Different origin astragalus microscopic [2] identification Текст научной статьи по специальности «Фундаментальная медицина»

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Different origin astragalus microscopic identification

Zhang yanhe Ma wei* Gong he Zhang leiming College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HeilongjiangUniversity of Chinese Medicine, Harbin China

Abstract: The purpose of perfecting Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch)Bge and Astragalus membranaceus (he.) Bge. Var. mongholicus(Bge. )Hsiao identification standard. Methods character identification and microscopic identification of the different morphology of Astragalus and organizational structure to carry out a comparative study. The results of the of different Astragalus Medicinal parts, Appearance and cross-section of organizational structure there are obvious differences. Conclusion ecological environment have a larger impact on the growth of Astragalus Radix morphology of the different growth environment and there are significant differences in the organizational structure.

Keyword Astragalus; traits to identify ;microscopic identification

Introduction

Astragalus as bean secco plant Mongolia Astragalus Astragalusmembranaceus (he) Bge. Var. Monghoicus (Bge) Hisao or membrane pod Astragalus membranaceus Bge (he), the dry root. A. memebranaceus is used in traditional Chinese medicine, especially to give a medical treatment for diabetes.In Western herbal medicine,Astragalus is primarily considered to be a tonic forenhancing metabolism and digestion. It is consumed as a tea or soup made from the (usually dried) roots of plants,also often in combination with other medicinal herbs. In addition, Astragalus is traditionally used to strengthen theimmune system and the healing effect of wounds and injuries. [1]. Modern research analysis, Astragalus membranaceus contain a variety of saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, as well as amino acid, linoleic acid, alkaloids, choline and complex chemical composition [2-3]. Astragalus in protecting blood vessels, and cardiac muscle, liver, lower serum transaminase, immune regulation, blood rheology, regulate blood sugar diabetes, kidney disease, enhance the role of resist free radical attacks. And there is the potential analgesic, sedative and hemostatic function [4-7].Astragalus memebranaceus agriculture in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu and other provinces and regions. As the most abundant wildlife resources the

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Corresponding auther Phone: 0451-82193430

E-mail: maboshi99@yahoo.com.cn

maximum quantity of cultivated varieties at the same time the traditional thought about optimal quality. Test by microscopic observation astragalus root section carries on the comparative morphology research, different regions in the identification of radix astragalus in different, such as classification and genetic relationship research provided the scientific basis.

1.Materials and Methods

1.1 the materials

1.1.1 the research object

Mainly for 2012, collected from Heihe, ammer forestry bureau of wild astragalus root and produced in. Shanxi four different origin of Mongolian astragalus astragalus planting the root of astragalus, heilongjiang academy of agricultural sciences' ten different origin of astragalus membranaceus. By heilongjianguniversity of Chinese medicine professor Wang Zhenyue identified as Astragalus membranaceus Bge (he),or Astragalus membranaceus (he.) Bge. Var. mongholicus(Bge. )Hsiao.

1.1.2 The main instrument

Nikon E - 600 research microscope and microscope image analysis system, Leica automatic dewaterer, Embedding machine, Knife grinder,Rotary microtome, Mounting machine, Drying machine.

1.1.3 Main reagents

Test with ethanol and xylene were analytical reagent, paraffin is 60-62. C efficient cutting flaky wax. Two red, solid green dye by heilongjiang university of Chinese medicine medical psychology lab.

1.2 Method

1.2.1 Identification

Using traditional methods of different origin shape identification of astragalus, shape and color to observe, measure length, diameter size.

1.2.2 Anatomical characteristics analysis

Plant tissue paraffin section method

Materials (diameter is close to the root of the block)-- Water immersion-- a fixed fixed liquid (FAA)-- dehydration,--(gradient alcohol) --- transparent (xylene) -- paraffin buried-- pack of all pieces -- sticky piece of whites (glycerin) -- grilled piece of dewaxing and staining (red and solid green) --- piece of gum (neutral) ---microscopic inspection and take photos.

2. Results and discussion

2.1 Character identification

1-5 wild astragalus skin color is more bright-coloured, and because of the growth period is longer, the phenomenon such as peeling, bug eat by moth. Has the obvious texture, stem base in general have a bit of inflation, growing point more, branch is main related to growing environment. 6-10 cultivated species of skin is dark yellow or yellow-brown, more less bug eat by moth molting phenomenon, etc. Skin is smooth, the texture is relatively shallow.

2.2 Organization characteristics under optical microscope

Root transverse section: choose from stem base in 10 to 15 cm, paraffin section. Slice thickness is 10 um thickness as the best observation and dyeing. According to the fixed - hierarchy dehydration - transparent - sliced paraffin - embedded - - stick piece - grilled piece - dyeing. The basic steps as permanent slices, and photograph.

Sample 1: Cork layer consists of 6-16 layer of cork cells. Cells are tangential extended rectangle, wood wall and bolt. Tangential phelloderm from 5 a 7 layer extended long oval cells. Phloem organized by screen, bast fiber, phloem parenchyma cells and secondary phloem ray. Screen and bast fiber bundle interaction, near cambium cribriform nest of tubes the foreign fiber

bundle is relatively dense, arrangement is neat, forming ring in an intermittent pattern. The band with the foreign fiber bundle concentration areas are far apart.

Sample 1. 400X

Sample 3. 400X

Sample 5. 400X

Sample 2 400X

Sample 4. 400X

Sample 6. 400X

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Sample 7. 400X

Sample 8. 400X

Sample 9. 400X Sample 10. 400X

Fig.2 Diagram of transeverse section.A-N representing 1-10 samples,A1-N1 inner part of cambium A2-N2 outer part of cambium;A3-N3characterizing portion of each sample.

Sample 2: Near the cambium vessel diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner catheter, reticulate thickening wall most. Wood parenchyma was rectangular, elliptic or broadly fusiform. Wood fiber bundle near cambium part is less, gradually to the party is more, secondary wall second sex more, less for single layer, cell is narrow, the outer wall smooth, wavy or toothed.

Sample 3: The transverse section view wooden fiber bundle neatly arranged closely, the discontinuous ring; The distance between the bast fiber bundle bundle nearly, uniform. Wood fiber clamps is small; Tube diameter is bigger, more for the single pipe hole, each ring is 1 or 2 layer catheter; Molecules reticulate vessel wall lines orifice narrow slit shaped.

Sample 4: Wood fiber bundle ring spacing, tube aperture small, mostly after pipe hole, each ring duct layer. Transverse section view of wood fiber bundle order closely, in intermittent ring; The distance between the bast fiber bundle bundle nearly, uniform.

Sample 5: Phloem ray is generally not a long slit; Wood ray cells show short spindle, wood fiber more than dozens of cell gathered into a bundle, evenly distributed in the surrounding wood ray cells.

Sample 6: Transverse view of wood fiber bundle are arranged not neat, not a staccato ring; Bast fiber bundle bundle of the distance between the near and far. Wood ray cells are broadly fusiform. Less fiber cells, distributed in the xylem ray cells on either side.

Sample 7: Near the cambium radial long bast fiber bundles concentration areas; Cut wood ray is broadly fusiform, long near the cambium screen irregular polygon, shrinking by foreign screen nest of tubes.

Sample 8: Cambium to neighbors of bast fiber bundles from small, cambium consists of 8 layer 2 a rectangular thin-walled cells, cambium cells ray parts is bigger, the layer number is less. (see figure H1, H3)

Sample 9: Cambium to neighbor distance of the bast fiber bundle; Phelloderm distribution a little stone cells, the distribution is uniform, and orderliness.

Sample 10: Near the cambium bast fiber bundle populated area radial length is shorter; Wood ray is shorter broadly fusiform, phloem ray transverse section view by a four columns 1 radial extension of nearly a rectangle cells, radial alignment.

3.Conclusions

Radix astragalus of different producing area morphology and microscopic identification, the morphology and optical microscopic observation, determine the astragalus membranaceus the difference between different regions. From morphology, heilongjiang membrane pod producing astragalus root skin color is deeper, hardness, not easy broken, flour that sex is bad, the cellulose content is higher. Shanxi astragalus root skin color is yellow, the hardness is not big, easy to break, colorful, good into powder, cellulose content is low.On domestic in 10 species of genus astragalus astragalus root as the main goods to the original plant roots in the form of histological comparison,

heilongjiang astragalus membranaceus, namely north astragalus membranaceus, wood ray cell, smaller screen and bast fiber bundle interaction, near cambium screen nest of tubes in the foreign fiber bundle is relatively dense, arrangement is neat, form a band in an intermittent, cork seriously. Shanxi astragalus , wood ray is broadly fusiform, long near the cambium screen irregular polygon. Cambium scattered visible outside the stone cell, the main distribution and phloem and cambium. In this paper provide the basis for the root of astragalus class student origin and source identification.

Reference

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Study on the HPLC Fingerprint of Celosia cristata L.

ZHANG Hai-Jing 1, JIN-Lan 1*,CHENG Da-zhong 1**

1.Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China 1*Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China 1**Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China

Abstract: Objective: To establish the method to analyze HPLC fingerprint of Celosia cristata L., provide a reliable method for the science appraisal and active control its quality.Methods: HPLC with Dikma Ci8 chromatobar column ( 250mm*4.6mm,5p,m) , using gradient elution with acetonitrile -0.1% phosphoric acid solution ,volume flow rate 1.0mL/min, under the detection wave length of 257nm, and record time 90 min. Data was analyzed by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine (version 2004A) to compare the similarity of the samples for identifying the main chromatographic peaks furthermore. Results: The chromatographic fingerprint of 10 batches of Celosia cristata L. showed 16 characteristic peaks,with the similarity above 0.9. The qualities of Celosia cristata L. in different batches were in a good similarity. Conclusion: The method can be applied to quality of Celosia cristata L.

Key words: Celosia cristata L.; fingerprint spectrum; HPLC