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0бути використана для оцшки голосового наванта-ження вчител1в середтх шк1л при оцiнцi умов !х працi, а також при ощнщ i управлiннi ризиками шкоди !х здоров'ю.
3. Дозу голосового навантаження до 64,2±0,7 дБА можна орieнтовно розглядати як безпечну (ри-зик отримати функцiональнi порушення голосових зв'язок нульовий), близько 64,4±0,7 дБА як погра-ничну дозу (ризик функцюнальних дисфонiй скла-дае 0,034), а бшьше 65,2±0,7 дБА, як небезпечну (ризик функцiональних дисфонiй складае 0,407).
4. Проведет дослщження вiдкривають перспе-ктиви для розробки та впровадження сучасних за-ходiв керування ризиком спрямованих на збере-ження високо! працездатностi вчителя та профшак-тики професшно! патологи голосового апарату.
Список лггератури
1. Котова И. А. Анализ и новые направления в работе фониатрической службы Кривого Рога / И. А. Котова, О. В. Давоян // Журнал вушних, носових i горлових хвороб. - 2016. - № 3. - С. 77-78.
2. Matthew Hoch. Working Toward a Common Vocabulary: Reconciling the Terminology of Teachers of Singing, Voice Scientists, and Speech-Language
Pathologists / Matthew Hoch, Mary J Metrics. // Journal of voice. - 2017. - November, V. 31, Is. 6. - P. 647648.
3. Гудкова Т. В. Гигиеническая оценка педагогической деятельности [Текст] / Т. В. Гудкова // Новые задачи современной медицины: II между-нар. науч. конф. (г. Санкт-Петербург, май 2013 р.). - СПб.: Реноме, 2013. - С. 67-69.
4. Михалевская И. А. Профилактика нарушений голоса у лиц речевых и вокальных професый : автореф. дис. на соискание наук. степени канд. пед. наук : спец. 14.01.27 «Пульмонология» / Михалевская И. А.; Дшпропетровська державна медична академiя. - М, 2005. - 19 с. : ш., табл.
5. Орлова О. С. Нарушения голоса: учеб. пособие / О. С. Орлова, Ю. С. - М.: АСТ: Астрель, 2008. - 220.
6. Латша Г. О. Оцшка напруженосп трудового процесу вчителя загальноосвггнього навчаль-ного закладу / Г. О. Латша // Укра1нський журнал з проблем медицини пращ. - 2006. - № 4 (8). - С. 3540.
7. Sylvia H.de S.Leao. Voice Problems in New Zealand Teachers:A National Survey / Sylvia H.de S.Leao, Jennifer M. Oates, Suzanne C. Purdy, David Scott, Randall P. Morton.// Journal of voice 2015. -September, V. 29, Is.5 - P. 645.e1-645.e13.
REACTION OF LIBRARY-HYPOTHALAMIC BRAIN STRUCTURE ON ISCHEMICALLY-REPERFUSIVE DAMAGE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Savchuk T.P.,
PhD, assistant Boshtan S. V.
assistant, physiology department Bukovina State Medical University, Department of Physiology, c. Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Abstract
An important role in the development of diabetic neurodegenerative changes in the brain play a breach adrenergic signaling influences not only neurons, but also on the development of microvascular brain microangiopathies, the result of which is hypoxia and neuronal death. In the article the features of the content of catecholamines in the brain structures of rats under reperfusion-ischemic damage and against the background of diabetes.
Keywords: catecholamines, diabetes, ischemia-reperfusion
One of the primary causes of neurodegenerative changes in the brain in diabetes is the change in the functional activity of the signaling systems of the brain, the regulation of which is carried out according to classical views, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and leptin, as well as activation of the glutamatergical system of the brain [1, 2]. However, recently there has been a lot of work on the important role in the development of neurodegenerative processes under conditions of diabetes malfunctioning in the system of signaling cascades regulated by biogenic amines - serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine [2-5]. An important role in the development of diabetic neurodegenerative changes in the brain play a disturbance of signal adrenergic effects not only on the neurons, but also on the cerebral microsomes with the development of microangiopathies, which results in hypoxia and death of neurons. Violations of the functional state of catecholaminergic
systems of the brain were also detected in its ischemic-reperfusion damage [2,6], however, due to the complication of diabetes with ischemia-reperfusion of the brain, there are no such studies that led to this study. Purpose and methods of research: The violation of the functional state of the prooxidant and antioxidant systems of the brain was also detected in its ischemic-reperfusion injury [6], but in the context of complication of diabetes with ischemia-reperfusion of the brain, there are no such studies that led to this study. The study was conducted on nonlinear laboratory male rats, five months old. Diabetes mellitus was modeled by single intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (Sigma, Aldrich, USA) in two-month-old rats at a dose of 60 mg / kg body weight [7, 8]. Ischemic-reperfusion injury was carried out by 1-hour minute clipping of the common carotid arteries. The definition of monoam-ines was carried out by the Falk-Oumena method [2] in
the modification A.Yu. Budantseva For this, the brain was quickly removed in the cold, fixed in liquid nitrogen. Cryostatum sections were made, they were lyo-philically dried at a vacuum of 0.66 x 10-5 -10-6 kPa. The dried sections were treated with paraform pairs, after which measure the intensity of the fluorescence of catecholamines by means of a luminescent microscope
ML-4 with a microfotometric nozzle FMEL-1A. We conducted 50 measurements in each drug in the studied structures and 50 background measurements, calculating the difference between the obtained indices. The intensity of the fluorescence of monoamines was expressed in conditional units.
120
100
80
m m
1
c°nti
rol
Perf"sion
dorsal lateral I medial
^e/Z/t,
Us
rep^si0n
Fig. 1
Effect of diabetes mellitus and carotid ischemia-reperfusion on the intensity offluorescence of catecholamines (conditional units) in the nuclei of the striar group of the septum (M ± m; n = 10, n1 = 50) Notes: the reliability of changes compared with the indicators: p - in the control; p1 - for diabetes; n - number of animals; n1- number of frames
The data presented in Fig. 1 to 5 describe the effect of 20-minute carotid ischemia with one hour reperfusion on the intensity of fluorescence of catecholamines in individual nuclei of the limbic-hypothalamic complex of rats with diabetes mellitus.
The simulation of a 20-minute ischemia with a subsequent one-hour reperfusion led to a total reduction in the fluorescence intensity of catecholamines in the nuclei of all investigated brain structures.
80
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Con
adjacent
bed of the terminal strip of the diagonal connection
Ca'
toe«*
(0®
;\\VWS
-rePe'
Fig. 2
Effect of diabetes mellitus and carotid ischemia-reperfusion on the intensity offluorescence of catecholamines (conditional units) in the nuclei of the reticular group of the septum (M ± m) Notes: the reliability of changes compared with the indicators: p - in the control; p1 - for diabetes; n - number of animals; n1- number of frames
In particular, this reduction was 62, 44, 45, 26, 38, and 36% for dorsal, lateral, medial, adjacent nuclei, kernels of the terminal strip and diagonal bone marrow segments; 97, 22, 24, 27, 34% for the paraventricular,
preopticomedial, reoptocolatherial, arcuate and ventro-medial nuclei of the hypothalamus; 32, 31, 29, 19% for corticomedial, central, basolateral nuclei and the nucleus of the terminal strip of the tonsil complex.
300
paraventricular preoptic-medial preoptico- lateral
C.OTY
Cavo1
0*a
toe**
and*01
Fig. 3
Effect of diabetes mellitus and carotid ischemia-reperfusion on the intensity offluorescence of catecholamines (conditional units) in the nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus of rats (M ± m; n = 10, n1 = 50) Notes: the reliability of changes compared with the indicators: p - in the control; p1 - for diabetes; n - number of animals; n1- number of frames
In rats with three months of diabetes mellitus, an increase in the fluorescence intensity of catecholamines was detected in 8 out of 15 examined nuclei: in the dorsal, lateral, medial, adjacent cortical segments of the brain (26, 23, 36, 28% respectively); paraventricular, preopticomedial, ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus (at 12, 13, 39%, respectively); corticomedial and central nuclei of the tonsil-like brain complex (41 and 16%). The exception was the nucleus of the reticular group of the septum of the brain - the bed of the terminal strip and the diagonal ligament, as well as the pre-optic-lateral and arcuate nuclei of the preoptic-hypotha-lamic group and the basalateral nucleus and nucleus of the terminal strip of the tonsil of the brain.
According to our data, the bilateral 20-minute carotid ischemia with one-hour reperfusion in control rats reduces the level of catecholamines in all investigated limbic-hypothalamic structures. It should be noted that the degree of decrease did not depend on the investigated structure, but differed significantly for individual nuclei. In general, our results are consistent with other researchers, according to which brain ischemia, irrespective of the mode of modeling, causes significant changes in the content of catecholamines in the entire brain, as well as in its separate structures. According to our data, in the brain of three-month-old diabetic rats, an increase in the content of catecholamines (as compared with control) in 9 out of 15 examined nuclei was observed. The lack of changes in catecholaminergic
systems of these nuclei may indicate their lesser vulnerability to those metabolic and autoimmune changes that are accompanied by the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus and is consistent with the literature data on the regional features of the reaction of brain catechola-mines to diabetes mellitus. Defeats of vessels in various organs, including the brain, appear in the first weeks of experimental models of diabetes [7], and in patients -even at the stage of pre-diabetes [8,9]. Therefore, prevention or reduction of manifestations of macro- and microangiopathy is practically the most promising direction of struggle against the development of numerous complications of diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions 1. In control rats, ischemia-reperfu-sion of the brain reduces the level of catecholamines in all investigated brain structures. 2. In the brain of three-month-old diabetic rats, an increase in the content of catecholamines was found (compared to control) in 9 out of 15 examined nuclei. 3. The reaction of catechol-amines of the investigated brain structures in diabetic rats with carotid ischemia-reperfusion is weaker and more limited than in animals without diabetes (found in only 8 out of 15 examined nuclei).
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ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ УГЛЕВОДНОГО ОБМЕНА, ГОРМОНАЛЬНОГО И ТИРЕОИДНОГО СТАТУСА У ПАЦИЕНТОК С СИНДРОМОМ ДИСПЛАЗИИ
СОЕДИНИТЕЛЬНОЙ ТКАНИ
Сметанин М.Ю.,
БУЗ УР "Республиканский клинико-диагностический центр" МЗ УР, г. Ижевск, Россия. Врач ультразвуковой диагностики, кандидат медицинских наук
Чернышова Т.Е.,
Ижевская государственная медицинская академия Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ижевск, Россия. Доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры врача общей практики и
внутренних болезней с курсом скорой медицинской помощи.
Пименов Л. Т.,
Ижевская государственная медицинская академия Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ижевск, Россия. Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой врача общей
практики и внутренних болезней с курсом скорой медицинской помощи.
Кононова Н.Ю.
Ижевская государственная медицинская академия Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Ижевск, Россия. Кандидат медицинских наук, докторант кафедры врача общей практики и
внутренних болезней с курсом скорой медицинской помощи.
FEATURES OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM, HORMONAL AND THYROIDAL STATUS IN WOMEN WITH CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA
Smetanin M. Yu.,
BUZ UR "Republican clinical and diagnostics center" MZ UR, Izhevsk, Russia.
Doctor of ultrasonic diagnostics, candidate of medical Sciences.
Chernyshova T.E.,
Izhevsk state medical academy of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Russia. Doctor of medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of General practitioner and internal medicine
with the course of emergency medical care.
Pimenov L.T.,
Izhevsk state medical academy of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Russia. Doctor of medical Sciences, Professor, head of the Department of General practitioner and internal medicine with the course of emergency medical care.
Kononova N. Yu.
Izhevsk state medical academy of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Russia. Candidate of medical Sciences, doctoral student of the Department of General practitioner and internal
medicine with the course of emergency medical care.
Аннотация
У 30 пациенток с синдромом дисплазии соединительной ткани (ДСТ) изучены показатели углеводного обмена, гормональный и тиреоидный статус. Средние значения концентрации инсулина, C-пептида,
