut, 60°07'26.9"N, 30°15'22.4"E, waterlogged pipeline cut with road and old timbers, stumps, with burnt peat heaps, with Carex sp. and Juncus sp., 19 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-11; 12 — ibid., 60°07'19.4"N, 30°15'22.6"E, young swampy pine forest with mosses and Vaccinium myrtillus, 19 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-12; 13 — NE shore of Lake Glukhoe, 60°07'11.6"N, 30°15'17.4"E, young swampy pine forest with Sphagnum spp., Eriophorum vaginatum L., and Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench, 19 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-13; 14 — E shore of Lake Glukhoe, 60°07'05.6"N, 30°15'05.0"E, young birch-pine forest with vegetation disturbed by recreation, 19 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-14; 15 — NE shore of Lake Bolshoe, 60°07'13.9"N, 30°15'01.5"E, young birch-spruce forest with vegetation disturbed by recreation, with barbed wire, 22 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-15; 16 — N shore of Lake Bolshoe, 60°07'11.6"N, 30°14'42.8"E, young pine forest with birch and with spruce undergrowth, with Sphagnum spp. and Vaccinium myrtillus near the lake, 22 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-16; 17 — ibid, 60°07'05.7"N, 30°14'38.5"E, grassy glade with apple trees, young aspens, and goat willow on the lake shore (recreation place), 22 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-17; 18 — E to Lake Bolshoe, 60°07'03.1"N, 30°14'20.6"E, young spruce-pine forest with mosses and Vaccinium myrtillus, with Sphagnum spp. in depression, 22 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-18; 19 — peninsula in the S part of Lake Bolshoe, 60°07'01.5"N, 30°14'58.3"E, group of old lindens in recreation place near the lake shore, 22 IX 2021, 7 XI 2021, Tsurykau, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-19; 20 — between lakes Bolshoe and Srednee, 60°06'57.2"N, 30°15'14.2"E, young maple-aspen stand with rowan undergrow on slope, 22 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-20; 21 — N to the fork of the Vyborgskoe and Priozer-skoe highways, 60°06'27.6"N, 30°14'47.5"E, young linden stand with Aegopodiumpodagraria L. on local elevation, 7 X 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-21; 22 — between Lake Maloe and Vyborgskoe Highway, 60°06'38.7"N, 30°14'42.7"E, old linden alley with ashes, 7 X 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-22; 23 — N to Lake Maloe and E to Lake Srednee, 60°06'51.7"N, 30°15'00.4"E, old mixed (linden, oak, elm, maple, larch) stand (remnants of the old park), 7 X 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-23; 24 — S to Lake Bolshoe, 60°06'55.6"N, 30°14'56.3"E, old linden and larch alley, 7 X 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-24; 25 — E to Vyborgkoe Highway in vicinity of Mezhozernaya str., 60°06'47.4"N, 30°14'34.7"E, old linden and maple alley, 31 X 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-25; 26 — between lakes Maloe and Srednee, 60°06'46.9"N, 30°15'06.5"E, old broadleaved alleys and stands, 31 X 2021, 7 XI 2021, Tsurykau, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-26.
Additional collection points. Saint Petersburg, Vyborgsky District, proposed protected area Osinovaya Roscha: a1 — SW shore of Lake Bolshoe, 60°06'57.6"N, 30°14'32.7"E, mossy concrete, rusty iron, and granite stone near the path and lake shore, 22 IX 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-ad1; a2 — S shore of Lake Maloe, 60°06'43.4"N, 30°14'59.6"E, fen posts near the path, 7 X 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-ad2; a3 — E to Vyborgkoe Highway, 60°06'41.7"N, 30°14'44.9"E, broadleaved stand, 31 X 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-ad3; a4 — NW to Lake Maloe, 60°06'47.1"N, 30°14'51.9"E, old broadleaved alley, 31 X 2021, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-ad4; a5 — old manor park, 60°06'42.8"N, 30°15'21.2"E, concrete foundation of Lopukhina manor, 22 X 2013, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-941; a6 — between lakes Bolshoe and Srednee, 60°06'53.4"N, 30°15'05.9"E, old ash near the alley, 22 X 2013, Himelbrant, Stepanchikova Osin-942; a7 — NE to Lake Glukhoe, pipeline cut SW to Priozerskoe Highway, 60°07'22.4"N, 30°15'44.8"E, pipeline cut with clayey road, 16 IX 2021, L. E. Kurbatova T-215.
Historical locality Osinovaya Roscha (formerly Haapakangas): old historical manor park, [60°07'N, 30°15'E], 1799, Sobolewski; VIII 1930, Kartashova, Geyer; 1995, Malysheva.
Results
In the annotated species list presented below the following symbols and abbreviations are used: # — lichenicolous and algicolous fungi, + — non-lichenized saprobic fungi, * — species new to St. Petersburg, R — species protected by the Red Data Book of St. Petersburg (Krasnaya..., 2018b), s — habitat specialist and i — indicator species (Vyyavlenie..., 2009), f - species known from historical data only (1799-1995), LR — Leningrad Region, ELR — Eastern Leningrad Region, WLR - Western Leningrad Region, SPb — St. Petersburg. The frequency of occurrence for the species collected in 2013 and 2021 and is indicated in square brackets: [R1] "rare — single record" — the species was found once, [R] "rare" — recorded in 2-5 standard sample plots or more than in one additional plot, [O] "occasionally" — 6-10 standard sample plots, [F] "frequent" — 11-15, [C] "common" — 16-20, and [VC] "very common" — 21-26. Lichen substances are given for HPTLC-analyzed specimens. For the species already reported from the Osinovaya Roscha (Sobolewski, 1799, 1802; Malysheva, 2001, 2003), the references are given. For the species not known before from the SPb and LR information on presence in Baltic and Scandinavian countries, as well as in North-West European Russia is provided.
Absconditella lignicola Vezda et Pisut — on wood of conifers; 8, 13, 15 [R].
Acarospora glaucocarpa (Ach.) Körb. — on concrete; a5 [R1]; H.
A. moenium (Vain.) Räsänen — on concrete; 15 [R1].
R' sAcrocordia cavata (Ach.) R. C. Harris — on bark of Populus tremula; 4, 20 [R].
Alyxoria varia (Pers.) Ertz et Tehler — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia sp., Ulmus sp.; 23, 26 [R].
Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins et Scheid. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica Borkh., Quercus robur, Tilia sp., Ulmus sp., wood; 3, 11, 17, 19, 23, 25, 26 [O]. On bark of Fraxinus excelsior and Betula sp., Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara).
Anisomeridium polypori (Ellis et Everh.) M. E. Barr — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Salix caprea L., Tilia cordata, Ulmus sp.; 2, 3, 17, 20, 22, 23, 25 [O].
Arthonia apatetica (A. Massal.) Th. Fr. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur, Tilia sp.; 2, 3, 10, 23, 26 [R].
#A. biatoricola Ihlen et Owe-Larss. — on thallus of Biatora efflorescens on bark of Acer platanoides; 20 [R1].
R' iA. helvola (Nyl.) Nyl. — on bark of old Quercus robur; 23 [R1].
A. mediella Nyl. — on bark of Tilia sp.; 26 [R1].
A. punctiformis Ach. — on bark of Betula sp., Quercus robur, Tilia sp.; 8, 10, 15, 21, 23 [R].
A. ruana A. Massal. — on bark of Acer platanoides; 3 [R1].
*A. vinosa Leight. — on bark of old Quercus robur; 23 [R1]. Previously known from ELR and WLR (Stepanchikova et al., 2010; Himelbrant et al., 2018).
Athallia pyracea (Ach.) Arup et al. — on bark of Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula; 3, 14, 17, 26 [R].
#Athelia arachnoidea (Berk.) Jülich — on thalli of Melanelixia glabratula and Physcia spp. on bark of Acer platanoides and Tilia sp., on colonies of Trentepohlia sp. on bark of Picea abies and on epiphytic mosses; 4, 7, 16, 20, 25, 26 [O].
Bacidia arceutina (Ach.) Arnold — on bark of Sorbus aucuparia; 20 [R1].
Bacidina chloroticula (Nyl.) Vezda et Poelt — on bark of Acer platanoides, Tilia sp., on granite and plastic; 3, 15, 19, 21, 22, a1 [R].
B. modesta (Zwackh ex Vain.) S. Ekman — on bark of Tilia sp.; 25 [R1].
B. neosquamulosa (Aptroot et Herk) S. Ekman — on bark of Acer platanoides, Salix caprea;
10, 17, 25 [R].
Baeomyces carneus Flörke — on sandy soil; 9 [R1].
B. rufus (Huds.) Rebent. — on sandy soil; 8, 9 [R].
Biatora efflorescens (Hedl.) Räsänen — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp.; 2, 3, 7, 15-17, 19, 20, 23-26 [F]. On bark of Alnus incana and Sorbus aucuparia, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Buellia griseovirens and Lepra amara). Thalli contain argopsin and norargopsin.
B. globulosa (Flörke) Fr. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia sp.; 3, 20, 23, 25, 26 [R].
B. helvola Körb. ex Hellb. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior; 20, 26 [R].
B. ocelliformis (Nyl.) Arnold — on bark of Acer platanoides, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Tilia sp.; 2, 17, 20, 23 [R].
Bryoria fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo et D. Hawksw. — on bark of Tilia sp. and on wood;
11, 19 [R]. On bark and stones in shady forest (Sobolewski, 1799, as Lichen jubatus and L. chalybeiformis).
Buellia griseovirens (Turner et Borrer ex Sm.) Almb. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp.; 2, 4-6, 1317, 19, 20, 22, 23, 26 [F]. On bark of Alnus incana, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE. Thalli contain atranorin and norstictic acid.
B. schaereri De Not. — on bark of Betula sp.; 14 [R1].
Calicium glaucellum Ach. — on wood of conifers; 12, 13 [R].
C. trabinellum (Ach.) Ach. — on wood; 11-13 [R].
RC. viride Pers. — on bark of old Larix sp., Quercus robur, Tilia sp., Ulmus sp.; 19, 23, 24, a5 [R].
*Caloplaca ahtii Sochting — on bark of Populus tremula; 4 [R1]. Previously known from ELR (Kuznetsova et al, 2007).
C. cerina (Hedw.) Th. Fr. — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula; 17, 22 [R].
C. obscurella (J. Lahm ex Körb.) Th. Fr. — on bark of old Tilia sp.; 26 [R1].
Candelariella aurella (Hoffm.) Zahlbr. — on bark of Populus tremula, on concrete; 15, 17 [R].
C. efflorescens R. C. Harris et W. R. Buck — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on iron; 4, 10, 15, 19, 20, 22, 25, 26, a4 [O]. On bark of old Betula sp., 9 VIII 1930, Kartashova, Geyer, LE (sub Xanthoriaparietina).
C. lutella (Vain.) Räsänen — on bark of Malus domestica, Populus tremula; 17 [R1].
C. vitellina (Hoffm.) Müll. Arg. — on bark of Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Tilia sp.; 15, 17, 21 [R]. On bark of Acer platanoides (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
C. xanthostigma (Ach.) Lettau — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Salix caprea, Tilia sp.; 4, 17, 25, 26 [R].
Catillaria nigroclavata (Nyl.) Schuler — on bark of Acer platanoides, Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., and on iron; 10, 15, 17, 19, 23, a4 [R].
Catinaria atropurpurea (Schaer.) Vezda et Poelt — on bark of Acer platanoides, Salix caprea; 17, 20 [R].
Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. subsp. islandica — on wood and on sandy soil; 9, 11 [R]. On soil (Sobolewski, 1799, 1802, as Lichen islandicus).
C. sepincola (Ehrh.) Ach. — on bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., Pinus sylvestris, Tilia sp., on wood; 5, 10-12, 14, 23, 25, 26 [O]. On bark of Quercus robur and on wooden fence (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
R' Chaenotheca brachypoda (Ach.) Tibell — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior (in deep crevices), on wood of Betula sp. and conifers; 6, a6 [R].
C. chrysocephala (Turner ex Ach.) Th. Fr. — on bark of Picea abies; 3 [R1].
C. ferruginea (Turner ex Sm.) Mig. — on bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers; 3, 6, 7, 12, 15, 16, 23-26 [O]. On bark of Picea abies (Malysheva, 2001).
C. furfuracea (L.) Tibell — on bark of old Quercus robur (in deep crevices), and on upturned roots; 8, 26 [R].
R' iC. hispidula (Ach.) Zahlbr. — on bark of old Quercus robur (in deep crevices); 23 [R1].
C. trichialis (Ach.) Th. Fr. — on bark of Larix sp., Picea abies, Quercus robur, Tilia sp., on wood and mosses; 3, 6, 7, 9, 12, 16, 17, 23-26 [F].
+Chaenothecopsis pusilla (Ach.) A. F. W. Schmidt — on dead Polytrichum sp. under upturned roots; 9 [R1].
# iC. pusiola (Ach.) Vain. — on thalli of Chaenotheca trichialis on standing deadwood of Betula sp. and on stump of Pinus sylvestris; 6, 12 [R].
Cladonia arbuscula (Wallr.) Flot. subsp. arbuscula — on wood and peat; 9, 11 [R].
C. bacilliformis (Nyl.) Sarnth. — on bark and wood of Pinus sylvestris; 11-13 [R].
C. botrytes (K. G. Hagen) Willd. — on wood of conifers; 11 [R1].
C. caespiticia (Pers.) Flörke — on bark of Betula sp.; 13 [R1].
C. cariosa (Ach.) Spreng. — on disturbed soil; 11 [R1].
C. cenotea (Ach.) Schaer. — on bark of Betula sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, on wood and soil; 1, 2, 5-7, 11-13 [O].
C. chlorophaea (Flörke ex Sommerf.) Spreng. s. str. — on bark of Betula sp., Pinus sylvestris, Tilia sp.; 8, 26 [R]. Thalli contain fumarprotocetraric acid.
C. coniocraea (Flörke) Spreng. — on bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers and on soil; 1, 2, 4-10, 12-16, 18, 19, 24 [C]. On bark of Betula sp. and on stump (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
C. cornuta (L.) Hoffm. subsp. cornuta — on wood of conifers, on soil; 9, 11, 12, 14 [R].
C. crispata (Ach.) Flot. var. crispata — on wood of conifers; 12 [R1].
fC. deformis (L.) Hoffm. — on soil "in ericetis" (Sobolewski, 1799, as Lichen deformis).
C. digitata (L.) Hoffm. — on bark of Betula sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, on wood of conifers; 1, 5, 6, 12, 13, 16, 18 [O].
C. fimbriata (L.) Fr. — on bark of Betula sp., Pinus sylvestris, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, on wood and soil; 1, 4-7, 9, 11-14 [O]. On bark of Betula sp. (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
C. furcata (Huds.) Schrad. — on sandy soil; 9 [R1].
C. gracilis (L.) Willd. subsp. turbinata (Ach.) Ahti — on bark of Betula sp. and on peat; 5, 11 [R]. On soil "in ericetis" (Sobolewski, 1799, as Lichen gracilis).
Cladonia grayi G. Merr. ex Sandst. — on bark of Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, on wood of conifers, on peat; 1, 11-13 [R]. Thalli contain grayanic and fumarprotocetraric acids.
C. macilenta Hoffm. — on bark of Betula sp., Pinus sylvestris, on wood; 11-13, 16 [R]. On bark of Betula sp. (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
*C. merochlorophaea Asahina — on bark of Betula sp.; 15 [R1]. Thallus contains merochlo-rophaeic and fumarprotocetraric acids. Previously known from ELR and WLR (Kuznetsova et al, 2007; Himelbrant et al., 2018).
C. mitis Sandst. — on peat; 11 [R1].
C. ochrochlora Flörke — on bark of Betula sp. and on wood of conifers; 1, 5, 12 [R].
C. phyllophora Hoffm. — on peat; 11 [R1].
C. pleurota (Flörke) Schaer. — on wood of conifers; 11, 13 [R].
C. pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. — on sandy soil; 9 [R1].
C. rangiferina (L.) F. H. Wigg. — on wood and sandy soil; 9, 11 [R].
C. rei Schaer. — on wood and peat; 11 [R1].
C. subulata (L.) F. H. Wigg. — on soil and peat; 9, 11 [R].
C. sulphurina (Michx.) Fr. — on sandy soil; 9 [R1].
C. verticillata (Hoffm.) Schaer. — on wood and peat; 9, 11 [R].
#Clypeococcum hypocenomycis D. Hawksw. — on thalli of Hypocenomyce scalaris on bark of Betula sp. and on bark and wood of Pinus sylvestris; 5, 6, 12, 13 [R].
Coenogonium pineti (Ach.) Lücking et Lumbsch — on bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Tilia sp., Vaccinium myrtillus, and on wood of conifers; 1-3, 5, 6, 8, 15, 16, 18, 22-26 [F].
Cryptodiscus gloeocapsa (Arnold) Baloh et al. — on mossy sand; 9 [R1].
RDictyocatenulata alba Finley et E. F. Morris — on bark of Acer platanoides, Tilia sp., Ulmus sp.; 22, 25, a3 [R].
*#Epithamnolia xanthoriae (Brackel) Diederich et Suija — on thallus of Hypogymnia physodes on bark of Picea abies; 6 [R1]; GSU. - New to North-Western European Russia. In European Russia, the species is known only from Nenets Autonomous Area (Zhurbenko, 2020). Distribution in Fennoscandia and Baltic countries: not reported. The species in a wide sense is known to occur on different host lichens. It is characterized by superficial, brown, cupuliform conidiomata up to 250 ^m in diam., and hyaline, elongate fusiform, distinctly attenuated towards both ends, 0-5(8)-septate, conidia, measuring 40-90 x 2-3 ^m (Suija et al, 2018).
#Erythricium aurantiacum (Lasch) D. Hawksw. et A. Henrici — on thalli of Physcia spp. and Parmelia sulcata on bark of Tilia sp.; 22, 23, 25, 26 [R]; GSU.
Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. — on bark of Malus domestica, Tilia sp.; 2, 17, 26 [R]. On bark of Quercus robur and Populus tremula, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara).
Fuscidea pusilla Tensberg — on bark of Alnus incana, Betula sp., Ledum palustre L., Malus domestica, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on wood; 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10-19, 23, 24 [C].
Gyalolechia flavorubescens (Huds.) Sechting et al. — on bark of Populus tremula; 17 [R1].
*#Hawksworthiana peltigericola (D. Hawksw.) U. Braun — on thallus of Peltigera sp. on turf; 11, conf. P. Diederich [R1]; GSU. Previously known from ELR and WLR (Kuznetsova et al, 2012; Himelbrant et al, 2018).
#Heterocephalacria physciacearum (Diederich et M. S. Christ.) Millanes et Wedin — on thallus of Physcia tenella on bark of Malus domestica and Quercus robur; 17, 26 [R]; GSU.
Hypocenomyce scalaris (Ach.) M. Choisy — on bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Tilia sp., on wood; 1-3, 5-7, 11-16, 18, 19, 23-26, a2 [C]. On bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., and Quercus robur (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. — on bark of coniferous and deciduous trees, on wood; 1-8, 10-20, 22-26, a2 [VC]. On bark of Sorbus aucuparia, Quercus robur, and Populus tremula, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Acerplatanoides, Betula sp., Malus domestica, Quercus robur, and Tilia sp., also on wooden fence (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
H. tubulosa (Schaer.) Hav. — on bark of coniferous and deciduous trees and on wood; 1-3, 5-7, 10-12, 14, 15, 17-21, 23, 25, 26 [C]. On bark of Quercus robur and on wooden fence (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
#Illosporiopsis christiansenii (B. L. Brady et D. Hawksw.) D. Hawksw. — on thalli of Physcia spp. on bark of deciduous trees; 3, 15, 17, 26 [R].
Imshaugia aleurites (Ach.) S. L. F. Meyer — on bark of Pinus sylvestris; 12, 13 [R].
Japewia subaurifera Muhr et Tonsberg — on bark of Picea abies; 1 [R1].
Lecania cyrtella (Ach.) Th. Fr. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., and on iron; 2, 7, 10, 14, 17, 20, 22, 23, 25, a4 [O].
L. cyrtellina (Nyl.) Sandst. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Ulmus sp.; 20, 23 [R].
*L. erysibe (Ach.) Mudd — on iron; a4 [R1]. Previously known from WLR (Stepanchikova et al., 2017).
L. naegelii (Hepp) Diederich et van den Boom — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., and on iron; 3, 4, 10, 14, 15, 17, 20-23, 25, 26, a4 [F].
L. sylvestris (Arnold) Arnold — on concrete; 15 [R1].
Lecanora aitema (Ach.) Hepp — on bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., Pinus sylvestris, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers; 2, 12, 13, 16, 21, 23, a2 [O].
L. albellula (Nyl.) Th. Fr. var. albellula — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Salix caprea, Tilia sp., on wood; 11, 14, 17, 19, 25, 26, a2 [O]. On bark of old Betula sp., 9 VIII 1930, Kartashova, Geyer, LE (sub Xanthoria parietina).
L. allophana Nyl. — on bark of Populus tremula; 4, 17 [R].
L. carpinea (L.) Vain. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers; 3, 7, 10, 15, 17, 20-23, 25, 26, a2 [F]. On bark of Fraxinus excelsior, 9 VII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara).
L. chlarotera Nyl. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Prunus padus, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp.; 2, 3, 7, 10, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22-24, 26 [F].
L. hypoptella (Nyl.) Grummann — on bark of Betula sp., Pinus sylvestris; 12, 14 [R].
L. polytropa (Ehrh. ex Hoffm.) Rabenh. — on wood lying on sandy road; 11 [R1].
L. pulicaris (Pers.) Ach. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Betula sp., Larix sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers; 1-3, 5-8, 10, 12-16, 18-21, 23-26, a2 [VC]. On bark of Sorbus aucuparia, VII 1930, Kartashova LE s. n. (sub Lepra amara).
L. saligna (Schrad.) Zahlbr. — on wooden fence post; a2 [R1].
L. symmicta (Ach.) Ach. — on bark of coniferous and deciduous trees, on wood; 2, 4, 6, 8, 10-15, 17, 19, 20, 22-25, a2 [C].
Lecanora umbrina (Ach.) A. Massal. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., and on iron; 3, 7, 10, 14, 15, 17, 21-26, a4 [F].
L. varia (Hoffm.) Ach. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Tilia sp.; 8, 16, 25, 26 [R].
Lecidea erythrophaea Flörke ex Sommerf. — on bark of Populus tremula; 20 [R1].
L. nylanderi (Anzi) Th. Fr. — on bark of Betula sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris; 5, 6, 12, 13, 16 [R].
L. turgidula Fr. — on bark of Pinus sylvestris; 12 [R1].
Lecidella elaeochroma (Ach.) M. Choisy — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia; 3, 4, 7, 17, 20, 23 [O].
L. euphorea (Flörke) Hertel — on bark of Populus tremula, on wood; 11, 17 [R].
L. flavosorediata (Vezda) Hertel et Leuckert — on bark of Sorbus aucuparia; 15 [R1]. Thallus contains arthothelin and granulosin.
L. stigmatea (Ach.) Hertel et Leuckert — on granite; a1 [R1].
Lepra albescens (Huds.) Hafellner var. albescens — on bark of Tilia sp.; 19, 24 [R]. On bark of Tilia sp. [Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Pertusaria albescens (Huds.) M. Choisy et Werner].
L. amara (Ach.) Hafellner — on bark of Tilia sp. and Ulmus sp.; 23, 24, 26 [R]. On bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, and Sorbus aucuparia, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE s. n.; on bark of Acer platanoides [Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Pertusaria amara (Ach.) Nyl.].
Lepraria elobata Tonsberg — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Betula sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Populus tremula, (Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers, sandy soil, and upturned roots; 1-4, 6, 8-10, 12-22, 26 [C]. On bark of Sorbus aucuparia, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara).
L. finkii (B. de Lesd.) R. C. Harris — on bark of Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers and on soil; 1, 5, 6, 8, 15, 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, 26 [F].
L. incana (L.) Ach. — on bark of Alnus incana, Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., Ulmus sp., on wood of conifers; 1-3, 5-8, 10, 12, 14-19, 21-26 [VC]. On bark of Acer platanoides (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
L. jackii Tonsberg — on bark of Betula sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, and on sandy soil; 1, 9, 16, 18 [R]. Thalli contain atranorin, roccellic/angardianic, jackinic/rangiformic, and norjac-kinic/norrangiformic acids.
Leptorhaphis atomaria (Ach.) Szatala — on bark of Populus tremula; 4, 15, 17, 20 [R].
+L. epidermidis (Ach.) Th. Fr. — on bark of Betula sp.; 5, 12-16 [O].
#Licea parasitica (Zukal) G. W. Martin — on thallus of Micarea sp. on bark of Picea abies and on thalli of crustose lichens on bark of Acer platanoides; 15, 25 [R].
#Lichenoconium erodens M. S. Christ. et D. Hawksw. — on thalli of Hypogymnia physodes, H. tubulosa, and Parmelia sulcata, also on apothecia of Lecanora pulicaris on bark of deciduous and coniferous trees; 6, 19, 26 [R]; GSU.
#Lichenoconium lecanorae (Jaap) D. Hawksw. — on thallus of Cladonia coniocraea on bark of Betula sp. and on thallus of Melanohalea exasperata on branch of Fraxinus excelsior; 19, 26 [R]; GSU.
Lichenomphalia umbellifera (L.) Redhead et al. — on peat; 11 [R1].
Melanelixia glabratula (Lamy) Sandler et Arup — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp.; 3, 4, 10, 20, 23, 26 [O].
M. subaurifera (Nyl.) O. Blanco et al. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Betula sp., Larix sp., Malus domestica, Picea abies, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers; 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 15, 17, 19-21, 23, 24, a2 [F]. On bark of Sorbus aucuparia, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Acer platanoides [Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Melanelia subaurifera (Nyl.) Essl.].
Melanohalea exasperata (De Not.) O. Blanco et al. — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Tilia sp.; 3, 7, 21, 22, 26 [R].
M. exasperatula (Nyl.) O. Blanco et al. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Malus domestica, Picea abies, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Tilia sp.; 2, 3, 6, 7, 15, 17, 19, 22, 23, 25, 26 [F]. On bark of Sorbus aucuparia, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Acer platanoides, Tilia sp., and on wooden fence [Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Melanelia exasperatula (Nyl.) Essl.].
M. olivacea (L.) O. Blanco et al. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Betula sp., Malus domestica, Picea abies, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp.; 5, 8, 10, 15, 17, 20-22, 25, 26 [O].
M. septentrionalis (Lynge) O. Blanco et al. — on branches of Tilia sp.; 2, 26 [R].
Micarea byssacea (Th. Fr.) Czarnota et al. — on bark of Betula sp., Picea abies, on wood of conifers; 1, 15 [R].
M. denigrata (Fr.) Hedl. — on bark of Pinus sylvestris and on wood of conifers; 16, a2 [R].
M. melaena (Nyl.) Hedl. — on bark of Pinus sylvestris and on wood of conifers; 1, 7, 13 [R].
M. microareolata Launis et al. — on bark of Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers; 1, 2, 8, 18 [R].
M. micrococca (Körb.) Gams ex Coppins — on bark of Pinus sylvestris; 8 [R1]. Thallus contains methoxymicareic acid.
M. misella (Nyl.) Hedl. — on wood of Pinus sylvestris (branches); 12 [R1].
M. nitschkeana (J. Lahm ex Rabenh.) Harm. — on bark and wood (branches) of Pinus sylvestris; 6, 12 [R].
M. pusilla Launis et al. — on bark of Betula sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris; 6, 15, 16 [R].
M. turfosa (A. Massal.) Du Rietz — on dead Sphagnum sp.; 13 [R1].
Mycobilimbia epixanthoides (Nyl.) Vitik. et al. — on mosses on bark of Malus domestica; 17 [R1].
+Mycocalicium subtile (Pers.) Szatala — on wood of Pinus sylvestris and rarely Populus tremula; 6, 13, 16, 17, a2 [R].
fMyriolecis crenulata (Hook.) Sliwa et al. — on concrete (Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Le-canora crenulata Hook).
M. dispersa (Pers.) Sliwa et al. — on concrete; 15 [R1]. On concrete [Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Lecanora dispersa (Pers.) Sommerf.].
M. hagenii (Ach.) Sliwa et al. — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Tilia sp.; 3, 17, 21, 26 [R]. On bark of Quercus robur and on stump [Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Lecanora hagenii (Ach.) Ach.].
M. semipallida (H. Magn.) Sliwa et al. — on concrete; 15 [R1].
Naetrocymbe punctiformis (Pers.) R. C. Harris — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur; 23, 26 [R].
föchrolechia pallescens (L.) A. Massal. — on bark (Sobolewski, 1799, 1802, as Lichen pallescens).
Pachyphiale fagicola (Hepp) Zwackh — on bark of Acer platanoides, Salix caprea; 17, 25 [R]. On bark of Betula sp., VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara).
Palicella filamentosa (Stirt.) Rodr. Flakus et Printzen — on wood of Pinus sylvestris (branches); 12 [R1].
Parmelia sulcata Taylor — on bark of coniferous and deciduous trees, on wood of conifers; 2-8, 10, 12-17, 19-26, a2 [VC]. On bark of Populus tremula and Quercus robur, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Malus doestica, Tilia sp., and on stump (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
Parmeliopsis ambigua (Wulfen) Nyl. — on bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., Ledum palustre, Pinus sylvestris, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Tilia sp., on wood; 1, 2, 4-8, 10-14, 16, 18, 19, 24, a2 [C]. On bark of Sorbus aucuparia and Quercus robur, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Betula sp. and Tilia sp. (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
P. hyperopta (Ach.) Arnold — on bark of Betula sp., Pinus sylvestris; 5, 8, 12, 13 [R].
Peltigera canina (L.) Willd. — on wood (log); 11 [R1].
P. didactyla (With.) J. R. Laundon — on peat; 11 [R1].
P. praetextata (Flörke ex Sommerf.) Zopf — on bark of Tilia sp., on soil and mosses; 4, 14, 23 [R].
P. rufescens (Weiss) Humb. — on clayay soil; a7 [R1].
r, i ^Pertusaria coccodes (Ach.) Nyl. — on bark of Sorbus aucuparia and Quercus robur, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara).
+Phaeocalicium polyporaeum (Nyl.) Tibell — on fruit bodies of Trichaptum biforme (Fr.) Ryvarden, growing on Betula sp.; 13 [R1].
Phaeophyscia ciliata (Hoffm.) Moberg — on bark of Populus tremula; 17 [R1].
P. nigricans (Flörke) Moberg — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Sorbus aucuparia, and on concrete; 3, 7, 10, 15, 17, 22, 25 [O].
P. orbicularis (Neck.) Moberg — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., Ulmus sp., and on iron; 3, 10, 15, 17, 19, 21-23, 25, 26, a4 [O]. On bark of old Betula sp., 9 VIII 1930, Kartashova, Geyer, LE (sub Xanthoria parietina); on bark of Fraxinus excelsior and on concrete (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
Phlyctis argena (Spreng.) Flot. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., Ulmus sp.; 2-4, 10, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22-26 [F]. On bark of Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, and Sorbus aucuparia, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Tilia sp. (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
Physcia adscendens H. Olivier — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Prunuspadus, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., and on iron; 3, 10, 15, 17, 20-22, 25, 26, a4 [O].
P. aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Fürnr. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Tilia sp.; 2, 3, 7, 17, 21-23, 25, 26 [O].
P. alnophila (Vain.) Loht. et al. — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica, Tilia sp.; 3, 17, 25, 26 [R].
P. dubia (Hoffm.) Lettau — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Picea abies, Quercus robur, Tilia sp.; 3, 15, 19, 25, 26 [R]. On bark of Fraxinus excelsior and Populus tremula, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Acer platanoides and Fraxinus excelsior (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
P. stellaris (L.) Nyl. — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Tilia sp.; 3, 17, 21-23 [R].
P. tenella (Scop.) DC. — on bark of Acerplatanoides, Alnus incana, Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Malus domestica, Picea abies, Populus tremula, Prunus padus, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., and on iron; 2, 3, 7, 8, 10, 15, 17, 19-26, a4 [F]. On bark of old Betula sp., 9 VIII 1930, Kartashova, Geyer, LE (sub Xanthoria parietina); on bark of Acer platanoides and Fraxinus excelsior (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
Physconia detersa (Nyl.) Poelt — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia sp.; 23, 26 [R].
P. distorta (With.) J. R. Laundon — on bark of Populus tremula, Tilia sp.; 17, 23 [R]. On bark of Betula sp. and Quercus robur, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara).
P. enteroxantha (Nyl.) Poelt — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur, Tilia sp.; 19, 23, 26 [R].
Piccolia ochrophora (Nyl.) Hafellner — on bark of Acer platanoides (branch); 25 [R1].
Placynthiella dasaea (Stirt.) Tonsberg — on bark of Betula sp., on wood of conifers and on soil; 1, 5, 6, 8, 12, 14-16, a2 [O].
P. icmalea (Ach.) Coppins et P. James — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., on wood and soil; 5, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 20 [O].
P. oligotropha (J. R. Laundon) Coppins et P. James — on peat; 11 [R1].
P. uliginosa (Schrad.) Coppins et P. James — on wood and soil; 9, 11, 12, 14 [R].
Platismatia glauca (L.) W. L. Culb. et C. F. Culb. — on bark of Betula sp., Malus domestica, Picea abies, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers; 1, 2, 6, 10, 12, 17, 19 [O].
Polycauliona candelaria (L.) Fröden et al. — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur, Tilia sp.; 25, 26 [R].
P. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Fröden et al. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Larix sp., Malus domestica, Picea abies, Populus tremula, Prunus padus, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., on wood of conifers and on iron; 2, 3, 7, 10, 14, 15, 17, 19, 21-26, a2, a4 [F]. On bark of Fraxinus excelsior, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Quercus robur [Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Xanthoria polycarpa (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. ex Rieber].
Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf — on bark of Pinus sylvestris, Tilia sp.; 12, 26 [R]. On bark of Sorbus aucuparia and Quercus robur, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara).
Pseudosagedia aenea (Wallr.) Hafellner et Kalb. — on bark of Acer platanoides; 10 [R1].
Pseudoschismatomma rufescens (Pers.) Ertz et Tehler — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Ulmus sp.; 4, 22, 23, 26 [R].
Psilolechia clavulifera (Nyl.) Coppins — on bark of Pinus sylvestris; 8 [R1].
P. lucida (Ach.) M. Choisy — on bark of Larix sp., Picea abies; 3, 7 [R].
Pycnora sorophora (Vain.) Hafellner — on bark of Betula sp., Pinus sylvestris; 12-14, 16 [R].
Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Malus domestica, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp.; 2, 10, 15, 17, 20, 23, 25, 26 [O].
fR. fraxinea (L.) Ach. — on bark of trees (Sobolewski, 1799, as Lichen fraxineus); on bark of Acer platanoides (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
*Rinodina pityrea Ropin et H. Mayrhofer — on bark of Populus tremula; 4 [R1]. No lichen substances detected by HPTLC. Soralia contain Sedifolia-gray. Previously known from ELR (Kuznetsova et al, 2007).
R. pyrina (Ach.) Arnold — on bark of Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia sp.; 3, 21, 23, 26 [R].
R. septentrionalis Malme — on bark of Betula sp., Larix sp., Populus tremula, Salix caprea, Tilia sp.; 2, 17, 21-23 [R].
R. subparieta (Nyl.) Zahlbr. — on bark of old Quercus robur and Tilia sp.; 23, 26 [R].
Ropalospora viridis (Tensberg) Tensberg — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp.; 4, 8, 10, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22-24 [O].
*#Roselliniella cladoniae (Anzi) Matzer et Hafellner — on thallus of Cladoniafimbriata on soil; 13 [R1]; GSU. Previously known from WLR (Stepanchikova et al, 2017).
+Sarea difformis (Fr.) Fr. — on resin of Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris; 8, 14-16, 24 [R].
+Sarea resinae (Fr.) Kuntze — on resin of Picea abies; 1, 8, 18 [R].
Scoliciosporum chlorococcum (Graewe ex Stenh.) Vezda — on bark of Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Pinus sylvestris, on wood of conifers; 3, 5, 13, 16, 22 [R]. On bark of Sorbus aucuparia, VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE (sub Lepra amara); on bark of Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica, Quercus robur, and Tilia sp. (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
S. sarothamni (Vain.) Vezda — on bark of coniferous and deciduous trees, on wood of conifers; 1-3, 5-8, 10, 12-19, 21-26 [VC].
S. umbrinum (Ach.) Arnold — on iron; a4 [R1].
RScytinium subtile (Schrad.) Otalora et al. — on concrete and primary soil on old manor basement; a5 [R1]; H (Krasnaya..., 2018b).
+Stenocybe pullatula (Ach.) Stein — on bark of Alnus incana; 10 [R1].
Strangospora deplanata (Almq.) Clauzade et Cl. Roux — on bark of Pinus sylvestris; 16 [R1].
S. moriformis (Ach.) Stein — on bark of Betula sp. and Pinus sylvestris; 5, 12, 13 [R].
S. pinicola (A. Massal.) Körb. — on wood of fence post; a2 [R1].
*#Taeniolina scripta (P. Karst.) P. M. Kirk — on thallus of Lepraria incana on bark of old Tilia sp.; 26 [R1]; GSU. Previously known from LR as saprobic on decaying wood of Alnus incana and on bark of Betulapubescens Ehrh. (Melnik, 2000).
Thelenella pertusariella (Nyl.) Vain. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Salix caprea, Ulmus sp., and on iron; 17, 25, a3, a4 [R].
Toniniopsis separabilis (Nyl.) Gerasimova et A. Beck — on bark of Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus tremula, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., Ulmus sp.; 4, 17, 20, 23, 25, 26 [O].
Trapelia placodioides Coppins et P. James — on granite stone; a1 [R1].
Trapeliopsis flexuosa (Fr.) Coppins et P. James — on bark of Betula sp., Pinus sylvestris, on wood; 6, 8, 11-16, 18, a2 [O].
T. granulosa (Hoffm.) Lumbsch — on decaying wood and peat; 9, 11, 13, a2 [R].
#Tremella cladoniae Diederich et M. S. Christ. — on thalli of Cladonia coniocraea on bark of Betula sp. and Pinus sylvestris, on thallus of C. cornuta subsp. cornuta on wood of Pinus syl-vestris; 1, 5, 6, 12 [R].
#T. lichenicola Diederich — on thalli of Violella fucata on bark of Betula sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, and Populus tremula; 1, 4, 6, 13, 15, 16 [O].
*#Trichonectria rubefaciens (Ellis et Everh.) Diederich et Schroers — on thallus of Parme-lia sulcata on bark of Fraxinus excelsior; 26 [R1]; GSU. Previously known from ELR (Kuznetsova et al, 2012).
Tuckermannopsis chlorophylla (Willd. ex Humb.) Hale — on bark of Larix sp., Malus domestica, Salix caprea, Tilia sp.; 17, 19, 23 [R]. On bark of Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, and Tilia sp., also on wooden fence (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
Usnea hirta (L.) F. H. Wigg. — on bark of Pinus sylvestris; 12 [R1]. On bark of Quercus robur (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
U. subfloridana Stirt. — on bark of Malus domestica; 17 [R1].
Verrucaria boblensis Servit — on concrete; a5 [R1]; det.J. Pykala, 2013.
V. dolosa Hepp — on granite; a1 [R1].
Vezdaea aestivalis (Ohlert) Tscherm.-Woess et Poelt — on thallus of Parmelia sulcata on branch of Fraxinus excelsior; 26, det. P. Diederich [R1]; GSU.
Violella fucata (Stirt.) T. Sprib. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Alnus incana, Betula sp., Larix sp., Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Populus tremula, Quercus robur, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp.; 1-7, 10, 12-16, 18, 23, 24 [C].
Vulpicida pinastri (Scop.) J.-E. Mattsson et M. J. Lai — on bark of Betula sp., Ledumpalus-tre, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, on wood; 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10-16, 18 [F]. On bark of Betula sp. and on wooden fence (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr. — on bark of Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Fraxinus excelsior, Malus domestica, Populus tremula, Salix caprea, Sorbus aucuparia, Tilia sp., and on concrete; 3, 4, 10, 14, 15, 17, 21-23, 25, 26 [F]. On bark of old Betula sp., 9 VIII 1930, Kartashova, LE; on bark of Acer platanoides and on concrete (Malysheva, 2001, 2003).
Taxa excluded from lichen flora of Osinovaya Roscha
Bryoria implexa (Hoffm.) Brodo et D. Hawksw. — on bark of Betula sp. (Malysheva, 2001, 2003). Dubious record, revision of specimens is needed, especially due to changing species concept in the genus (see e. g., Velmala et al., 2014). Moreover, the author of the record made quite a lot of erroneous Bryoria records (see Krasnaya..., 2018b). No specimens found.
B. nadvornikiana (Gyeln.) Brodo et D. Hawksw. — on bark of Tilia sp. (Malysheva, 2001; Krasnaya..., 2004). Dubious record, revision of specimens is needed (see above). No specimens found; the species was not cited from this locality in later publication by the same author (Malysheva, 2003).
RB. simplicior (Vain.) Brodo et D. Hawksw. — on bark of Quercus robur (Malysheva, 2001, 2003). Dubious record, revision of specimens is needed (see above). No specimens found.
R Phlyctis agelaea (Ach.) Flot. — on bark of Acer platanoides and Quercus robur (Malysheva, 2001, 2003). Regionally extinct species, reliable records from SPb are known from Duderhof Heights only, where the species was collected in the beginning of XX century (see Krasnaya..., 2018b). No specimens found.
Sphaerophorus fragilis (L.) Pers. — on granite stones in forest (Sobolewski, 1799, as Lichen fragilis). Obvious misidentification (most probably Stereocaulon sp.); no specimens found. Sphaerophorus fragilis is a species confined to more northern and mountain territories, in LR it is known only from rocky islands in Baltic Sea (Krasnaya..., 2018a).
Usnea barbata (L.) F. H. Wigg. — on the bark of tree in old forest (Sobolewski, 1799, as Lichen barbatus and L. plicatus). Dubious record, revision of specimens is needed due to changing species concept in the genus (see Clerc, Naciri, 2021). No specimens found.
U. florida (L.) F. H. Wigg. — on bark of old tree (Sobolewski, 1799, 1802, as Lichen floridus). No specimens found. The only reliable record of the species in the region refers to Luga District (Stepanchikova et al, 2018). All historical records from SPb and LR refer to other Usnea spp.
Xanthomendoza fallax (Hepp) Sochting et al. — on bark of Acer platanoides [Malysheva, 2001, 2003, as Xanthoria fallax (Hepp) Arnold]. Dubious record, revision of specimens is needed due to changing species concept in the genus (see Arup et al., 2013). No specimens found.
Discussion
The revealed lichen diversity of the historical territory Osinovaya Roscha has a total of 230 species, including 206 lichenized, 17 lichenicolous, and seven non-lichenized saprobic fungi. The lichen biota of Osinovaya Roscha is rich, in spite of the small size of the study area, and is much richer than in the most territories within the city limits (Khramtsov et al., 2016; Stepanchikova et al., 2020). The only exceptions are three territories in the westernmost part of Kurortny District. They are characterized by larger size, relatively low disturbance, remote position from the city center, and consequently high lichen diversity: the list of lichens and allied fungi of Gladyshevsky protected area (7.65 km2) counts 310 species, Beregovoy Ustup Serovo proposed protected area (4.77 km2) — 258 species, and recently studied Pukhtolova Gora proposed protected area (4 km2) — 252 species (Stepanchikova et al., 2014, 2020, 2021).
We accepted the reports of 48 lichen species out of 56 which were published (Sobolewski, 1799, 1802; Malysheva, 2001, 2003) or collected before our study. In 2021, we did not find only five species, which had occurred in Osinovaya Roscha in the past. Of these, Cladonia deformis, Myriolecis crenulata, and Ramalina fraxinea still can occur in the study area for the presence of suitable substrates and habitats. Ochrolechia pallescens is known from St. Petersburg from historical data only and has probably disappeared. Pertusaria coccodes is an indicator species of biologically valuable forests (Vyyavlenie..., 2009) and has probably disappeared due to increase of air pollution and loss of suitable habitats. Unfortunately, the absence of comprehensive historical data limited our opportunities to evaluate changes in the lichen diversity of Osinovaya Roscha for the last 220 years.
The contemporary lichen biota of Osinovaya Roscha comprises 225 species. The majority of the species in the study area (168 species, 74.7%) were rare [R]. Of these, 73 were recorded only once [R1]. Only 28 species (12.4% of the lichen biota) were occasional [O], 16 species (7.1%) — frequent [F], eight species (3.6%) — common [C], and five species (2.2%), namely Hypogymniaphysodes, Lecanorapulicaris, Lepraria incana, Parmelia sulcata, and Scoliciosporum sarothamni, were very common [VC]. Despite the regional lichen biota is well studied, we found ten species new to St. Petersburg, half of which were lichenicolous fungi. Epithamnolia xanthoriae is new to North-Western European Russia; Arthonia vinosa, Caloplaca ahtii, Cladonia merochlorophaea, Hawk-sworthiana peltigericola, Lecania erysibe, Rinodina pityrea, Roselliniella cladoniae, Tae-niolina scripta, and Trichonectria rubefaciens are new to St. Petersburg.
An average amount of species per SA was 38.9+2.6, with minimum 19 (young shadowy spruce-pine forest, SA 18), and maximum 69 (old broadleaved alley, SA 26). This average number is slightly higher than in territories along the northern shore of Gulf of Finland within St. Petersburg, where an average is 33.3+1.3 (Stepanchikova et al., 2020). Most interesting and diverse lichens grow in the remaining parts of the historical park Osinovaya Roscha with open broadleaved stands and old alleys. The majority of lichen species (130 species, 57.8% of the contemporary lichen biota) were found in the historical part of the park (old trees, alleys etc.) and adjacent broadleaved forest
areas. Mixed (pine, spruce, birch, grey alder) forests on mineral soil in the study area are young, with relatively small average amount of lichen species per sample plot. In total, almost a half of the recorded lichen species were found in such communities (106 species, 47% of the lichen biota). Only 77 species (34.2%) were recorded in communities dominated by aspen, which are quite rare in the study area. The lichens of swampy pine forests comprised 72 species, or 32% of the lichen biota of the study area. The lichens of anthropogenic habitats (wastelands, sand roads, buildings, etc.) were represented by 67 species (29.8%), so far, such habitats were the poorest in Osinovaya Roscha.
The majority of lichens in Osinovaya Roscha were epiphytic (154 species, 68.4% of the contemporary lichen biota), which is typical for North-Western European Russia. The richest phorophyte was linden, Tilia spp. (82 species). Other phorophytes are arranged below in descending order of the number of species: Betula spp. (58 species), Acerplatanoides (53 species), Populus tremula (52 species), Fraxinus excelsior (48 species), Pinus sylvestris (47 species), Quercus robur (45 species), Sorbus aucuparia (36 species), Picea abies (35 species), Malus domestica (31 species), Larix sp. and Salix caprea (30 species each), Alnus incana (18 species), Ulmus spp. (13 species), Prunus padus and dwarf shrubs (5 species each). Relatively few species were found on wood (65 species, 28.9% of the contemporary lichen biota), soil (32 species, 14.2%), stones (14 species, 6.2%), and iron (12 species, 5.3%). Lichenicolous fungi were represented by 17 species, additionally the lichen Vezdaea aestivalis was found on thallus of Par-melia sulcata. Several species were collected also from other substrates: mosses (six species), resin and upturned roots (two species each), old plastic bottle, fruit bodies of Trichaptum biforme and epiphytic algae (one species each).
In total, eight red-listed lichen species were found in the study area, seven of them were recorded recently: Acrocordia cavata, Arthonia helvola, Calicium viride, Chaeno-theca brachypoda, C. hispidula, Dictyocatenulata alba, and Scytinium subtile. One species, Pertusaria coccodes, was found only in herbarium collected by Kartashova in 1930. Arthonia helvola, A. vinosa, Chaenotheca brachypoda, C. hispidula, Chaenothecopsispu-siola, Pertusaria coccodes, and Scytinium subtile are indicator species, and Acrocordia cavata is a habitat specialist of biologically valuable forests in North-Western European Russia (Vyyavlenie..., 2009). Almost all the red-listed and indicator species were found in the historical part of the park and were confined to bark of old broadleaved trees. Moreover, several regionally rare species (known from not more than five localities in St. Petersburg and Leningrad Region) were also found in Osinovaya Ros-cha, namely Caloplaca ahtii, Cryptodiscus gloeocapsa, Lecania erysibe, Micarea turfosa, Rinodina pityrea.
The lichen biota of the historical park Osinovaya Roscha turned out to be unexpectedly rich, including several red-listed and indicator, as well as regionally rare species. This makes the territory valuable for the conservation of lichen diversity on the regional level. From this point of view, remaining parts of the old manor park are the most important.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Directorate of Nature Protected Areas of St. Petersburg, as well as to V. N. Khramtsov and E. A. Volkova (Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS, St. Petersburg) for support in organization of field studies. P. Diederich (Musée national d'histoire naturelle de Luxembourg) is thanked for help in identification of some critical specimens of lichenicolous fungi, J. Pykälä (Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki) for identification of Verrucaria boblensis, L. E. Kurbatova (Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS, St. Petersburg) for collecting specimen of Peltigera rufescens, and A. S. Zueva (St. Petersburg State University) for assistance during the field investigations. We express our gratitude to two anonymous reviewers for valuable corrections and comments. The study of DH, IS, LG, and LK was carried out within the framework of the institutional research project "Flora and systematics of algae, lichens, and bryophytes of Russia and phytogeographically important regions of the world" (no. 121021600184-6) of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS. The study of DH, IS, and LG was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 20-04-00473).
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