CC BY
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36
Section APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY
cheese (85% of accuracy/true match on the upper jaw) and the upper arm (65% of accuracy/true match on the upper jaw and 70% of accuracy/true match on the lower jaw) bite marks are much more accurate than the bites marks on apple, cucumber and acetate material. We are in the opinion that experimental studies on bite marks have an important contribution to the forensic sciences and crime investigations, and future studies are needed.
Key words: forensic anthropology, forensic dentistry, bite marks, Turkey
Contact information: Meçe Cansev, e-mail: cansevmese@windowslive.com, Gungor Kahraman, e-mail: kahraman@gazi.edu.tr, Ozer Baçak Koca, e-mail: bkozer@ankara.edu.tr.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS
IN CHILDHOOD WITH FATHER'S SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY
Mora-Urda Ana Isabel, Montero Pilar
Physical Anthropology, Biology Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Studies about children health have historically considered aspects related to mothers' health and mothers' behaviors as determinants of optimal fetal development and subsequent health of children, however, there is little information about the influence of the fathers behaviors. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between father's smoking during pregnancy with obesity and arterial stiffness in children. The sample consisted of 300 children (8 to 12 years old) and their fathers and mothers. Data were collected in public schools in the Community of Madrid. Following the collection of data from children their families were interviewed about the smoking patterns of both fathers and mothers during pregnancy. At the beginning of the pregnancy 16.7% of smoking mothers stopped smoking. Women who maintained smoking during pregnancy significantly decreased the number of cigarettes/day (14.23 cigarettes/day before pregnancy and 7.07 cigarettes/day during pregnancy). However, the percentage of fathers who stopped smoking was very small (5.3%). Fathers' smoking during pregnancy was associated with higher body mass index (p = 0.031), greater waist circumference (p = 0.012) and higher waist/ height index (0.001) in daughters but not necessarily in sons. Likewise the number of cigarettes consumed per day by the father during pregnancy affects the pulse wave velocity (PWV), an indicator of arterial wall stiffness (p = 0.028). Daughters of nonsmoking mothers during pregnancy but who were exposed during fetal life to paternal smoking, presented highest values of visceral obesity and arterial stiffness (PWV) in childhood. The results obtained in this study highlight the importance of fathers' behavior on the health of children.
Key words: father's smoking, obesity, arterial stiffness, children
Contact information: Mora-Urda Ana Isabel, e-mail: anabelmoraurda@hotmail.com,
Montero Pilar, e-mail: pilar.montero@uam.es.
FILIPPOVKA: SKULLS AND FACES. NOMADS OF THE SOUTH URALS
IN THE EARLY IRON AGE ACCORDING TO ANTHROPOLOGICAL
RECONSTRUCTIONS
Nechvaloda Alexey
Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ufa Scientific Centre of Russian Academy Sciences, Ufa, Russia
Early Iron Age is one of the spectacular periods in the ancient history of the Eurasian Steppe. Just in the center of the nomadic world, there is Filippovka kurgan cemetery, situated between Volga and Ural Rivers. Twenty-five kurgans are located on the left bank of the Ural River, 100 km to the west of the city of Orenburg.
Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Series 23 ANTHROPOLOGIYA — 3/2014
19th Congress of the European Anthropological Association Lomonosov MSU, Moscow, Russia, 25th - 29th August, 2014
