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14ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ АЛКАЛОИДНЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ ПОВЫШЕНИЕ КАЧЕСТВА ЯДОВ И ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ
СВОЙСТВA
Холисбеков Джалолиддин Камолиддин угли Тойчиев Мухаммадали Муминжонугли Андижанский институт сельского хозяйства и агротехнологии
В статье представлена интересная информация о распространении и региональных условиях произрастания ладана, его внутренней и внешней структуре, богатой алкалоидами, его полезных свойствах, его значении в природе и жизни человека, его роли в народной медицине и промышленности. данные приведены.
Ключевые слова: Perganum harmala, алкалоиды, гармалин, гармин, гармалол, пеганиновые алкалоиды.
ALKALOIDLARGA BOY BO'LGAN DORIVOR O'SIMLIK ISIRIQNING HAM ZAHARLI, HAM SHIFOBAXSHLIK XUSUSIYATLARINING AMALIYOTDAGI FOYDALANISH
KO'RSATKICHLARI
Maqolada isiriq o'simligi yer yuzida tarqalishi va mintaqaviy o'sish sharoiti, alkaloidlarga boy bo'lgan ichki va tashqi tuzulishi, o'ziga xos foydali xususiyatlari, tabiatda va inson hayotidagi ahamiyati, xalq tabobatida va sanoatdagi o'rni haqida qiziqarli ma'lumotlar keltirilgan.
Kalit so'zlar: Perganum xarmala, alkaloidlar, garmalin, garmin, garmalol, peganin alkaloidlari.
INDICATIONS FOR THE PRACTICAL USE OF BOTH TOXIC AND MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF MEDICINAL PLANT INCENSE RICH IN ALKALOIDS
The article provides interesting information about the spread of the incense plant on earth and the conditions of regional growth, its internal and external structure, rich in alkaloids, its specific useful properties, its importance in nature and human life, its role in folk medicine and industry.
Keywords: Perganum harmala, alkaloids, gammalin, Garmin, garmalol, peganone alkaloids.
DOI: 10.24411/2181-0761/2020-10086
Interestingly, one plant can be both poisonous and curative, of course. In the composition of such plants, there are various alkaloids, which are considered dangerous for the life of people, but at the same time, the same plant itself brings benefits for the health of a person. That is, it kills various microorganisms that cause the disease. One of such plants is an incense. The incense is sometimes also called by names such as harmala, zarmal, isvant, adrasmon. But, the original name of incense is Hazoraspband (Persian -able to catch a thousand horses).
The incense is considered one of the healing plants, which from the distant past has become a favorite of the medicine of the peoples of Central Asia and the East. Therefore, several legends have arisen among the people, which ask for its essence. For some reason,
they raised this miraculous bruise on the breasts. The question arises as to what kind of plant it is, where it grows, and what is the secret in it.
Incense (scientific name Peganum kharmala) belongs to the family of bites. A perennial herb with a height of 25-60 (30-70) cm, an unpleasant smell, and a bitter taste. The stem is several, many hairy, the stem grows spreading around. The flowers are white-yellowish small, settled on the stem one by one. The fruit is a spherical breast, multi-seeded. The leaves are shaved. It blooms in late March and blooms all summer from May. In August and September, the seeds ripen, the leaves begin to turn yellow and dry. 6 types are known, only Type 1 grows in Uzbekistan.
The incense occurs in areas with sandy, saline, and rocky soils in the lower reaches of the steppe, mountains, along the roadside, around the wells, in unused lying Meadows, sometimes forming non-slip bites. It is also among the crops as yacht grass.
The incense grows in the land of Southern Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan, the people's republic of Mongolia, India, and China. The bite is extremely common in the republics of Central Asia. In all regions of Uzbekistan, as well as in Karakalpakstan, there are a lot of three.
It grows in the Steppe valleys, near the places where people live, in Abandoned Places, in the case of large jungles, sometimes in the Shurkhok soils of Kasan, Mubarek, Nishan, Mirishkar, district of Kashkadarya region.
A handful of cotton or woolen cloth soaked in the milk juice of the incense for 10 days is said to relieve much pain in patients with pruritus, according to the encyclopedic scholar Abu Raikhon Beruni's "Kitab as-saydana fit-Tibb"( Pharmacognosy in medicine). Incense has been a trusted medicine of Eastern and Central Asian medicine for centuries. In this regard, Abu Ali ibn Sina, in the second volume of his book, The Laws of Medicine, said that it is better to apply incense to the sore spot when the joints are sore and the nerves are inflamed. He points out that if the seeds are crushed and drunk in a mixture of honey, muesli, chicken or spruce herb, and a syrup derived from the fennel plant, the eye with reduced visual acuity can be cured.
The incense is widely used in the East, especially in Afghanistan. Scientific sources
note that aphids use warmed bite leaves for the treatment of a paralyzed patient. They also use boiled water with sesame seeds in the treatment of respiratory diseases (asthma) and tonsils, and boiled water with the addition of pepper in the treatment of syphilis. Boiled the stem and leaves, heal nervously, seizures, runny nose, and malaria diseases. With this water, where the gums are infected, the mouth is rinsed. In India, the bite is used as a vomiting agent and as a narcotic. Kazakhstan, the rump of porridge and peasants with juice, which is prepared from the bite, is treated. In the Caucasus, the disease of eye irritation, which is now started with a liquid from the green body and leaves of the incensory, is treated. In folk medicine, a decoction from the upper part of the earth of incense used in the treatment of tonsils, malaria, seizures, flatulence, colds, and other diseases. Such
a decoction also benefits scabies, itching, and other skin diseases. The decoction made from the seeds of the bite is used in combination with the decoction of flax seeds for shortness of breath, difficulty breathing.
In folk medicine in Uzbekistan, Bode and various skin diseases were treated with the juice of the bite. Excellent qualities in the soot also attracted the attention of chemists engaged in plant substances. Finally, as a result of many years of chemical research, it was found that the composition of incensory contains alkaloids called harmaline, Garmin. It is noted that in the plant root there are alkaloids up to 3,3%, in the stem up to 3,57%, in the Leaf up to 4,96%, and in the seed up to 6,60%, from the sum of which such substances as harmaline, Garmin, are distinguished. Reviews have shown that a very low dose of Garmin alkaloids has the property of revitalizing the central nervous system. In general, Garmin reduces blood pressure and accelerates breathing, shortens the intestinal muscles, kills vomiting in the intestine. Salt Garmin is used in clinics in the treatment of various nervous (nerve) diseases, especially Parkinson's, leg, and arm disorders.
Therefore, the alkaloid Garmin extracted from incense and alcohol tincture made from the root of the plant is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, encephalitis, inflammatory complications of the brain - tremors, as well as a hypnotic. can be obtained. This oil can be obtained in a variety of ways, such as the jujube method, under high mechanical pressure, or by chemical methods (extraction). Incense oil can be used to open barriers in the brain, strengthen the joints, and disperse the winds in the joints. Incense oil can also be consumed as food. When the knees and bones ache, they crush the surface of the incense and bind it to the sore spot. Incense is also used as a strong urine drive.
As the healing properties of incense, we can mention the following: it expels intestinal toxins, analyzes condensed substances, gives sexual energy to people with cold clients, fattens the body, facilitates urine, sweat, milk, and menstrual flow. Incense is also valued as a dyeing plant. Its seeds are used to dye national hats in Turkey, and in our country to dye wool and silk and cotton fabrics, and in confectionery to dye juice. Besides, it is thought that incense can be used to determine the surface and freshness of
The incense contains water, fiber, protein, fat, nitrogen-free extractives, and ash. However, it still contains large amounts of toxic alkaloids. Livestock is poisoned if they consume incense or hay mixed with it. Since incense is poisonous cocaine, it is necessary to fully follow the doctor's recommendations when using it. It is harmful to people with hot clients to consume incense as it gives them headaches and irritates their hearts.
Incense-derived alkaloids have disinfectant properties and are used to clean places like barns and houses from harmful ants. If the incense is smeared and sprinkled on the corners of the room and the floor, various insects will not enter this room. When you burn incense, the air in your room is cleansed and microbial infections are killed. It is well known to these indigenous peoples that the smoke of incense kills various greedy insects and their worms. Long-term observations show that smoking incense, especially during the flu season, gives positive results.
As can be seen from the above, there is no secret in the bite. The whole point is that it has the property of disinfectant of smoke, which decomposes when it is rich in alkaloids and burns it. Thanks to independence, to harmonize our folk medicine with the current medicine, in the interests of our people, the following proposals should be implemented. Let's protect the existing heaters in our republic and use them efficiently. Let the bite take a worthy place in the pharmacy (pharmacy) and our stores. Referring to the healing properties in the soot, it is recommended to incense it from time to time in houses, public buildings. Let this wonderful greenery of nature serve as a link to people's health!
References
1.M.Nabiyev, T.Odilov, U.Pratov, G.Shermatov. Interesting Botany. Uzbekistan. Tashkent-1975.189-192 pages.
2. M.Firmatov. Incense is a medicinal herb. Post to post.N: 13 (4451/4369). Uzbekistan. Toshkent-2020.21pages
3. Abu Ali ibn Sina. Laws of Medicine. (three-volume selection) Abdullah Kadiri. Tashkent-1992.2-vol
4. A.Sattorov. There is pain, there is medicine. (Book 1) Sparks of Literature. Tashkent-2016. Pp. 114-117
