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18PROGRESS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF ASTRAGALUS
ZHANG Kai, CUI Ming-yu*
(College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China) Corresponding author: Cui Ming-yu, Address:Heping Road24, Harbin 150040, College of Pharmacy, HeilongjiangUniversity of Chinese Medicine, P.R.China, Email: [email protected]
Abstract The resource of Astragalus is rich. It has medicinal base in many countries. The main ingredients of Astragalus are Astragalus polysaccharides, Astragalus saponins, Astragaloside and Astragalus flavonoids[1] ..In recent years, Astragalus pharmacological effects of extensive research. Studies have shown that Astragalus is effective in immune regulation, diabetes, anti-tumor, anti-virus, anti-aging.
Keywords: Astragalus ; Pharmacological effects
Astragalus is from the leguminous plants Mongolian Astragalus or film pods Astragalus root, which is the traditional Chinese herbal medicines. In recent years, the composition of Astragalus and pharmacological studies have shown that, Astragalus contains polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, folic acid, alkaloids, and trace elements and other active ingredients.lt can enhance the body's immune system, regulate blood pressure, anti-tumor, anti-aging [2].
1. Astragalus polysaccharide
Astragalus polysaccharide is one of the most active components in Astragalus membranaceus. It plays an important biological function, with immune regulation, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, antiviral, metabolic disorders and anti-aging effects. Zhong etc[3].found, thymus index and spleen index increased, and blood, liver, brain malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased in D-galactose rats aging model administed Astragalus polysaccharide. But SOD, GSH-Px and CAT and other antioxidant enzymes activity are increasing, which indicate that Astragalus polysaccharide can enhance the immune function, improve its antioxidant capacity to delay aging.
2.Astragalus total saponins
Now, more than 40 kinds of mushroom saponins are isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, Astragalus membranaceus and their similar plants. There are mainly astragalus saponins and soybean saponins[4].The study found that astragalus saponins on the brain, liver, lung, myocardium, kidney have a protective effect, in addition to anti-cell apoptosis, anti-inflammatory and anti-virus, improve anemiat. Liu Yuxia etc[5]. studied the effect of astragaloside on the left ventricular myocardium in normal and cardiac dysfunction rats. It was found that astragaloside exhibited positive muscle strength in the left ventricle of normal or cardiac dysfunction rats. Not only increasing myocardial oxygen consumption in the case of contraction but also diastolic function.
3.Astragalus flavonoids
Flavonoids have the effect in the regulation of the immune system, anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis and so on. Liu etc[6].established rat model of retinoic acid osteoporosis, and observed the different doses of total fla-vonoids Astragalus on bilateral femur and other biomechanical indicators of the impact. The results showed that the total flavonoids of Astragalus could increase the bone mineral density and enhance the anti-external shock ability of rats induced by osteoporosis. And its mechanism could be related to the effect of estrogen.
4.Conclusion:
Astragalus is a traditional Qi-tonifying drug, monomer with a variety of chemical active ingredients. It has a good effect and compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine and health care to share on cardiovascular system, nervous system, digestive system, diabetes, cancer . In the future, research of Astragalus should focus on the following two aspects, one is the study of a drug efficacy, mechanism, the clinical selection of dosage forms. The other is preventing disease, exploring the effective addition of Astragalus membranaceus, and promoting its application in health food.
References:
[1] The People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia Commission. Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition[S]. China Medical Science and Technology Press, 2010: 283.
[2] Li Shufang. Chinese medicine Astragalus pharmacological effects of research progress [J] .Hubei Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2013,35 (6): 73-75.
[3] Zhong Ling, Wang Zhenfu, Wen Dejian. Astragalus polysaccharide anti-aging effect of experimental study[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology,2013,(04): 350.
[4] Li Xianghua, Wang Hongxin. Astragaloside in the role of cardiovascular disease [J]. Advances in Cardiology, 2011, (01): 132136.
[5] LIU Yanxia.Effects of Astragaloside № on Left Ventricular Myocardial Mechanics in Normal and Cardiac Function Inhibited Rats [J]. Chinese Traditional Medicine, 2001, (04): 46-48.
[6] Liu Xinping, Chen Fangliang, Cheng Yajun. Astragalus total flavonoids to prevent rat osteoporosis experimental study [J]. Zheji-ang Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 2005, (05): 282-283.
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Амурский медицинский журнал №4 (20) 2017
