Rare species of orchids (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Vietnam Текст научной статьи по специальности «Химические науки»

ФЛОРИСТИЧЕСКИЕ НАХОДКИ

УДК 582.594(597)

L. Averyanov Л.В. Аверьянов

RARE SPECIES OF ORCHIDS (ORCHIDACEAE) IN THE FLORA OF VIETNAM РЕДКИЕ ВИДЫ ОРХИДНЫХ (ORCHIDACEAE) ВО ФЛОРЕ ВЬЕТНАМА

New localities of 178 orchid species (Orchidaceae), which belong to 72 genera, are reported in the paper. All discoveries are mainly based on herbarium materials collected on the territory of Vietnam during field works of2004-2006 years as well as on few herbarium and living samples that were found in Herbaria and private collections in Vietnam. Among reported orchids, 1 genus (Esmeralda) and 13 species (Aphyllorchispallida, Bulbophyllum polliculosum, Cymbidium erythraeum, C. iridioides, C. longifolium, Esmeralda clarkei, Gastrochilus bellinus, Hetaeria alta, Liparis ferruginea, Luisia ramosii, Pomatocalpa angustifolia, Thrixspermum amplexicaule, Zeuxine grandis) were found in Vietnam at first. They represent new additions to the orchid flora of the country. Two nomenclature combinations in rank of variety (Habenaria dentata var. parageniculata) and form (Paphiopedilum appletonianum f. tridentatum) are proposed.

The paper continues our publications of new localities of rare orchid species collected by the author and his colleagues in remote mountain areas of Vietnam (Averyanov, 1988 a,b, 1989, 1998, 1999, 2000 a,b; Averyanov, Averyanova, 2000, 2003, 2005; Averyanov, Vu Ngok Long, 1989; Averyanov, Duong Duc Huyen, 1989, 1993). Field exploration works, results of which are presented in this publication, were supported mainly from investigation programs of Henry Luce Foundation (project 2004-2006 "Vietnam Botanical Conservation Program''), Basic Research program in Life Sciences of Viet Nam, # 611001 "Threatened conifers and cycads of Vietnam,'' 2002-2006, Fauna & Flora International (Vietnam Program) & Counterpart International. "Preliminary survey of Orchids (Orchidaceae) in Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park", 2005, WWF Indochina Programme. Green Corridor Project in Thua Thien - Hue province, VN085301. "Lowland flora and vegetation. Preliminary survey", 2005.

Field studies of the flora and vegetation according to mentioned investigation programs were connected with extensive collection of herbarium materials, which

represent voucher materials for all published reports of species localities. Duplicate sets of collected voucher herbarium samples are housed mainly at Herbaria of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources of Academy of Sciences and Technology of Vietnam (HN) and Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (LE).

The orchid names in the list are arranged in alphabetic order. Abbreviated and unified text of herbarium labels are reported for each collecting numbers. In the text the following standard abbreviations are used: prov. (Province), distr. (District), mun. (Municipality), vic. (vicinity, vicinities), elev. (elevation, elevations), mt. (mountain, mountains), N.P. (National Park). The names of orchid species and genera reported for Vietnam at first are marked with asterisk (*). Prefixes at the collecting numbers represent next abbreviations:

HAL - Dr. Nguyen Tien Hiep, Prof. L. Averyanov, Prof. Phan Ke Loc (collections in collaborative explorations of these persons),

HLF - Henry Luce Foundation, collections of different collectors according to Vietnam Botanical Conservation Program supported from Henry Luce Foundation,

NTH - Dr. Nguyen Tien Hiep (collections in expeditions with this person as Principal Investigator),

P - Prof. Phan Ke Loc (collections in expeditions with this person as Principal Investigator),

Few other occasional herbarium collections of different collectors housed in Herbaria of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (HN) were also included in the paper.

New data on distribution of rare orchid species in Vietnam

1. Acampe Lindley

1.1. A. bidoupense (Tixier & Guillaumin) Aver.

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city area, around point 11°59'N, 108°22'E, at elev. 1400-1500 m a.s.l., epiphyte, flowers odorless, sepals and petals dull yellowish with few dull dirty-purple marks at the base, lip white, column and anther pale yellow, ovary dull pale purple-brown, rare, 14 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8625.

2. Acriopsis Reinw. ex Blume

2.2. A. liliifolia (J. Koenig) Ormerod

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 16°09'52''N, 107°36'22''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale at elev. 300-450 m

a.s.l., epiphyte on high trees, occasional, 24 March 2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.K. Loc et al., HAL 6819. Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Huong Nguyen mun., around point 16°16'08''N, 107°26'29''E, at elev. about 125 m a.s.l., secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on hill slopes composed with shale, epiphyte on tall trees, tepals white with purple-violet median stripe, lip white with light violet tint, common, 6 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 7927.

3. Anoectochilus Blume

3 .3. A. lylei Rolfe

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes along main ridge of Ta Dung mt at elev. 1700-1985 m a.s.l., around point of highest peak at 11O51'30''N, 108O02'08''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen closed wet mossy cloudy forest on crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, creeping terrestrial herb, leaves dark velvety-green with yellowish or pinkish venation, common, 8 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5656.

4. Anthogonium Wall. ex Lindley

4.4. A. gracile Wall. ex Lindley

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, Trai Mat mun., secondary open coniferous forest with Pinus kesiya, ephemeroid terrestrial tuberiferous herb, flowers dull yellow-pink-violet, rare, 13 October 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, HLF 5191a.

5. Aphyllorchis Blume

5 .5. A. annamensis Aver.

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes along main ridge of Ta Dung mt at elev. 1700-1985 m a.s.l., around point of highest peak at 11O51'30''N, 108O02'08''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen closed wet mossy cloudy forest on crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, terrestrial achlorophyllous light brownish saprophyte (stem with indistinct dirty violet marks) up to 1.4 m tall, common, 9 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K.Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5617.

5.6. A. pallida Blume* (Plate 1, a)

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12O11'09''N, 108O41'20''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mixed forest with Pinus dalatensis and P. krempfii on W slope of Hon Giao ridge, terrestrial achlorophyllous whitish saprophyte on shady mossy slope, stem, ovary and tepals silvery-whitish with dirty violet marks, very rare, 20 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5328a; HLF 5344. Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., NE slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 800-1000 m a.s.l., primary mixed broad-leaved and coniferous forest with Pinus krempfii, Dacrycarpus imbricatus and Dacrydium elatum along ridge edge, achlorophyllous yellowish ground saprophyte in shady places, very rare, 28 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5423.

6. Apostasia Blume

6.7. A. wallichii R. Br.

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., A Roang mun., around point 16O04'38''N, 107O29'10''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on very steep mt slopes composed with shale and granite at elev. 700-800 m a.s.l., terrestrial herb 5-10 cm tall, flowers yellow, rare, 20 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HAL 7175.

7. Appendicula Blume

7.8. A. cornuta Blume

Quang Binh prov., Quang Ninh distr., Truong Son mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17026'50''N, 106023'41''E, at elev. about 600 m a.s.l., primary closed broad-leaved evergreen forest on steep slopes of mt composed with shale and sandstone along stream canyon, lithophyte in shady place, flowers including lip white, locally common, 1 February 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V The et al., HAL 6315.

7.9. A. gracilis Aver.

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city area, around point 11059'N, 108022'E, at elev. 1400-1500 m a.s.l., epiphyte with long pendent shoots, flowers odorless, tepals white, lip with purple-violet apex, column and anther purple, rare, 14 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8623.

7.10. A. hexandra (Koenig) J.J. Smith

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17023'32''N, 106012'46''E, primary closed coniferous forest (with Calocedrus rupestris) on steep slopes and on tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 750-900 m a.s.l., lithophyte and epiphyte, very common, 25 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6134. Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 16009'52''N, 107036'22''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale at elev. 300-450 m a.s.l., epiphyte on mossy trees along stream, very common, 26 March 2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.K. Loc et al., HAL 6914. Thua Thien -Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 16012'50"N, 107036'29''E, mt and hill slopes composed with shale at elev. 200-250 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on steep stream slopes, epiphyte and lithophyte along rocky stream valley, flowers white, locally abundant, 14 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V Thao et al., HAL 8252.

8. Arachnis Blume

8.11. Arachnis labrosa (Lindley & Paxt.) Reichenb. fil.

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city area, around point 11059'N, 108022'E, at elev. 1400-1500 m a.s.l., epiphyte with pendent ascending shoots, flowers odorless, tepals yellowish with dull purple-violet marks, lip light yellow with reddish-brown keels, column and anther white to light yellowish, rare, 20 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8622. Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep hill slopes at elev. 700-750 m a.s.l., around point 11051'47''N, 107056'59''E, secondary open broadleaved evergreen forest with bamboo and Pinus kesiya, epiphyte on tall trees in shady place, rare, 4 November 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5522.

9. Arundina Blume

9.12. Arundina chinensis Blume

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Huong Nguyen mun., around point

16015'16''N, 107026'57''E, at elev. about 80 m a.s.l., open riparian shrubs along rocky Tra Ve river valley on sandstone and granite outcrops, lithophytic herb up to 0.4 m tall in crevices of wet rocky waterfall cliffs, flowers purple, lip with white center, very rare, 6 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 7953.

10. Bulbophyllum Thouars

10.13. B. ambrosia (Hance) Schlechter

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Du Gia mun., around point 220056'51''N, 1050 10'24''E, at elev. 1000-1200 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved submontane forests on limestone and shale, 30 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 822. Quang Binh prov., Minh Hoa distr., Thuong Hoa mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17040'21''N, 105058'00''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved lowland forest on steep slopes and on tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marblelike highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 500-620 m a.s.l., creeping epiphyte, very common, 22 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 5994; HAL 6027.

10.14. B. andersonii (Hook. fil.) J.J. Smith

Ha Giang prov., Meo Vac distr., Sung Tra mun., around point 230 10'12''N, 105017'39''E, at elev. 1100-1150 m a.s.l., remnants of primary coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky remnant ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone, creeping lithophyte on very steep mossy rocky slope, flowers purple speckled, very common, 10 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T. V. Thao et al., HAL 8468.

10.15. B. capillipes Par. et Reichenb. fil.

Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., NE slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 600-700 m a.s.l., around point 12028'21''N, 108020'33''E, primary and secondary broad-leaved closed evergreen forest on steep stream slopes, epiphyte along shady wet rocky stream valley, tepals yellowish with purple-brownish stripes, lip purple-brownish with violet center, not common, 29 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5466.

10.16. B. clandestinum Lindley

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 160 12'50''N, 107036'29''E, mt and hill slopes composed with shale at elev. 200-250 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on steep stream slopes, canopy epiphyte on mossy trees along rocky stream valley, flowers white, not common, 14 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8251.

10.17. B. emarginatum (Finet) J.J. Smith

Ha Giang prov., Meo Vac distr., Pa Vi mun., around point 230 11'05''N, 105024'04''E, at elev. about 1450 m a.s.l., remnants of coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on very steep rocky slopes and along tops of rocky remnant ridges composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone, creeping lithophyte and epiphyte on very steep rocky mossy slope, flowers white, purple striped, very common, 13 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8575.

10.18. B. emarginatum (Finet) J.J. Smith

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 105004'32''E, at elev. 1400 m a.s.l., coniferous (with Pseudotsuga sinensis) submontane limestone forest, 26 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 706.

10.19. B. evrardii Gagnep.

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12011'09''N, 108041'20''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mixed forest with Pinus dalatensis and P. krempfii on W slope of Hon Giao ridge, creeping epiphyte, flowers light yellow, apex of sepals and petals bright yellow, lip yellow, not common, 18 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5308; 20 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5327.

10.20. B. flabelloveneris (Koenig) Seidenf. et Ormerod ex Aver.

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 160 10'22''N, 107036'24''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale and sandstone at elev. about 300 m a.s.l., epiphyte on tall tree along rocky stream valley, sepals dull yellowish with purple-violet punctuation, not common, 29 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 7065. Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 16009'58''N, 107036'07''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale and sandstone at elev. 300-400 m a.s.l., 31 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 7163a. Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Huong Nguyen mun., around point 16015'27''N, 107026'15''E, at elev. 80-100 m a.s.l., secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on steep hill and mt slopes composed with shale, epiphyte on tall tree along rocky stream valley, lateral sepals yellowish marked with brown-purple, median sepal and petals deep brown-purple, lip yellow-orange, not common, 5 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 7899. Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 160 12'50''N, 107036'29''E, mt and hill slopes composed with shale at elev. 200-250 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on steep stream slopes, epiphyte on mossy trees along rocky stream valley, flowers dull yellowish-orange, common, 14 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8259.

10.21. B. kanburiense Seidenf.

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., along rocky river valley of Dak Bo river, around point 120 16'17''N, 1070 11'30''E, at elev. 320-350 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, creeping epiphyte on tall trees, flowers orange, rare, 8 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 4932a.

10.22. B. penicillium Par. & Reichenb. fil.

Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along rocky streamlet valley at the base of steep slopes of mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline and

partially shale limestone at elev. about 900 m a.s.l., creeping epiphyte on tall tree, flower buds greenish, sepals with brownish nerves, rare, 6 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6564.

10.23. B. pinicolum Gagnep.

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12008'31''N, 108039'01''E, at elev. 1400-1500 m a.s.l., open grassy woodlands with Pinus kesiya on hill slopes, epiphyte on P. kesiya, flowers white to light yellowish, lip white with dirty purple speckles at center and yellow apex, locally very common, 23 October 2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5368.

10.24. B. polliculosum Seidenf.* (Plate 1, b).

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Som mun., steep hill slopes at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., around point 11052'27''N, 107055'33''E, secondary broad-leaved open evergreen and mixed forest with P. kesiya and bamboo, creeping epiphyte on tall tree in shady slope, rare, 3 November 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5505.

10.25. B. retusiusculum Reichenb. fil.

Thua Thien Hue prov., Phu Loc distr., Bach Ma mt, at elev. 850-1112 m a.s.l., around point 16011'19''N, 107050'94''E, epiphyte, 10 September 2005, N.T. Hiep, T.V Thao, N.S. Khang et al., CFH-324A; 10 October 2005, N.T. Hiep, T.V Thao, N. Sinh. et al., CFH-325; CFH-326; CFH-326A; CFH-326B. Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12011'09''N, 108041'20''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mixed forest with Pinus dalatensis and P. krempfii on W slope of Hon Giao ridge, epiphyte, flowers dirty purple-violet, not rare, 18 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF5307. Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., vic. of Sa Mui pass, around point 16046'49''N, 106035'28''E, at elev. 650-750 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest along rocky river valley on shale rocks, creeping epiphyte on tall trees, tepals violet, lateral sepals violet-purple, not rare, 1 April 2006, N.T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc et al., HLF 6533.

10.26. B. sanitii Seidenf.

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., along rocky river valley of Dak Bo river, around point 120 16'17''N, 1070 11'30''E, at elev. 320-350 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, creeping epiphyte on tall trees, flowers orange, rare, 8 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 4932b.

10.27. B. taeniophyllum Par. et Reichenb. fil.

Bac Kan prov., Cho Don distr., Ban Thi mun., around point 22017'31''N, 105031'51''E, at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen closed forest on very steep slopes and cliffs near tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marblelike stratified limestone, epiphyte, leaves below with light purple-violet tint, flowers yellow-green, not common, 24 May 2004, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The et al., HAL 4859a. Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 105004'32''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., lithophyte, in wet places of

primary evergreen submontane limestone coniferous forest (with Tsuga chinensis), flowers pink, 25 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 618.

11. Calanthe R. Br.

11.28. C. angusta Lindley

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., A Roang mun., around point 16004'38''N, 107029'10''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on very steep mt slopes composed with shale and granite at elev. 700-800 m a.s.l., terrestrial herb along shady wet stream slopes, flowers white, lip white with central yellow callus, occasional, 20 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HAL 7238.

12. Cephalantheropsis Guillaumin

12.29. C. obcordata (Lindley) Ormerod

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Du Gia mun., around point 22056'51''N, 105010'24''E, at elev. 1000-1200 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved submontane forest on limestone and shale, terrestrial herb, flowers yellowish, 29 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 812.

13. Ceratostylis Blume

13.30. C. evrardii Gagnep.

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12006'44''N, 108039'27''E, at elev. 1800-2000 m a.s.l., along main ridge and on W slope of Bi Doup mt, primary broad-leaved closed wet forest, epiphyte on tall trees, flowers white, very common, 15 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HLF 5237c.

13.31. C. siamensis Rolfe ex Downie

Thua Thien Hue prov., Phu Loc distr., Bach Ma mt, Do Quyen water fall, around point 16011'19''N, 107050'94''E, epiphyte, 10 October 2005, N.T. Hiep, T.V. Thao, N. Sinh et al., CFH-321. Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12006'44''N, 108039'27''E, at elev. 1800-2000 m a.s.l., along main ridge and on W slope of Bi Doup mt, primary broad-leaved closed wet forest, epiphyte on tall trees, flowers white, sepals and petals with purple stripes, lip white with fleshy brightly yellow epichile, common, 15 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HLF 5237b.

14. Cheirostylis Blume

14.32. Ch. chinensis Rolfe

Quang Binh prov., Minh Hoa distr., Thuong Hoa mun., around point 17040'21 ''N, 105058'00''E, primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest and scrub on rocky ridge composed with solid and stratified marble-like highly eroded crystalline limestone at elev. 550-650 m a.s.l., terrestrial herb on shady steep slope, leaves with whitish broad central stripe, not common, 18 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 5869. Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., around point 17023'22''N, 1060 12'47''E, primary closed evergreen coniferous forest

(with Calocedrus rupestris) on steep slopes and tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., terrestrial and lithophytic creeping herb, leaves uniform dull gray-green, flowers white, lip with two green spots at mesochile, common, 24 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6056. Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., around point 17023'32''N, 106012'46''E, primary closed coniferous forest (with Caloced-rus rupestris) on steep slopes and on tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marblelike highly eroded solid crystalline limestone at elev. 750-850 m a.s.l., terrestrial and lithophytic herb, leaves dull green, flowers white, lip with two green spots on mesochile, common, 25 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6114a; 26 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6196. Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Son Trach mun., around point 17030'32''N, 106017'45''E, at elev. 300-400 m a.s.l., secondary closed broad-leaved evergreen forest and scrub on rocky steep slopes of remnant mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline deep gray limestone, creeping lithophyte on steep rocky slope near top of mt, leaves deep dull green, flowers white, common, 2 February 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P. V. The et al., HAL 6352.

14.33. Ch. latipetala Aver.

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marblelike limestone along left side of Mien river, lithophyte on shady mossy slope, flowers white, lip with two greenish spots at the center, rare, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8381. Ha Giang prov., Meo Vac distr., Sung Tra mun., around point 23010'12"N, 105021''46''E, at elev. about 1100-1150 m a.s.l., remnants of primary coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky remnant ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone, lithophyte on mossy boulders on very steep mossy rocky slope, flowers white with light green spot at the center of epichile, not common, 10 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8478. Ha Giang prov., Meo Vac distr., Pai Lung mun., around point 230 15'06''N, 105022'02''E, at elev. about 1300 m a.s.l., remnants of coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis and Tsuga chinensis on very steep rocky slopes and along tops of rocky remnant ridges composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone, terrestrial and lithophytic creeping herb on very steep rocky mossy slope, flowers white, lip with two light green spots at the center, not rare, 12 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V Thao et al., HAL 8526.

14.34. Ch. takeoi (Hayata) Schlechter

Lang Son prov., Bac Son distr., Tan Tri mun., primary and secondary broadleaved evergreen forest on very steep slopes and tops of ridge composed with solid highly eroded crystalline gray marble-like limestone at elev. about 500-600 m a.s.l., creeping lithophyte on open mossy rocks, leaves dull green-silver-brownish, sepals green-brown, petals white, occasional, 14 March 2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.K The et al., HAL 6708.

14.35. Ch. yunnanensis Rolfe

Lang Son prov., Bac Son distr., Tan Tri mun., primary and secondary broadleaved evergreen forest on very steep slopes and along tops of ridge composed with solid highly eroded crystalline gray marble-like limestone at elev. 500-600 m a.s.l., creeping lithophyte on open mossy rocks, leaves dull green-silver-brownish, sepals green-brown, petals white, lip with greenish central spot, locally very common, 14 March 2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The et al., HAL 6709.

15. Cleisostoma Blume

15.36. C. crochetii (Guillaumin ) Garay

Bac Kan prov., Na Ri distr., Liem Thuy mun., around point 21056'44''N, 106005'09''E, at elev. 300-700 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen closed wet forest on very steep slopes and cliffs of rocky ridges and mesae composed with white solid marble-like crystalline limestone, epiphyte, occasional, sepals and petals white with pink-violet tint, lip and spur purple-violet, apex of mid-lobe whitish, 27 May 2004, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The et al., HAL 4928a.

15.37. C. duplicilobum (J.J. Smith) Garay

Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., NE slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 1000-1400 m a.s.l., around point 12027'55''N, 108019'00''E, primary mixed broad-leaved and coniferous forest with Pinus latteri and P. krempfii along ridge edge, epiphytic herb, tepals yellowish with deep purple-brown stripes (sepals with two, petals with one), lip white with pink-violet base, locally common, 28 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5437.

15.38. C. paniculatum (Ker-Gawl.) Garay

Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on slopes and tops of mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline limestone at elev. 900-1150 m a.s.l., epiphyte on tall trees, occasional, 7 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6587.

16. Coelogyne Lindley

16.39. C. filipeda Gagnep.

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, mt forest in Dalat city area, flowers odorless, tepals white to yellowish-white, lip with brown margin and deep brown keels, common, 25 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8633.

16.40. C. fimbriata Lindley

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., around point 23005'49''N, 105001'00''E, at elev. about 1150 m a.s.l., primary coniferous forest with Calocedrus rupestris, Cal-litropsis vietnamensis and Pseudotsuga sinensis on rocky highly eroded marble-like limestone remnant mt, creeping lithophytic herb on very steep rocky mossy slope, flowers light yellowish, lip with deep brown center, very common, co-dominant of lithophytic herb communities, 6 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8358. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., around point 23005'49"N,

105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marblelike limestone along left side of Mien river, lithophyte and epiphyte on shady mossy slope, flowers light dull yellowish, lip with brown center, very common, co-dominant of lithophytic herb communities, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8378.

16.41. C. malipoensis Tsi

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 105004'32''E, at elev. 1200-1400 m a.s.l., broad-leaved submontane forest of limestone slope, flowers pink, 26 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 677.

16.42. C. mooreana Rolfe

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12006'44''N, 108039'27''E, at elev. 1800-2000 m a.s.l., along main ridge and on W slope of Bi Doup mt, primary broad-leaved closed wet forest, epiphyte on tall mossy trees, flowers white, lip with yellow to yellow-orange center, very common, 15 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HLF 5245. Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes along main ridge of Ta Dung mt at elev. 1700-1985 m a.s.l., around point of highest peak at 11051'30''N, 108002'08''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen closed wet mossy cloudy forest on crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, epiphyte and lithophyte, flowers white pleasantly fragrant, lip with yellow center, very common, 9 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5629.

16.43. C. nitida (Wall. ex D. Don) Lindley

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, white, lip with large yellow spot at the center and on side-lobes, epiphyte and lithophyte, very common, 24 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8309.

16.44. C. ovalis Lindley

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Som mun., steep hill slopes at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., around point 11052'50''N, 107055'35''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen dry forest along ridge edge, epiphyte on tall trees, sepals light green, petals white, lip white with brown keels and chestnut base, not rare, 5 November 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5542. Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, mt forest in Dalat city area, flowers odorless, tepals light dull yellowish, lip with light brown at the sides of the base of epichile, light brown keels and dark brown base of the lip, very common, 14 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8634.

16.45. C. virescens Rolfe

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., around point 12016'17"N, 107011'30''E, at elev. 300-350 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, epiphyte, tepals and lip light green, lip with brown marks, very common, locally abundant, co-dominant in epiphytic communities in the area, 5 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 4810.

17. Collabium Blume

17.46. C. assamicum (Hook. fil.) Seidenf.

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Hung Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17027'24''N, 106023'14''E, at elev. 600-700 m a.s.l., primary closed broad-leaved evergreen forest on slopes of mt composed with shale, sandstone and occasionally granite, terrestrial and lithophytic herb on shady slope of stream valley along stream, locally common, 30 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6268.

17.47. C. chinense (Rolfe) Tang et F.T. Wang

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Xuan Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17039'24''N, 106005'66''E, at elev. 460 m a.s.l., on stream banks, in primary and secondary closed broad-leaved lowland forest on shale, terrestrial herb, flowers white, 8 December 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 981.

18. Cymbidium Sw.

18.48. C. atropurpureum (Lindley) Rolfe

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12011'09''N, 108041'20''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mixed forest with Pinus dalatensis and P. krempfii on W slope of Hon Giao ridge, 20 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T. V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5344a.

18.49. C. eburneum Lindley

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city., mt forest in Dalat city area, flowers white, tepals outside along midvein with pink tint, lip white with brightly yellow keel, column light dull pink, anther light yellowish, not common, 25 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8629. Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, sepals and petals white, sometime with light pink tint to the base, lip white, sometime with pink tint to the base, at the center with yellow spot and yellow keels, column at front light pink, anther white, epiphyte and lithophyte, common, 25 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8317. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone along left side of Mien river, epiphyte on tall mossy tree, flowers white (rarely with purple tint), lip with yellow center and yellow keels, not common, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V Thao et al., HAL 8402.

18.50. C. erythraeum Lindley* (Plate 2, c).

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, sepals and petals olive-green with brown stripes, lip white, with, purple marks on epichile and purple stripes on side-lobes, epiphyte and lithophyte, very common, 24 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8310.

18.51. C. iridioides D. Don* (Plate 2, d).

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, sepals and petals deep olive-green with brown stripes, lip yellow

with, purple marks on epichile and purple stripes on side-lobes, epiphyte and lithophyte, not common, 24 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8316.

18.52. C. longifolium D. Don (C. elegans Lindley)* (Plate 1, e).

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, paniculate, white to light dull yellowish, rare, 25 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8318.

19. Dendrobium Sw.

19.53. D. acerosum Lindley

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., around point 12016'17"N, 107011'30''E, at elev. 300-350 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, tiny canopy epiphyte on tall trees, not common, 5 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF4814.

19.54. D. amabile (Lour.) O'Brien

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 16009'52''N, 107036'22''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale at elev. about 300450 m a.s.l., epiphyte on tall tree, sepals and petals white, tips with pink-violet tint, lip yellow, not common, 27 March 2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.K. Loc et al., HAL 6974. Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 160 10'22''N, 107036'24''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale and sandstone at elev. about 300 m a.s.l., epiphyte on mossy tall trees along rocky stream valley, flowers odorless, tepals white with light violet tint, lip bright yellow with white or very light violet apex, occasional, 30 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 7090.

19.55. D. brymerianum Reichenb. fil.

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers bright pure yellow, rare, 25 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8319.

19.56. D. crumenatum Sw.

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., around point 12005'12''N, 107009'26''E, at elev. about 200 m a.s.l., dry secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest and open woodlands on basalt soils, epiphyte on tall trees, locally very common, flowers white, very fragrant, lip white with yellow center,

13 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 5083.

19.57. D. cumulatum Lindley

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, mt forest in Dalat city area, flowers light violet, column and anther pure white to yellow, not common, 25 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8631.

19.58. D. leonis (Lindley) Reichenb. fil.

Tay Ninh prov., Tan Bien distr., Tan Binh mun., around point 11035'15''N, 105053'19''E, at elev. about 15 m a.s.l., closed evergreen broad-leaved dry forest on

alluvial ferralite soils, epiphyte, not common, 8 October 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, D.V Son et al., HLF 5174.

19.59. D. ochraceum De Wild.

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 16013'20''N, 107034'23''E, SW slopes of Mang Chan ridge at elev. 600-800 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along tops of ridge composed with rocky quartzite outcrops, epiphyte on tall tree, flowers white, later yellowish, lip with brightly red stripes, not rare, 10 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8056.

19.60. D. pachyglossum Par. & Reichenb. fil. (D. parcum Reichenb.f.)

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep hill slopes at elev.

700-750 m a.s.l., around point 11051'47''N, 107056'59''E, secondary open broad-leaved evergreen forest with bamboo and Pinus kesiya, epiphyte on tall trees, occasional, 4 November 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5516.

19.61. D. phi E. Christenson

Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., Sa Mui pass, around point 16048'36''N, 106034'44''E, at elev. about 1200-1300 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest on very steep rocky shale southern slopes of Sa Mui mt, epiphyte on tall trees, tepals light yellowish, lip with brightly orange-red to red center, common, 29 March 2006, N.T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc et al., HLF 6298.

19.62. D. pseudotenellum Guillaumin

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12011'09''N, 108041'20''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mixed forest with Pinus dalatensis and P. krempfii on W slope of Hon Giao ridge, epiphyte on mossy trees, flowers white, very common, 20 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5326.

19.63. D. tortile Lindley

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 160 10'22''N, 107036'24''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale and sandstone at elev. about 300 m a.s.l., epiphyte on mossy tall trees along rocky stream valley, flowers with light sweet fragrance, tepals light olive-yellow, tips light violet, lip deep purple-violet with yellow base and light olive-yellow apex, not common, 30 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 7091.

19.64. D. uniflorum Griff.

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., A Roang mun., around point 16004'41''N, 107029'06''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on very steep mt slopes composed with shale, sandstone and granite at elev. 700-800 m a.s.l., epiphyte on tall trees, tepals light green-brownish, lip dull olive-brown with three deep brown median longitudinal stripes, occasional, 22 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HAL 7307.

19.65. D. virgineum Reichenb. fil.

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, mt forest in Dalat city area, flowers pure white, lip with bright red spot on the disk, column and anther pure white, very rare, 25 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8632.

19.66. D. wattii (Hook. fil.) Reichenb. fil.

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, mt forest in Dalat city area, flowers pure white, lip white with brightly yellow to yellow-orange keels on the disc, occasional, 25 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8630.

20. Didymoplexiella Garay

20.67. D. siamensis (Rolfe) Seidenf.

Quang Tri prov., Da Krong distr., Huc Nghi mun., around point 16029'16''N, 107000'32''E, at elev. about 414 m a.s.l., secondary broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest on mt hills composed with shale, achlorophyllous terrestrial saprophyte on very steep shady wet slope, flower white, very rare, 26 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P. V. The et al., HLF 6216. Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., Sa Mui pass, around point 16047'42''N, 106035'50''E, at elev. about 1000 m a.s.l., secondary broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest on shale, terrestrial achlorophyl-lous olive-brownish to nearly black saprophyte on rocky shady stream slope with bamboo, flowers white, lip light blue-violet, not common, 28 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.K The, HLF 6263.

21. Didymoplexiopsis Seidenf.

21.68. D. khiriwongensis Seidenf.

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., A Roang mun., around point 16004'38''N, 107029'10''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on very steep mt slopes composed with shale and granite at elev. 700-800 m a.s.l., terrestrial achlorophyllous saprophyte, flowers white, lip white with gray spotted callus above, yellow-brown spot below, occasional, 20 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HAL 7246. Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Huong Nguyen mun., around point 16015'27''N, 107026'15''E, at elev. 150-250 m a.s.l., secondary closed evergreen broadleaved forest on steep hill and mt slopes composed with shale, achlorophyllous terrestrial herb on hill slopes near the top of ridge, flowers white, lip with yellow central spot below and gray spotted callus above, not common, 5 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V Thao at al., HAL 7890.

22. Diplomeris D. Don

22.69. D. pulchella D. Don

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Du Gia mun., Lung Dam village, broad-leaved forest, on mt slope, on rock at stream bank at elev. about 750 m a.s.l., flowers white, 15 November 2004, Ching-I. Peng, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The et al., Ching-I. Peng - 20202.

23. Epigeneium Gagnep.

23.70. E. amplum (Lindley) Summerh.

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Du Gia mun., around point 22056'51''N, 105010'24''E, at elev. 1000-1200 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved submontane forests on limestone and shale, 30 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 819.

23.71. E. chapaense Gagnep.

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., epiphyte, tepals brown-red, 13 October 2004, N.T. Hiep, NTH 5938. Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around 23006'30''N, 105004'32''E, at elev. 1380-1450 m a.s.l., primary evergreen submontane limestone coniferous forest (with Tsuga chinensis), epiphyte, flowers brownish, 25 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 617. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone along left side of Mien river, creeping epiphyte on tall mossy trees, very common, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8386.

23.72. E. labuanum (Lindley) Summerh.

Ha Giang prov., Dong Van distr., Sinh Lung mun., around point 230 12'17''N, 1050 17'07''E, 1246 m a.s.l., on limestone, common, 6 October 2005, N.T. Hiep, N.S. Khang, T.V Thao, NTH 6087.

24. Epipactis Zinn

24.73. E. atromarginata Seidenf.

Quang Tri prov., Da Krong distr., Huc Nghi mun., around point 16027'50''N, 107000'41''E, at elev. about 428 m a.s.l., secondary broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest on mt hills composed with shale, lithophytic herb up to 1 m tall in open wet stream rocks, flowers yellow, tepals with deep purple margins, lip yellow with deep purple striation, column light green, pollinia bright yellow, occasional, but sometimes in large colonies, 25 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HLF 6181.

25. Eria Lindley

25.74. E. acervata Lindley

Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along rocky streamlet valley at the base of steep slopes of mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline and partially shale limestone at elev. about 900 m a.s.l., epiphyte on tall trees, not common, 6 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6529.

25.75. E. boniana (Gagnep.) Tang & F.T.Wang

Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on slopes of remnant mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline and partially shale limestone at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., creeping epiphyte, flowers light yellowish-green, lip with violet tint, rare, 4 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6458; 5 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6474.

25.76. E. bractescens Lindley

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., steep hill slopes along Dak Huit river valley, around point 12016'11''N, 107009'25''E, at elev. 350-400 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and

open woodlands on basalt and shale mother rocks, epiphyte on tall trees, flowers white, lip white, center with two reddish keels, common, 9 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 4982.

25.77. E. carinata Lindley

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., mt Hang Tang Chang, 1100 m a.s.l., on rocks in open place, rare, lip bright brown, 12 December 2004, N.T. Hiep, P.K The, T.V Thao, NTH 5951.

25.78. E. coronaria (Lindley) Reichenb. fil.

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., mt Hang Tang Chang, 1100 m a.s.l., on rocks in open place, very common, lip with violet line inside, 12 December

2004, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The, T.V. Thao, NTH 5948.

25.79. E. pusilla (Griff.) Lindley

Quang Binh prov., Minh Hoa distr., Thuong Hoa mun., around point 17040'21 ''N, 105058'00''E, Ca Xach mt, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved gnarled stunted forest along rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded crystalline limestone at elev. 600-800 m a.s.l., epiphyte in shady place, flowers white, common, 20 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 5970. Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., along rocky river valley of Dak Bo river, around point 12016'17''N, 107011'30''E, at elev. 320-350 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, creeping epiphyte on tall trees, rare, 8 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 4941. Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Hong Kim mun., around point 16017'54''N, 107012'41''E near A Nor waterfall at elev. 700-800 m a.s.l., wet closed secondary broad-leaved forest on very steep slopes of A Nor stream composed with shale and granite, creeping lithophyte on open rocky cliffs of waterfall, not common, 26 April

2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 7539. Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Hong Van mun., around point 16021'52''N, 107009'36''E, at elev. 1000-1100 m a.s.l., secondary wet closed broad-leaved forest on very steep mt slopes composed with shale and granite along shady stream canyon, creeping lithophyte on open waterfall cliffs, occasional, 30 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T. V. Thao et al., HAL 7671.

25.80. E. siamensis Schlechter

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 105004'32''E, at elev. 1200-1400 m a.s.l., broad-leaved submontane forest of limestone slope, 26 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 675. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., mt Hang Tang Chang, 1100 m a.s.l., 12 December

2004, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The, T.V. Thao, NTH 5945.

25.81. E. stricta Lindley

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., around point 23005'49''N, 105001'00''E, at elev. about 1150 m a.s.l., primary coniferous forest with Calocedrus rupestris, Cal-litropsis vietnamensis and Pseudotsuga sinensis on rocky highly eroded marble-like limestone remnant mt, epiphyte on mossy trees on shady wet rocky mossy slope, flowers

yellowish, lip white with purple marks, very common, 6 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T. V. Thao et al., HAL 8348. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone along left side of Mien river, epiphyte on mossy tree, flowers white, margin of sepals purple, very common, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8366.

25.82. E. thao Gagnep.

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17024'24''N, 106013'08''E, at elev. 850 m a.s.l., pristine closed coniferous submontane forest (with Calocedrus rupestris), epiphyte, common, 13 December 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 1108.

25.83. E. tomentosa (Koenig) Hook. fil.

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., steep hill slopes along Dak Huit river valley, around point 12016'11''N, 107009'25''E, at elev. 350-400 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on basalt and shale mother rocks, creeping epiphytic vine on tall trees, tepals olive-green, lip white with brightly red apex, anther yellow, not common, 9 April

2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 4988.

26. Eriodes Rolfe

26.84. Eriodes barbata (Lindley) Rolfe

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city area, around point 11059'N, 108022'E, at elev. about 1400-1500 m a.s.l., terrestrial orchid, flowers odorless, tepals and lip yellowish, with purple-brown stripes, column reddish, at the apex white, rare, 14 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8624.

27. Erythrodes Blume

27.85. E. hirsuta (Griff.) Ormerod

Ha Tinh prov., Huong Son distr., Son Hong mun., around point 18034'06''N, 1050 11'40''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen forest on steep mt slopes composed with granite along Khe Van stream at elev. 400-450 m a.s.l., terrestrial creeping herb on shady rocky stream slope, leaves uniform deep green, locally common, 8 May 2004, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, P.V. The et al., HAL 5215.

28. Esmeralda Reichenb. fil.*

28.86. E. clarkei Reichenb. fil.* (Plate 1, f).

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., epiphyte with pendulous ascending shoots 25-40 cm long, flowers odorless, sepals and petals light yellowish with purple-brown transversal stripes, lip white with purple-brown longitudinal stripes and brown margin, column white, rare, 24 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8311.

29. Eulophia R. Br. ex Lindley

29.87. E. andamanensis Reichenb. fil.

Ninh Thuan prov., Ninh Hai distr., Vinh Hai mun., Nui Chua N.P., around point 11043'38''N, 109011'25''E, at elev. about 50 m a.s.l., open secondary forest and shrubs on dry rocky slopes of low hills composed with granite along stream, ephemeroid terrestrial herb in sandy place among semi desert xerophytic shrubs, rare, 20 March

2004, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 3197.

29.88. E. graminea Lindley

Quang Tri prov., Da Krong distr., Ta Long mun., around point 16036'30''N, 106052'52''E, at elev. 170-200 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest on highly eroded solid marble like limestone, terrestrial ephemeroid herb on shady slope. Sepals and petals greenish, lip white with violet center, not common, 27 March

2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The, HLF 6257.

29.89. E. macrobulbon (Par. et Reichenb. fil.) Hook. fil.

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Hong Van mun., around point 16021'52''N, 107009'36''E, at elev. 1000-1100 m a.s.l., secondary wet closed broad-leaved forest and open secondary shrubs on very steep mt slopes composed with shale, terrestrial herb in open grassy place along trail, flowers light brown, rare, 3 0 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 7696.

30. Gastrochilus D. Don

30.90. G. bellinus (Reichenb. fil.) Kuentze* (Plate 2, a).

Thanh Hoa prov., Muong Lat distr. at elev. 600-800 m a.s.l., broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest on slopes of remnant mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline limestone, epiphyte, flowers with unpleasant smell of decaying protein, sepals and petals dark olive-green with numerous deep purple-brown spots; lip white, hypochile with brown-purple spots; operculum very light yellow heavily brown-purple spotted at the base; ovary deep green with purple-brown tint, purple-brown spotted at the base, very rare, 23 February 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 6387.

30.91. G. calceolaris (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) D. Don

Nghe An prov., Con Cuong distr., Binh Chuan mun., Pu Huong nature reserve, Pu Pha Cau limestone mt, 19018'13.3''N, 104053'50.2''E, at elev. 1100-1250 m a.s.l., epiphyte in forest with Calocedrus rupestris, flowers yellow with red traces, 26 February

2004, V.M. Son, N.T. Vinh, HLF 3138. Cao Bang prov., Trung Khanh distr., Ngoc Khe mun., around point 22054'59''N, 106031'44''E, at elev. 800-850 m a.s.l., remnants of primary evergreen broad-leaved forest along tops of rocky ridges and mesae composed with light gray solid marble-like highly eroded crystalline limestone, epiphyte, occasional, 10 June 2004, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 5555.

30.92. G. pseudodistichus (King et Pantl.) Schlechter

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marblelike limestone along left side of Mien river, creeping ascending lithophytic vine up to 0.5

m long, leaves dirty purple-violet spotted, rare, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T. V. Thao et al., HAL 8385. Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23005'55''N, 105004'10''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mossy coniferous forest with Tsuga sinensis and Pinus kwangtungensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone, small erect lithophytic vine on shady mossy rocks along rocky mossy ridge edge, tepals light dull yellowish, indistinctly reddish-brown spotted, lip light dull yellowish, epichile white with indistinct small reddish-purple spots, leaves deep green, dirty violet spotted, occasional, 9 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8441.

31. Goodyera R. Br.

31.93. G. foliosa (Lindley) Clarke

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes of Ta Dung mt at elev. about 1250 m a.s.l., around point 11052'30''N, 108001'12''E, primary broadleaved evergreen closed wet forest on SW slopes composed with crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, terrestrial and lithophytic creeping herb along shady rocky stream valley, leaves uniform dark green, sepals pinkish, sepals and lip white, rare, 9 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5611.

31.94. G. schlechtendaliana Reichenb. fil.

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12005'27''N, 108039'43''E, at elev. 2100-2300 m a.s.l., along main ridge of Bi Doup mt, primary mossy wet coniferous forest with Fokienia hodginsii along main ridge, creeping terrestrial, lithophytic and epiphytic herb, flowers white, petals with green central stripe, leaves with white tessellation, very common, 15 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HLF 5257.

32. Habenaria Willd.

32.95. H. dentata (Sw.) Schlechter

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, Trai Mat mun., open short tall grasslands on road cut along secondary coniferous woodland with Pinus kesiya, ephemeroid terrestrial tuberiferous herb up to 40 cm tall, flowers pure white, odorless, very rare, 14 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HLF 8627.

32.96. H. dentata (Sw.) Schlechter var. parageniculata (Tang et F T. Wang) Aver., comb. nov. - H. parageniculata Tang & F.T. Wang, 1936, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 7: 137. 1

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, Trai Mat mun., open short tall grasslands on road

1 Plants described from Myanmar under the name Habenaria parageniculata Tang et F.T. Wang (Tang, Wang, 1936) strikingly differs from typical H. dentata in simple narrowly cuneate lip without distinct side-lobes or with very small low side-lobes. Meanwhile, these samples probably lie within natural variation of the widespread very polymorphic H. dentata and represent its marginal derivative (Seidenfaden, 1977). Before special studies of more material,

I prefer regard this taxon in the rank of variety.

cut along secondary coniferous woodland with Pinus kesiya, ephemeroid terrestrial tuberiferous herb up to 40 cm tall, flowers pure white, odorless, very rare, 14 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8628.

32.97. H. rostellifera Reichenb. fil.

Tay Ninh prov., Tan Bien distr., Tan Binh mun., around point 11038'27''N, 105051'23''E, at elev. about 15 m a.s.l., dry secondary dipterocarp woodlands and grasslands on alluvial swampy ferralite soils, terrestrial tuberiferous herb up to 0.5 m tall in open wet places, flowers white to very light yellowish-pink, lateral sepals with big brown spot, occasional, 4 October 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, D. V. Son et al., HLF 5109.

32.98. H. rumphii (Brongn.) Lindley

Tay Ninh prov., Tan Bien distr., Tan Binh mun., around point 11038'27''N, 105051'23''E, at elev. about 15 m a.s.l., dry secondary dipterocarp woodlands and grasslands on alluvial swampy ferralite soils, terrestrial tuberiferous herb up to 0.5 m tall in open place, flowers odorless, pure white, occasional, 4 October 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, D.V. Son et al., HLF 5107.

33. Herminium L.

33.99. H. lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12007'39''N, 108039'17''E, at elev. 1600-1800 m a.s.l., W slope of Bi Doup mt, grassy secondary woodlands with Pinus kesiya on steep mt slopes, terrestrial tuberiferous ephemeroid herb 0.2-1.2 m tall, flowers light green, occasional, 15 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HLF 5201. Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12008'31''N, 108039'01''E, at elev. about 1400 m a.s.l., open secondary grassy coniferous woodland on tops of hills, terrestrial tuberiferous ephe-meroid herb, flowers light green, occasional, 17 October 2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5282.

34. Hetaeria Blume

34.100. H. affinis (Griff.) Seidenf. & Ormerod

Quang Tri prov., Da Krong distr., Ta Long mun., around point 16036'30''N, 106052'52''E, at elev. 170-200 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest on highly eroded solid marble like limestone, terrestrial creeping herb on shady slope, sepals dull yellow-pinkish, petals white, not common, 27 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The, HLF 6256. Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes of Ta Dung mt at elev. about 1250 m a.s.l., around point 11052'30''N, 108001'12''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen closed wet forest on SW slopes composed with crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, creeping terrestrial herb along shady rocky stream valley, sepals olive-green, petals and lip white, leaves uniform green, locally common, 9 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5608.

34.101. H. alta Ridl.* (Plate 2, b).

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point

16009'58''N, 107036'07''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale and sandstone at elev. 300-400 m a.s.l., terrestrial creeping herb on very steep shady rocky stream slope, leaves uniform green, sepals dull light brownish, petals white, rare, 31 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 7156.

34.102. H. anomala (Lindley) Hook. fil.

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., around point 17023'22''N, 106012'47''E, Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., primary closed evergreen coniferous forest (with Calocedrus rupestris) on steep slopes and tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., terrestrial and lithophytic creeping herb, leaves uniform green, sepals whitish with brown-reddish spots, lip white, locally common, 24 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.K The et al., HAL 6060.

34.103. H. nitida Ridl.

Quang Tri prov., Da Krong distr., Ta Long mun., around point 16036'30''N, 106052'52''E, at elev. 170-200 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest on highly eroded solid marble like limestone, terrestrial creeping herb in shady slope, sepals dull pinkish, petals white, lip yellow, not common, 27 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.K The, HLF 6255.

35. Holcoglossum Schlechter

35.104. H. amesianum (Reichenb. fil.) E. Christenson

Lai Chau prov., Muong Te distr. at elev. 800-1000 m a.s.l., broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest on slopes of remnant mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline limestone, epiphyte, flowers odorless, sepals white, petals white with pink-violet tint; lip pink, purple-violet at the center; column pink-violet; operculum white, with yellowish tint; ovary white or light yellowish-green; later all flower white, leaves thick, succulent, rare, 23 February 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 6388.

35.105. H. lingulatum (Aver.) Aver.

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 105004'32''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., epiphyte, primary evergreen submontane limestone coniferous forest (with Tsuga chinensis), flowers white, 25 November 2004,

S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong at al., WP 621.

35.106. H. wangii E. Christenson

Bac Kan prov., Na Ri distr., Kim Hy mun., Kim Hy nature reserve, 22015'36''N, 106003'12''E, at elev. about 600 m a.s.l., primary closed broad-leaved lowland forest on slope of limestone mt, epiphyte, rare, 22 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 548.

36. Hygrochilus Pfitzer

36.107. H. parishii (Veitch et Reichenb. fil.) Pfitzer

Thanh Hoa prov., Thach Thanh distr., Thanh Yen mun., around point 200 17'36''N, 105035'54''E, remnants of primary evergreen seasonal broad-leaved lowland dry forest

on steep rocky slope of limestone hills at elev. 300-350 m a.s.l., lithophyte and epiphyte on open cliff near the top of hill, very common, 9 January 2003, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.H. Quang et al., HAL 2882a.

37. Kingidium P. Hunt

37.108. K. deliciosum (Reichenb. fil.) Sweet

Ha Tinh prov., Huong Son distr., Son Hong mun., around point 18034'06''N, 1050 11'40''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen dry forest on steep mt slopes composed with shale at elev. 250-350 m a.s.l., along Song Con river valley, epiphyte on shady slope, locally common, 10 May 2004, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, P.V. The et al., HAL 5299.

38. Liparis Rich.

38.109. L. balansae Gagnep.

Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on slopes of remnant mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline and partially shale limestone at elev. 1000-1200 m a.s.l., lithophytic creeping herb, flowers dull light yellowish to yellowish-green, not rare, 5 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6484. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone along left side of Mien river, lithophytic herb on shady rocky slope, flowers green, common, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8392.

38.110. L. bootanensis Griff.

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Hung Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17027'51"N, 106022'46''E, at elev. 900-1000 m a.s.l., primary closed broad-leaved evergreen forest on slopes of mt composed with shale and sandstone, lithophyte along streamlet, flowers dull orange, not rare, 29 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6214. Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along rocky streamlet valley at the base of steep slopes of mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline and partially shale limestone at elev. about 900 m a.s.l., epiphyte in shady place on mossy trees, flowers dull light yellow-brown, very common,

6 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6557. Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'20''N, 105004'25''E, at elev. about 1450 m a.s.l., primary mossy coniferous forest with Tsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone, lithophyte on mossy rocks along rocky mossy ridge edge, flowers dull olive-yellow, common, 9 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8413.

38.111. L. ferruginea Lindley* (Plate 2, c).

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Som mun., around point 11053'06''N, 107055'15''E, at elev. about 800 m a.s.l., open shrubby and grassy swamp along stream in depression between low hills composed with basalt, terrestrial tuberiferous herb,

sepals brown-purple, lateral sepals with yellow-brown median stripe, lip deep purple-brown, column white, locally common, 10 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V Thao et al., HLF 5726.

38.112. L. latilabris Rolfe

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17023'22"N, 106012'47''E, primary closed evergreen coniferous forest (with Calocedrus rupestris) on steep slopes and tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., lithophyte, flowers light dull orange, common, 24 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6070. Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along rocky streamlet valley at the base of steep slopes of mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline and partially shale limestone at elev. about 900 m a.s.l., epiphyte in shady place on mossy trees, flowers olive-green, common, 6 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6558.

38.113. L. stricklandiana Reichenb. fil.

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., mt Hang Tang Chang, 1100 m a.s.l., on rocks in open place, very common, lip green, December 2004, N.T. Hiep, P.K The, T.V Thao, NTH 5946.

38.114. L. viridiflora (Blume) Lindley

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Xuan Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17039'24"N, 106005'66''E, at elev. 460 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed broad-leaved lowland forest on shale, lithophyte, flowers yellowish, 8 December

2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 946. Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., vic. of Krong Kmar river, NE slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 600-700 m a.s.l., around point 12028'21''N, 108020'33''E, primary and secondary broadleaved closed evergreen forest on steep stream slopes, lithophytic herb on wet shady granite rocks and boulders along stream, flowers light greenish, very common, 29 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5464. Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes of Ta Dung mt at elev. 1000-1250 m a.s.l., around point 11052'30''N, 108001'12''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen closed wet forest on SW slopes composed with crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, epiphyte on tall mossy tree, flowers light green, not common, 9 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5561.

39. Ludisia A. Rich.

39.115. L. discolor (Ker-Gawl.) A. Rich.

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17023'32''N, 106012'46''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaves forest on steep slopes of rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 650-750 m a.s.l., creeping lithophyte, leaves deep green with white nerves, flowers white, operculum yellow, not rare, 24 January

2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al, HAL 6078. Quang Binh prov., Bo

Trach distr., Son Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17030'32''N, 106017'45''E, at elev. 300-400 m a.s.l., secondary closed broad-leaved evergreen forest and scrub on rocky steep slopes of remnant mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline deep gray limestone, creeping lithophyte on steep rocky slope near top of mt, flowers white, anther yellow, common, leaves deep green-brown with three pink longitudinal nerves, 2 February 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6350.

40. Luisia Gaudich.

40.116. L. ramosii Ames* (Plate 2, d).

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Hong Kim mun., around point 16019'05''N, 107012'42''E, near A Nor waterfall at elev. about 1000 m a.s.l., secondary closed broad-leaved forest along mt ridge composed with shale and granite, canopy epiphyte on tall trees, tepals light greenish, lip deep purple-violet, occasional, 27 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 7558.

40.117. L. tristis (G. Forst.) Hook. fil.

Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., Sa Mui pass, around point 16047'42''N, 106035'50''E, at elev. about 1000 m a.s.l., secondary broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest on shale mt, epiphyte on tall tree, flowers brownish-green, lip dull yellow with irregular reddish-brown marks, not common, 28 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P. V. The, HLF 6262.

41. Micropera Lindley

41.118. M. pallida (Roxb.) Lindley

Tay Ninh prov., Tan Bien distr., Tan Binh mun., around point 11035'15''N, 105053'19''E, at elev. about 15 m a.s.l., closed evergreen broad-leaved dry forest on alluvial ferralite soils, epiphyte, flowers light dull yellow, locally common, 8 October 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, D.V. Son et al., HLF 5180.

42. Microsaccus Blume

42.119. M. griffithii (Par. et Reichenb. fil.) Seidenf.

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., around point 12016'17''N, 107011'30''E, at elev. 300-350 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, epiphyte, rare, 6 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 4819.

43. Monomeria Lindley

43.120. M. barbata Lindley

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 105004'32'' E, at elev. 1400 m a.s.l., in limestone coniferous submontane forest (with Pseudotsuga sinensis), flowers yellow, 26 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 704.

44. Nephelaphyllum Blume

44.121. N. tenuiflorum Blume

Thua Thien Hue prov., Phu Loc distr., Bach Ma mt at elev. about 1100 m a.s.l., terrestrial and lithophytic herb, along stream, 9 October 2005, N.T. Hiep, T.V. Thao, N.S. Khang et al., CFH-302B.

45. Nervilia Comm. ex Gaudich.

45.122. N. plicata (Andr.) Schlechter

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., along rocky river valley of Dak Bo river, around point 120 16'17''N, 1070 11'30''E, at elev. 320-350 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, ephemeroid terrestrial herb in open bamboo forest along river valley, tepals very light olive-green, lip white with light purple nerves and yellow central keel, rare, 8 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 4940.

46. Neuwiedia Blume

46.123. N. balansae Baill. ex Gagnep.

Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., E slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 600-850 m a.s.l., around point 12030'27''N, 108022'50''E, secondary broadleaved evergreen forest with bamboo on steep rocky mt slopes, terrestrial herb up to 0.4 m tall, fruits white, juicy, sweet, locally very common, 30 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5479.

47. Oberonia Lindley

47.124. O. acaulis Griff.

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, red-orange, epiphyte, not rare, 24 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8313.

47.125. O. falcata King et Pantl.

Thua Thien Hue prov., Phu Loc distr., Bach Ma mt at elev. 1000-1098 m a.s.l., around point 16011'19''N, 107050'94''E, epiphyte, petals brown-red, 11 October 2005, N.T. Hiep, T.V. Thao, N.S. Khang et al., CFH-334A. Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12006'44''N, 108039'27''E, at elev. 18002000 m a.s.l., along main ridge and on W slope of Bi Doup mt, primary broad-leaved closed wet forest, epiphyte on mossy trees, flowers light yellowish to orange, occasional, 15 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HLF 5210. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., about 3 km to NWW of Quan Ba town, around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone along left side of Mien river, canopy epiphyte, occasional, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8397a.

47.126. O. falconeri Hook. fil.

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12011'09''N, 108041'20''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mixed forest with Pinus dalatensis and P. krempfii on W slope of Hon Giao ridge, epiphyte, flowers dull yellowish, not common, 18 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF5306; 20 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5328.

47.127. O. kwangsiensis Seidenf.

Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on slopes and tops of mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline limestone at elev. 900-1150 m a.s.l., canopy epiphyte, rare, 7 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6572.

47.128. O. longibracteata Lindley

Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., E slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 600-850 m a.s.l., around point 12030'27''N, 108022'50''E, secondary broadleaved evergreen forest with bamboo on steep rocky mt slopes, lithophytic herb on large shady mossy boulders, flowers red, occasional, 30 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5486.

47.129. O. rufilabris Lindley

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes of Ta Dung mt at elev. 900-1000 m a.s.l., around point 11052'30''N, 108001'12''E, primary broadleaved evergreen closed wet forest on SW slopes composed with crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, epiphyte on tall tree, flowers dark red, very common, 9 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5584.

48. Odontochilus Blume

48.130. O. saprophiticus (Aver.) Ormerod

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 16012'55''N, 107035'35''E, SW slopes of Mang Chan ridge at elev. about 450 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along steep slopes composed with shale with quartzite, sepals olive-brown, lip white, very rare, 13 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8194.

48.131. O. umbrosus (Aver.) Ormerod

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes of Ta Dung mt at elev. about 1250 m a.s.l., around point 11052'30''N, 108001'12''E, primary broadleaved evergreen closed wet forest on SW slopes composed with crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, terrestrial and lithophytic creeping herb along shady rocky stream valley, leaves uniform dark green, sepals pinkish-brown, sepals and lip white, rare, 9 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5611a.

49. Otochilus Lindley

49.132. O. porrectus Lindley

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 105004'32'' E, around point 1500 m a.s.l., lithophyte, in submontane limestone coniferous

forest (with Tsuga chinensis), flowers white, 25 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 620. Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, sepals and petals white, lip white with pinkish base and light greenish apex of side-lobes, column and anther pink-brown, epiphyte, not rare, 24 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8315. Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'20''N, 105004'25''E, at elev. about 1450 m a.s.l., primary mossy coniferous forest with Tsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone, epiphyte and lithophyte on steep rocky slope, flowers white, column and anther pink-brownish, occasional, 9 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8403.

50. Panisea (Lindley) Lindley

50.133. P. tricalosa Rolfe

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., mt Hang Tang Chang, 1100 m a.s.l., on rocks in open place, very common, lip bright brown with violet line inside, 12 December 2004, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The, T.V. Thao, NTH 5949. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1200 m a.s.l., primary mossy cloudy coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone along left side of Mien river, epiphyte on mossy tree on shady rocky slope, flowers light dull yellow, lip with three yellow-brownish spot at the center and light yellowish-brown apex, rare, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8401.

50.134. P. uniflora (Lindley) Lindley

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17023'32''N, 106012'46''E, primary closed coniferous forest (with Calocedrus rupestris) on steep slopes and on tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 750-900 m a.s.l., lithophytic herb on shady vertical cliffs and occasional epiphyte on Calocedrus, flowers light dull yellow, lip dull orange, common, 25 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, PV. The et al., HAL 6114.

50.135. P. yunnanensis S.C. Chen et Tsi

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 1050004'32''E, at elev. 1400-1520 m a.s.l., epiphyte, in primary evergreen wet broadleaved and coniferous submontane limestone forests (with Tsuga chinensis), flowers white, common, 25 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Phan, X. Gong et al., WP 602. Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, pure white, epiphyte, not common, 24 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8314. Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'20''N, 105004'25''E, at elev. about 1450 m a.s.l., primary mossy coniferous forest with Tsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky ridge composed with highly eroded marblelike limestone, epiphyte on mossy trees along rocky mossy ridge edge, flowers white, very common, 9 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8422.

51. Paphiopedilum Pfitzer

51.136. P. appletonianum (Gower) Rolfe f. tridentatum (S.C. Chen et Z.J. Liu) Aver., comb. nov. - P. tridentatum S.C. Chen et Z.J. Liu, 2001, Acta Phytotax. Sin., 39, 5 : 455.2

Thua Thien Hue prov., Phu Loc distr., Bach Ma N.P., Bach Ma mt, Hai Vong Dai peak, around point 16011'46''N 107051'45''E, at elev. 1300-1350 m a.s.l., mixed and broad-leaved evergreen primary closed mt forest on steep granite slopes, terrestrial herb on very steep shady slope along road, locally common, 18 April 2003, V.X. Phuong, L. Averyanov, N.X. Tam et al., HLF 959; around point 16011'65''N 107051'53''E, at elev. 1150-1300 m a.s.l., mixed and broad-leaved evergreen secondary closed wet mt forest on steep shale slopes, terrestrial and lithophytic herb on shady steep slope along stream, leaves tessellated with deep and light green, locally very common, 19 April

2003, N.T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh et al., HLF 1049. Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Hong Van mun., around point 16021'52''N, 107009'36''E, at elev. 800-1000 m a.s.l., secondary wet broad-leaved closed forest on steep mt slopes composed with shale and granite, terrestrial and lithophytic herb along shady wet stream, flowers of typical coloration, leaves deep green - light green tessellated, rare, 29 April

2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 7607. Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., Sa Mui pass, around point 16048'36''N 106034'44''E at elevation about 1200-1300 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest on very steep rocky shale southern slopes of Sa Mui mt, terrestrial and lithophytic rosulate herb, flowers of typical coloration, leaves green/light green tessellated, locally common, 29 March 2006, N.T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc et al., HLF 5800.

51.137. P. callosum (Reichenb. fil.) Stein

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes of Ta Dung mt at elev. 600-800 m a.s.l., around point 11052'14''N, 107059'34''E, secondary dense broad-leaved evergreen wet forest with bamboo on steep rocky W faced stream slopes composed with crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, terrestrial and lithophytic rosulate herb in shady places and rocky cliffs, leaves dark-light green tessellated, locally common, 9 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5575.

51.138. P. villosum (Lindley) Stein

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes along main ridge of Ta Dung mt at elev. 1700-1985 m a.s.l., around point of highest peak at 11051'30''N, 108002'08''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen closed wet mossy cloudy forest on crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, epiphytic and lithophytic rosulate

2 Mentioned collections represent populations where apex of lateral sepals in flower varies from simple, acute to bi- and tridentate. Marginal forms with sepals of three distinct acute teeth at apex were described recently as separate species, Paphiopedilum tridentatum on the base of material illegally exported from Vietnam without any data on their locality (Chen S.C., Liu Z.J., Zhang J.Y., 2001). Observation and study of floral variation in natural populations gives evidence that individuals with tridentate sepals deserve taxonomical rank not higher than rank of a form.

herb on mossy shady cliff, leaves uniform green, with dirty purple-violet marks at the base, not common, 8 November 2005, L.Averyanov, P.K.Loc, T.VThao et al., HLF 5671a.

52. Pecteilis Raf.

52.139. P. susannae (L.) Raf.

Tay Ninh prov., Tan Bien distr., Tan Binh mun., around point 11038'27''N, 105051'23''E, at elev. about 15 m a.s.l., dry secondary dipterocarp woodlands and grasslands on alluvial swampy ferralite soils, terrestrial tuberiferous herb up to 1.2 m tall in open wet places, flowers white, with light lemon fragrance, rare, 4 October 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, D.V. Son et al., HLF 5110.

53. Peristylus Blume

53.140. P. calcaratus (Rolfe) S.Y. Hu

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12008'31''N, 108039'01''E, at elev. about 1400 m a.s.l., open secondary grassy coniferous woodland on tops of hills, terrestrial tuberiferous ephemeroid herb, flowers light greenish, not common, 17 October 2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh, HLF5280. Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Lat mun., Suoi Vang locality around point 11059'12''N, 108022'12''E, at elev. about 1450 m a.s.l., secondary open grasslands and coniferous woodlands on tops and hill slopes, terrestrial ephemeroid tuberiferous herb, rare, 25 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.V. Duy et al., HLF 5384a.

53.141. P. gracilis Blume

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12007'39''N, 108039'17''E, at elev. 1600-1800 m a.s.l., W slope of Bi Doup mt, grassy secondary woodlands with Pinus kesiya on steep mt slopes, terrestrial tuberiferous ephemeroid herb up to 1.2 m tall, flowers light green, not common, 15 October 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HLF 5203. Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., E slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 600-850 m a.s.l., around point 12030'27''N, 108022'50''E, secondary broad-leaved evergreen forest with bamboo on steep rocky mt slopes, terrestrial tuberiferous ephemeroid herb up to 0.5 m tall, flowers green, locally common, 30 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5484.

54. Phaius Lour.

54.142. Ph. indochinensis Seidenf. & Ormerod

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Plao mun., steep mt slopes along main ridge of Ta Dung mt at elev. 1700-1985 m a.s.l., around point of highest peak at 11051'30''N, 108002'08''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen closed wet mossy cloudy forest on crystalline highly metamorphosed sandstone, terrestrial herb up to 1.5 m tall on shady rocky slope, tepals brown, lip white, purple speckled, rare, 8 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HLF 5664. Lam Dong prov., Dalat city, mt forest in Dalat city area, flowers odorless, tepals brown, yellow striped to uniform redbrown, lip white with red-brown stripes to white with light purple-violet markings, hairs silvery-white, occasional, 14 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8637.

54.143. Ph. longicornu Guillaumin

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., Hong Kim mun., around point 16017'54''N, 107012'41''E near A Nor waterfall at elev. 700-800 m a.s.l., wet closed secondary broad-leaved forest on very steep slopes of A Nor stream composed with shale and granite, lithophytic herb on open wet waterfall cliffs, tepals white, lip light yellowish with purple striping, occasional, 26 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V.Thao et al., HAL 7535.

55. Pholidota Lindley ex Hook.

55.144. Ph. chinensis Lindley

Ha Giang prov., Hoang Su Phi distr., Ho Thau mun., around point 22037'24''N, 104038'00''E, at elev. 900-1000 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen broadleaved forest on very steep slopes of mt composed with shale and granite with quartzite, epiphyte in shady narrow stream canyon, occasional, 9 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6615.

55.145. Ph. guibertiae Finet

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 16013'36''N, 107035'09''E, SW slopes of Mang Chan ridge at elev. 450-500 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along steep stream slopes composed with shale with quartzite, epiphyte on mossy trees along stream, flowers orange, occasional, 12 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8188.

55.146. Ph. missionariorum Gagnep.

Ha Giang prov., Yen Minh distr., Lao Va Chai mun., around point 23006'30''N, 105004'32'' E, at elev. about 1400 m a.s.l., in limestone coniferous submontane forest (with Pseudotsuga sinensis), 26 November 2004, S.K. Wu, L.K. Han, X. Gong et al., WP 704B. Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., mt Hang Tang Chang, 1100 m a.s.l., on rocks in open place, very common, lip bright brown, 12 December

2004, N.T. Hiep, P.K The, T.V. Thao, NTH 5950.

55.147. Ph. roseans Schlechter

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Can Ty mun., mt Hang Tang Chang, 1100 m a.s.l., on rocks in open place, very common, 12 December 2004, N.T. Hiep, P. V. The, T.V. Thao, NTH 5941.

55.148. Ph. rubra Lindley

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers light greenish to light dull pink, very common, 25 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8320.

55.149. Ph. yunnanensis Rolfe

Ha Giang prov., Quan Ba distr., Thanh Van mun., around point 23005'49''N, 105000'28''E, at elev. about 1050 m a.s.l., secondary broad-leaved forest on rocky highly eroded marble-like limestone remnant mt, lithophyte and epiphyte, flowers light pink, anther orange, common, 7 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8363. Ha Giang prov., Meo Vac distr., Sung Tra mun., around point 23010'12''N, 105017'39''E, at elev. about 1100-1150 m a.s.l., remnants of primary

coniferous forest with Pseudotsuga sinensis on tops of high rocky remnant ridge composed with highly eroded marble-like limestone, creeping lithophyte on very steep mossy rocky slope, flowers light pink, lip with yellow center on epichile, common, 10 December 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8465.

56. Podochilus Blume

56.150. P. banaensis Ormerod

Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., vic. of Krong Kmar river, NE slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 600-700 m a.s.l., around point 12028'21''N, 108020'33''E, primary and secondary broad-leaved closed evergreen forest on steep stream slopes, epiphyte along shady wet rocky stream valley, flowers white, locally common, 29 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5467.

57. Pomatocalpa Breda, Kuhl et Hasselt

57.151. P. angustifolia Seidenf.* (Plate 2, e).

Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Viet mun., to N of Sa Mui pass, around point 16051'14''N, 106034'13''E, at elev. 550-650 m a.s.l., remnants of primary broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest on rocky remnant highly eroded solid marblelike limestone hills and low mt with very steep slopes and vertical cliffs, epiphyte on shady slope, flowers sweet fragrant, yellowish, tepals with two reddish stripes, rare, 31 March 2006, N.T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc et al., HLF 5934.

58. Porpax Lindley

58.152. P. elwesii (Reichenb. fil.) Rolfe

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., around point 12016'17"N, 107011'30''E, at elev. 300-350 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, tiny creeping epiphyte on branches of tall trees, not common, 5 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N. T. Vinh et al., HLF 4815.

59. Pteroceras Hasselt ex Hassk.

59.153. P. simondianum (Gagnep.) Aver.

Ha Tinh prov., Huong Son distr., Son Hong mun., around point 18034'06''N, 1050 11'40''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen dry forest on steep mt slopes composed with shale at elev. about 250-350 m a.s.l., epiphyte on shady slope, locally common, 10 May 2004, P.K.Loc, L. Averyanov, P.V. The et al., HAL 5298.

60. Schoenorchis Reinw.

60.154. S. gemmata (Lindley) J.J. Smith

Quang Binh prov., Minh Hoa distr., Thuong Hoa mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17040'21''N, 105058'00''E, primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest and scrub on rocky ridge composed with solid and stratified

marble-like highly eroded crystalline limestone at elev. 550-650 m a.s.l., epiphyte along tops of ridge, sepals purple-violet, lip white, very common, 18 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 5835.

61. Smithinandia Holttum

61.155. S. micrantha (Lindley) Holttum

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., around point 12016'17"N, 107011'30''E, at elev. 300-350 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen and semi-deciduous broad-leaved lowland dry forest and open woodlands on hill slopes on basalt and shale mother rocks, epiphyte, flowers white, lip with purple-violet apex, occasional, 6 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N. T. Vinh et al., HLF 4818.

62. Spathoglottis Blume

62.156. S. pubescens Lindley

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12008'31''N, 108039'01''E, at elev. 1400-1500 m a.s.l., open grassy woodlands with Pinus kesiya on hill slopes, terrestrial ephemeroid tuberiferous herb, flowers bright yellow lateral sepals and lip with brown-purple marks at base, not common, 23 October

2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5369. Dak Lak prov., Krong Bong distr., Hoa Son mun., NE slopes of Chu Yang Sin mt at elev. 600-700 m a.s.l., around point 12028'21''N, 108020'33''E, primary and secondary broad-leaved closed evergreen forest on steep stream slopes, terrestrial and lithophytic erect herb on wet open granite rocks along river, flowers yellow, not common, 29 October 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5454.

63. Stereosandra Blume

63.157. S. javanica Blume

Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., A Roang mun., around point 16004'41''N, 107029'06''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on very steep mt slopes composed with shale, sandstone and granite at elev. 700-800 m a.s.l., achlorophyllous white ground tuberiferous saprophyte on shady slope of rocky stream valley, tepals (including lip) white with black-violet tips, column white, fruits white with dirty purple-violet marks, later light yellowish, rare, 22 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HAL 7380. Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., Sa Mui pass, around point 16047'42"N, 106035'50''E, at elev. about 1000 m a.s.l., secondary broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest on shale mt, terrestrial achlorophyllous white saprophyte on rocky shady stream slope with bamboo, rare, 28 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The, HLF 6264; around point 16048'36''N, 106034'44''E, at elev. about 1200-1300 m a.s.l., 29 March 2006, N.T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc et al., HLF 6291; around point 16047'42''N, 106035'50''E, at elev. about 1050 m a.s.l., 17 March 2006, P.K. Loc, HLF 5760.

64. Taeniophyllum Blume

64.158. T. glandulosum Blume

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 160 12'50''N, 107036'29''E, mt and hill slopes composed with shale at elev. 200-250 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on steep stream slopes, canopy epiphyte on mossy trees along rocky stream valley, flowers light greenish, locally common, 14 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8241.

65. Tainia Blume

65.159. T. angustifolia (Lindley) Benth. et Hook. fil.

Lam Dong prov., Dalat city area, terrestrial herb, 18 April 2004, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Hiep, HAL 4601. Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Hung Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17026'50''N, 106023'41''E, at elev. about 600 m a.s.l., primary closed broad-leaved evergreen forest on steep slopes of mt composed with shale and sandstone along stream canyon, terrestrial and lithophytic herb in shady rocky slope, flower buds yellowish-brown, occasional, not common, 1 February 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6318.

65.160. T. hongkongensis Rolfe

Quang Binh prov., Minh Hoa distr., Thuong Hoa mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17040'21''N, 105058'00''E, primary closed evergreen broadleaved and coniferous lowland forest (with Dacrydium elatum) along rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 550-650 m a.s.l., terrestrial herb in open forest with bamboo on top of ridge, flower buds brown, not common, 21 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 5986.

65.161. T. latifolia (Lindley) Reichenb. fil.

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Hung Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17027'24''N, 106023'14''E, at elev. 600-700 m a.s.l., primary closed broad-leaved evergreen forest on slopes of mt composed with shale, sandstone and occasionally granite, terrestrial and lithophytic herb on shady slope of stream valley along stream, flowers olive-brownish, lip white, locally common, 30 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6266.

65.162. T. ruybarrettoi S.YHu et Barretto

Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., Sa Mui pass, around point 16047'42''N, 106035'50''E, at elev. about 1000 m a.s.l., secondary broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest on shale mt, terrestrial herb on shady rocky stream slope, flowers olive-yellowish, not common, 28 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The, HLF 6261.

66. Thrixspermum Lour.

66.163. T. annamense (Guillaumin ) Garay

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 160 10'22''N, 107036'24''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along

La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale and sandstone at elev. about 300 m a.s.l., canopy epiphyte along rocky stream valley, flowers white, later with yellowish tint, rare, 30 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P. V. The et al., HAL 7099. Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 16013'23''N, 107035'16''E, SW slopes of Mang Chan ridge at elev. 350-500 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along steep stream slopes composed with shale with quartzite, canopy epiphyte on mossy trees along rocky stream canyon, flower buds white, locally very common, 11 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8145. Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Som mun., steep hill slopes at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., around point 11052'50"N, 107055'35''E, primary broad-leaved evergreen dry forest along ridge edge, canopy epiphyte in shady wet place, flower buds yellowish-white, not common, 5 November 2005, L. Averyanov, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF5543. Quang Tri prov., Da Krong distr., Huc Nghi mun., around point 16029'00''N, 107000'40''E, at elev. about 432 m a.s.l., secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved lowland forest on shale, epiphyte, occasionally common, 24 March 2006, P.K. Loc, N.S. Khang, D.C. Tri et al., HLF 6176.

66.164. T. centipeda Lour.

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 16009'52''N, 107036'22''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale at elev. 300-450 m a.s.l., epiphyte on shady slope, flowers light yellowish-white, not common, 25 March

2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.K. Loc et al., HAL 6877. Thua Thien - Hue prov., A Luoi distr., A Roang mun., around point 16004'41''N, 107029'06''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on very steep mt slopes composed with shale, sandstone and granite at elev. 700-800 m a.s.l., epiphyte on tall trees along stream valley, tepals light orange, lip with white apex and light orange side-lobes marked with red spots, common, 22 April 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, J. Regalado et al., HAL 7327. Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 160 12'50''N, 107036'29''E, mt and hill slopes composed with shale at elev. 200-250 m a.s.l., primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on steep stream slopes, canopy epiphyte on mossy trees along rocky stream valley, locally very common,

14 May 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8245.

66.165. T. pygmaeum (King & Pantl.) Holttum

Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., vic. of Sa Mui pass, around point 16048'36''N, 106034'44''E, at elev. about 1400-1500 m a.s.l., primary broad-leaved evergreen mt cloudy forest along main ridge of Sa Mui mt, epiphyte on mossy trees near top of mt, rare, 1 April 2006, N.T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc et al., HLF 6516.

66.166. T. stelidioides Aver. et Averyanova

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 16009'58''N, 107036'07''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale and sandstone at elev. 300-400 m a.s.l., canopy epiphyte on very steep shady rocky stream slope, flowers light yellowish, rare, 31 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL

7157. Thua Thien Hue prov., Phu Loc distr., Bach Ma mt, around 1100 m a.s.l., epiphyte, along the stream, 9 October 2005, N.T. Hiep, T.V. Thao, N.S. Khang et al., CFH-302B.

66.167. T. amplexicaule (Blume) Reichenb. fil.* (Plate 2, f).

Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Som mun., around point 11053'06''N, 107055'15''E, at elev. about 800 m a.s.l., open shrubby and grassy swamp along stream in depression between low hills composed with basalt, hemi-woody vine 0.5-1.5 m long in open shrubs, flowers odorless, tepals and lip light violet, lip light violet with white apex and white side-lobes, rare, 10 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T. V. Thao et al., HLF 5731.

67. Trias Lindley

67.168. T. nasuta (Reichenb. fil.) Stapf

Binh Phuoc prov., Phuoc Long distr., Bu Gia Map mun., Bu Gia Map N.P., around point 12005'12''N, 107009'26''E, at elev. about 200 m a.s.l., dry secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest and open woodlands on basalt soils, creeping epiphyte on tall trees, locally very common, 13 April 2005, P.K. Loc, L. Averyanov, N. T. Vinh et al., HLF 5084.

68. Trichotosia Blume

68.169. T. dalatensis (Gagnep.) Seidenf.

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12011'09''N, 108041'20''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mixed forest with Pinus dalatensis and P. krempfii on W slope of Hon Giao ridge, epiphyte on mossy tree, flowers deep purple-brown, not rare, 20 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF5322.

68.170. T. dasyphylla (Par. et Reichenb. fil.) Kraenzl.

Lam Dong prov., Lac Duong distr., Da Chais mun., around point 12011'09''N, 108041'20''E, at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., primary mixed forest with Pinus dalatensis and P. krempfii on W slope of Hon Giao ridge, epiphyte on mossy tree, not rare, 20 October 2005, T.T.T. Trang, T.V. Thao, N.T. Vinh, HLF 5322a.

68.171. T. pulvinata (Lindley) Kraenzl.

Thua Thien - Hue prov., Huong Thuy distr., Duong Hoa mun., around point 16013'25''N, 107034'09''E, SW slopes of Mang Chan ridge at elev. about 825 m a.s.l., primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest along steep slopes and mt tops composed with shale with quartzite, epiphyte on tall trees, flowers white, very common, 12 May

2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, T.V. Thao et al., HAL 8192.

69. Vanda Jones ex R. Br.

69.172. V. brunnea Reichenb. fil.

Lao Cai prov., Sa Pa distr., vic. of Sa Pa town, mt forest at elev. about 1500 m a.s.l., flowers odorless, sepals and petals brown with indistinct yellowish spots, lip brown with white base and white side-lobes speckled with purple, column white, anther light yellowish, epiphyte, not rare, 24 November 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, HAL 8312.

70. Vanilla Plum. ex Mill.

70.173. V. annamica Gagnep.

Ha Giang prov., Bac Me distr., Phieng Luong mun., around point 22039'29''N, 1050 19'35''E, primary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on slopes and tops of mt composed with solid highly eroded crystalline limestone at elev. about 900-1150 m a.s.l., lithophytic and epiphytic creeping succulent vine up to 10 m long, flower buds light greenish, locally common, 7 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6575.

71. Vrydagzynea Blume

71.174. V. formosana Hayata

Quang Binh prov., Bo Trach distr., Tan Trach mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., around point 17023'22"N, 106012'47''E, primary closed evergreen coniferous forest (with Calocedrus rupestris) on steep slopes and tops of rocky ridge composed with solid marble-like highly eroded stratified crystalline limestone at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., terrestrial and lithophytic creeping herb, leaves uniform green, flowers white to light yellowish, not common, 24 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6058; around point 17023'32''N, 106012'46''E, at elev. about 750-900 m a.s.l., 25 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6148; around point 17027'51''N, 106022'46''E, at elev. 900-1000 m a.s.l., 29 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6229. Quang Binh prov., Quang Ninh distr., Truong Son mun., Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P. around point 17026'50''N, 106023'41''E, at elev. about 600 m a.s.l., primary closed broad-leaved evergreen forest on steep slopes of mt composed with shale and sandstone along stream canyon, creeping terrestrial and lithophytic herb in shady rocky slope, flowers white, later yellowish, very common, 1 February 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 6316. Thua Thien -Hue prov., Nam Dong distr., Huong Son mun., around point 16009'52"N, 107036'22''E, primary closed broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest along La Ma river on very steep hill slopes composed with clayey shale at elev. about 300-450 m a.s.l., 25 March

2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.K. Loc et al., HAL 6896a.

72. Zeuxine Lindley

72.175. Z. flava (Wall. ex Lindley) Trimen

Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Viet mun., to N of Sa Mui pass, around point 16051'14''N, 106034'13''E, at elev. 550-650 m a.s.l., remnants of primary broad-leaved evergreen lowland forest on rocky remnant highly eroded solid marblelike limestone hills and low mt with very steep slopes and vertical cliffs, terrestrial creeping herb up to 40 cm tall in shady place, flowers yellow, rare, 31 March 2006, N.T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc et al., HLF 5939.

72.176. Z. grandis Seidenf.* (Plate 2, g, h).

Quang Tri prov., Huong Hoa distr., Huong Phung mun., Sa Mui pass, around point 16047'42''N, 106035'50''E, at elev. 1000-1200 m a.s.l., primary and secondary broad-leaved evergreen submontane forest on shale mt, lithophytic and terrestrial

creeping herb on rocky cliffs along rocky shady stream valley, sepals olive-green at base, light dull pinkish at apex, petals and lip pure white, occasional, 28 March 2006, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The, HLF 6278.

72.177. Z. nervosa (Lindley) Clarke

Quang Binh prov., Minh Hoa distr., Thuong Hoa mun., around point 17040'21 ''N, 105058'00''E, Phong Nha - Ke Bang N.P., primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest and scrub on rocky ridge composed with solid and stratified marblelike highly eroded crystalline limestone at elev. 550-650 m a.s.l., terrestrial herb on shady steep slope, leaves with whitish broad central stripe, sepals light brownish-green, lip white with light brown-greenish central spot, not common, 18 January 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, P.V. The et al., HAL 5868.

72.178. Z. pauciflora (Ridl.) Seidenf.

Thanh Hoa prov., Ba Thuoc distr., Co Lung mun., around point 20025'56''N, 105014'12''E, primary evergreen seasonal broad-leaved closed lowland forest on crystalline marble-like highly eroded limestone, very steep rocky mt slopes at elev. 500-850 m, terrestrial creeping herb, leaves green with silvery wide median stripe, occasional, 23 September 2003, L. Averyanov, D.T. Doan, J. Regalado et al., HAL 3310a. Ha Giang prov., Hoang Su Phi distr., Ho Thau mun., around point 22037'24''N, 104038'00''E, at elev. 900-1000 m a.s.l., remnants of primary and secondary closed evergreen broad-leaved forest on very steep slopes of mt composed with shale and granite with quartzite, terrestrial creeping herb in open forest with bamboo, leaves uniform green, sepals light greenish-brown, lip pure white with light yellowish central spot, rare, 9 March 2005, L. Averyanov, P.K. Loc, N.T. Vinh et al., HAL 6620. Lang Son prov., Bac Son distr., Tan Tri mun., Khau Kieng ridge composed with shale, primary and secondary broad-leaved evergreen wet forest with bamboo at elev. 8001100 m a.s.l., terrestrial creeping herb on shady rocky slope, leaves uniform light green, sepals light green, petals white, lip white with yellow central spot, occasional, 15 March

2005, L. Averyanov, N.T. Hiep, P.V. The et al., HAL 6790. Dak Nong prov., Dak Glong distr., Dak Som mun., steep hill slopes at elev. 800-900 m a.s.l., around point 11052'27''N, 107055'33''E, secondary broad-leaved open evergreen and mixed forest with P. kesiya and bamboo, terrestrial creeping herb on steep shady slope, leaves light green with wide longitudinal silvery stripe, sepals light greenish, petals and lip pure white, locally common, 3 November 2005, L.Averyanov, T. V Thao, N. T. Vinh, HLF5503a.

Acknowledgments

Authors cordially thank all participants and organizers of the field botanical explorations in Vietnam, particularly Dr. Nguyen Tien Hiep and Prof. Phan Ke Loc for their key role in organization of expeditions according to all investigation programs. We also wish to thank authorities of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources and Dalat Institute of Biology of the Academy of Science and Technology of Vietnam for their kindest permission for our studies of herbarium and living orchid collections housed in these institutions.

Permit for the collection and export of herbarium plant specimens were granted by the

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi, through a letter dated September 15, 1998, Ref. No. 3551/BNN/KHCN, and from the Cuc Phuong National Park, through a letter dated September 16, 1998.

LITERATURE

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Averyanov L.V New and rare species of the Orchidaceae family in Vietnamese flora // Bot. Journ. (Leningrad), 1988b. - Vol. 73, № б. - P. 892-898 (in Russian).

Averyanov L.V New and rare species of the Orchidaceae family in Vietnamese flora // Bot. Journ. (Leningrad), 1989. - Vol. 74, № 9. - P. 1347-1355 (in Russian).

Averyanov L. V Familiae Orchidaceae species novae et rarae in flora Vietnami // Nov. Syst. Pl. Vasc. (St.-Petersburg), 1998. - Vol. 31. - P. 39-67 (in Russian).

Averyanov L. V. Nomenclature changes and new orchids (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Vietnam // Bot. Journ. (St.-Petersburg), 1999. - Vol. 84, № 10. - P. 126-130 (in Russian).

Averyanov L.V. Rare species of Orchidaceae in the flora of Vietnam. 1. The genera Acanthephippium - Didymoplexiopsis// Bot. Journ. (St.-Petersburg). - 2000a, Vol. 85, № 3. -P. 128-138 (in Russian).

Averyanov L. V. Rare species of Orchidaceae in the flora of Vietnam. 2. The genera Eria -Zeuxine // Bot. Journ. (St.-Petersburg), 2000b. - Vol. 85, № 4. - P. 137-147 (in Russian).

Averyanov L., Averyanova A. Rare species of orchids (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Vietnam // Turczaninowia, 2000. - Vol. 3, № 2. - P. 5-86 (in Russian).

Averyanov L. V., Averyanova A.L. Updated checklist of the orchids of Vietnam. Vietnam National University Publishing House, Hanoi, 2003. -102 P. (bilingual, in English and in Vietnamese).

Averyanov L., Averyanova A. Rare species of orchids (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Vietnam // Turczaninowia, 2005. - Vol. 8, № 1. - P. 39-97.

Averyanov L. V., Duong Duc Huyen. Rare species of the genus Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) in Vietnamese flora // Bot. Journ. (Leningrad), 1989. - Vol. 74, № 11. - P. 1667-1668 (in Russian).

Averyanov L. V., Dzuong Duc Huyen. New and rare species of the orchids (Orchidaceae) in the Vietnamese flora // Bot. Journ. (St.-Petersburg), 1993. - Vol. 78, № 7. - P. 81-85.

Averyanov L. V., Vu Ngok Long. Rare species of the genus Eria (Orchidaceae) in Vietnamese flora // Bot. Journ. (Leningrad), 1989. - Vol. 74, № 10. - P. 15-18 (in Russian).

Chen Sing-Chi, Liu Zhong-Jian, Zhang Jian-Yong. A new species and a new variety of Paphiopedilum (Orchidaceae) // Acta Phytotax. Sin., 2001. - Vol. 39, № 5. - P. 455-458.

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Tang T., Wang F.T. Notes on Orchidaceae of China 2 // Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., 1936. -Vol. 7, № 3. - P. 127-143.

РЕЗЮМЕ

В статье приводятся новые местонахождения 178 редких видов орхидных из 72 родов, собранных на территории Вьетнама во время полевых работ 2004-2006 годов, а также обнаруженных в гербариях и частных коллекциях СРВ. Один род (Esmeralda) и 13 видов

(Aphyllorchis pallida, Bulbophyllum polliculosum, Cymbidium erythraeum, C. iridioides, C. longifolium, Esmeralda clarkei, Gastrochilus bellinus, Hetaeria alta, Liparis ferruginea,

Plate 2. New species of orchids in the flora of Vietnam.

a - Gastrochilus bellinus (HAL 6387); b - Hetaeria alta (HAL 7156); c - Liparis ferruginea (HLF 5726); d - Luisia ramosii (HAL 7558); e - Pomatocalpa angustifolia (HLF 5934); f - Thrixspermum amplexicaule (HLF 5731); g, h -Zeuxine grandis (HLF 6278).

Luisia ramosii, Pomatocalpa angustifolia, Thrixspermum amplexicaule, Zeuxine grandis) найдены во Вьетнаме впервые. Предложено две номенклатурные комбинации в ранге разновидности (Habenaria dentata var. parageniculata) и формы (Paphiopedilum ap-pletonianum f. tridentatum).

Ботанический институт им. В.Л. Комарова РАН, г. Санкт-Петербург

Получено 01.06.2006 г.