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7Одноразовые финансовые начисления
• пособие при рождении ребёнка
• одноразовое пособие
• пособие на похороны
• повторные денежные пособия Повторяющиеся финансовые взносы
• Повторные денежные пособия, кто ухаживает за ребёнком, не смотрите на возраст:
• Родительское пособие
• Повторные денежные пособия тем, кто ухаживает за ребёнком (отец, бабушка и т.д.)
• Повторные денежные пособия опекунам ребёнка Особое место в социальной политике занимает политика здравоохранения:
Целью политики является укрепление и развитие здоровья [1, с. 5]. Была разработана Народная программа здоровья, из которой вышел документ с названием» Здоровье для всех в 21 веке».
Медицинское страхование:
1. Государственное страхование - заложено на принципе солидарности, а не на основе прибыльности. Размер страховки определяет закон, а реализует его государственно-юридическая инстанция и осуществляется регистрацией-приглашением к страхованию
2. Индивидуальное страхование- не является обязательным, осуществляется на принципе оплаты, размер страховки определяет договор о страховании, реализуют коммерческие организации в виде заключения договора
Образовательная политика является частью социальной политики.
Образовательная(школьная) система включает:
• Первый этап-дошкольное образование
• Второй этап(ступень)- системы начальных и средних школа средних школ
• Третий этап:- высшие учебные заведения
• Образование в течение всей жизни - цель: дополнение, расширение и углубление образования, возможность переквалификации, заниматься тем, что интересует
Политика быта Словакии является частью социальной политики:
• Жилище- признано, как одно из основных человеческих потребностей, которая должна быть адекватной социально-экономическому развитию общества
• Финансовые инструменты в современной жилищной политики: строительные накопления, ипотечные ссуды, кредиты, государственная поддержка развития жилища (государственный фонд развития и быта) [6, с. 258].
Литература
1. BOCÁKOVÁ, O. 2014. Aktuálne otázky európskej sociálnej politiky. Trencín: TnUAD, 2014. ISBN 978-808075-646-8
2. BOTEK, O. 2009. Sociálna politika pre sociálnych pracovníkov. Piest'any: PN print, 2009. ISBN 978-80970-240-0-20.
3. HETTES, M. 2013. Sociálna súdrznost' a istota v sociálnej práci. Nitra: UKF, 2013. ISBN 978-80-5580256.
4. KREBS, V. 2010. Sociální politika. Praha: ASPI, 2010. ISBN 978-80-7357-585-4.
5. RIEVAJOVÁ, E. a kol.: Sociálne zabezpecenie. Bratislava: Vydavatel'stvo EKONÓM, 2008. ISBN 97880-225-2545-9.
6. STANEK, V. a kol. 2011. Sociálna politika. Bratislava: Sprint, 2011. ISBN 978-80-89393-28-7.
7. TOMES, I. 2010. Úvod do teorie a metodologie sociální politiky. Martinus Portál, 2010. ISBN 978-80-7367-6803
8. VOJTECH, F. 2013. Svetové hospodárstvo v kontexte globalizacnych procesov formovania novej ekonomiky. In Bocáková O. Nové trendy, smerovania a vízie v tret'om tisícrocí. Trencín: TnUAD, 2013. ISBN 978-808075-589-8.
ПРОЦЕСС РАЗВИТИЯ СМИ В АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНЕ: ПРАГМАТИЧНЫЕ МЕРЫ
И РАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ
Рагимзаде Вугар Гянджали
Оглу, доктор философии по политическим наукам, доцент, докторант Нахчыванского отделения,
Национальной Академии Наук Азербайджана
PROCESS OF MEDIA DEVELOPMENT IN AZERBAIJAN: PRAGMATIC MEASURES AND POSITIVE RESULTS
Rahimzade Vugar Ganjali, PhD in political sciences, Associate Professor, PhD candidate, Nakhchivan section, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Резюме
Уровень общественно-политического развития каждой страны напрямую зависит от широты сферы деятельности и независимости печати. А на современном этапе печать не только является показателем демократического развития социума, но и стала важным фактором для защиты стратегических интересов и стабильно-
сти геополитического положения страны. В Азербайджанской Республике, избравшей путь демократического развития и объявившей свободу слова и печати, плюрализм приоритетом, также проявляют особое внимание и заботе о развитии СМИ.
В Азербайджане развитие свободы слова, мысли, информации, в том числе печати, и плюрализма является одной из основных целей строительства правового государства и гражданского общества. Политика государства в области информации и печати направлена на последовательное и полное обеспечение отраженных в Конституции Азербайджанской Республики свободы слова, мысли и информации, права граждан на получение информации.
Ключевые слова: СМИ, печать, свобода слова, демократия, гражданское общество, плюрализм, правовое государство
Summary: Socio-economic development of each country directly depends on the broadness of the activity and independence of the press. At the modern stage, the press is not only an indicator of the development of a society, but is also an important factor in terms of the protection of a country's strategic interests and maintenance of geopolitical stability. The Republic of Azerbaijan, which chose the path of democratic development and declared the freedom of speech and press and pluralism its priorities, also attaches particular importance to the development of the media.
Developing the freedom of speech, expression, information, including media independence, and pluralism is among key priorities of constitutional state and civil society building. The government's information and press policy is aimed at fully ensuring the freedom of speech, expression and information, and citizens's right to information as stipulated in the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Key words: media, press, freedom of speech, democracy, civil society, pluralism, constitutional state.
Ensuring the freedom of speech and press, one of the crucial elements of democracy, developing free press is an unquestionable fact. The reason is that socio-economic development of each country directly depends on the broadness of the activity and independence of the press. At the modern stage, the press is not only an indicator of the development of a society, but is also an important factor in terms of the protection of a country's strategic interests and maintenance of geopolitical stability. [1] The Republic of Azerbaijan, which chose the path of democratic development and declared the freedom of speech and press and pluralism its priorities, also attaches particular importance to the development of the media.
Developing the freedom of speech, thought, information, including media independence, and pluralism is among key priorities of constitutional state and civil society building. The governments information and press policy is aimed at fully ensuring the freedom of speech, expression and information, and citizens s right to information as stipulated in the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan. As stipulated in the Section 1 of the Article 47 of the Constitution, which was adopted through a nationwide referendum in 1995, "Everybody has the right to the freedom of expression and speech". [2] In this context, achievements in the years of independence made a tremendous contribution to the development of democratic institutions in Azerbaijan. Legislative base was improved to international standards to ensure free activity of the media. The Law on the media, which was adopted in 1999 [3], the Law on the right to obtain information, which was passed in 2005, and other laws, as well as decrees on additional measures in the field of ensuring the freedom of speech, expression and information in the Republic of Azerbaijan, and [4] on increasing government support for the development of the mass media paved the way for the comprehensive development of the activities of the media. Azerbaijan is one of the leaders in the CIS in terms of the number of media outlets.
The establishment of the Press Council opened a new chapter in the media in Azerbaijan. [5] Founded on March 15, 2003 at the first congress of journalists, the Press Council
fulfills the function of ensuring the freedom of speech and press, regulating relations between public bodies and the mass media, preserving the quality of the press, its freedom and the right to obtain information, ensuring public supervision of journalists' observation of professional code of conduct, studying the possibilities of pre-trial settlement of media-related conflicts, considering media-related complaints, etc.
At the same time, "The Concept of State Support for the Development of the Mass Media in the Republic of Azerbaijan" approved by President Ilham Aliyevs executive order dated July 31, 2008, laid the foundation of a qualitatively new era in the solution of the problems of the national press. Aimed at developing fruitful cooperation between public bodies and the mass media, increasing the economic independence of the media and improving professional skills of journalists, fostering the role of the press in civil society building, the concept stipulates that the government's state information policy shall define legal, economic, organizational and technological measures with the aim of regulating the interests of the individual, society and government in the activity of the mass media. In accordance with the concept, the State Fund for Support of the Development of the Mass Media under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan was established by the executive order of the President dated April 3, 2009. The goal is to ensure the development of the independent press, strengthen material and technical infrastructure of the press, and improve social conditions of journalists.
The primary goal of the state support for the development of the mass media is to develop - given their important role in civil society building - the freedom of expression, speech and press, support the independence of the mass media, improve mechanisms of assistance to editorial offices, stimulate the application of advanced information and communication technologies in the information sector, strengthen fruitful cooperation between society and the mass media, etc. The main task entrusted to the fund is to ensure the freedom of press and information, execute the provisions related to the development of the
media, and finance the media programs, projects and other events. At the same time, the core goal of the "The Concept of State Support for the Development of the Mass Media in the Republic of Azerbaijan" is to ensure the development of the freedom of expression, speech and press in the process of civil society building, and the independence of the media. [6] The establishment of the State Fund for Support of the Development of the Mass Media under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan increases attention to the ensuring of the independence of press and strengthening of its material and technical base, which is one of the requirements of democracy.
The national legislation on the freedom of press and the right to get information has been improved in compliance with the European Convention. In this sense, the establishment of the public television in Azerbaijan in 2005 should be considered one of the remarkable achievements of the country in the development of the freedom of speech and press and traditions of pluralism. In all democratic societies, the existence of public television and radio is considered a necessary criterion of the democratic development. Public television exists in all European countries, including those that emerged out of the socialist camp. The primary goal of the public broadcasting is objective and unbiased reflection of interests of all layers of society, and enlightenment in various areas. It is known that private television aims to expand commercial activity and gain profit. But public television aims to promote the government's decisions and policy, and cover the activity of public bodies. Society needs such a form of broadcasting which features neutral, liberal programs. [7] Being such a type of the media, public television combines public opinion and thought.
The experience of developed countries shows that public television plays an important role in solving problems concerning society through flexible discussions and debates. Programs broadcast on public television contribute to shaping the opinion of all members of society, paves the way for their social unity, and stimulates integration of all individuals, groups and communities. Public television ensures the broadcast of unbiased and independent information. It tries to ensure understanding and tolerance with regard to ethnic and cultural diversity through highlighting various philosophic ideas and religious beliefs. [8] Public television also contributes to mastering and assessing various national and European cultural values. The launch of a new independent electronic resource on the eve of parliamentary elections contributed to the deepening of political pluralism in the country and expanded the peoples election capabilities. Although the heat of political struggle on the eve of elections usually causes some problems in the media, in Azerbaijan, the mass media outlets do not face any serious challenges or barriers. On the contrary, the full provision of the freedom of speech and press allows to
thoroughly observe the campaign from the very beginning till the end, and highlight all shortcomings and faults.
As a result of reforms carried out in the past few years the situation with the freedom of speech and press in Azerbaijan can be compared with that in advanced democratic countries. All legal conditions have been created in the country for free activity of all print publications and for journalists to freely express their will. Elected the head of state by the will of the people in 2003, President Ilham Aliyev considers the freedom of press and speech a fundamental principle of democracy. The President attaches particular importance to the development of the national press based on the best practices of advanced countries and, at the same time, taking into account our peoples historical and national features. An analysis of the government's ensuring of the independent activity of the press both politically and legally, reveals that the primary goals of the government's information policy include the creation of legal, political, economic, cultural and technological institutions capable of ensuring the media's and Internet s provision of objective information to society, social institutes and public bodies, and realization of educational and enlightening programs.
In Azerbaijan, which is moving forward on the path of constitutional, democratic, secular state building under the leadership of President Ilham Aliyev, a high standard legal base was created for ensuring formation of civil society, free existence of people, and rule of law. The existence of the Western standard mass media in Azerbaijan can be considered a result of this reality.
References
1. Попов В.Д. Информациология и информационная политика.Москва: РАГС, 2001, 118 с.
2. www.president.az/azerbaijan/constitution
3. "Kutlavi informasiya vasitalari haqqinda" AR Qanunu / AR Qanunvericilik toplusu, Baki, 07 dekabr 1999, № 769-IQ
4. Azarbaycan Respublikasininda soz, fikir va malumat azadliginin tamin edilmasi sahasinda alava tadbirlar haqqinda. Azarbaycan Respublikasi Prezidentinin Farmani. Baki §ahari, 6 avqust 1998-ci il, № 744
5. www.presscouncil.az
6. Azarbaycan Respublikasinin Prezidenti yaninda Kutlavi informasiya Vasitalarinin inki§afina Dovlat Dastayi Fondunun yaradilmasi haqqinda Azarbaycan Respublikasi Prezidentinin Farmani. Baki §ahari, 3 aprel 2009-cu il, № 75
7. Энтин В.Л. Средства массовой информации в политической системе современного капитализма. Москва, Наука, 1988, стр.192
8. "Televiziya va radio yayimi haqqinda" AR Qanunu // http:// ict.az/az
