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35Builders of The Future SJIF-2022-5.752
BUILDERS OF THE FUTURE
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https://kelajakbunyodkori.uz/
PILGRIMAGE TOURISM IN UZBEKISTAN: RELATIONS WITH INTERNATIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS
M. Akhmedova
Associate Professor Bukhara State University Bukhara, Uzbekistan
ABOUT ARTICLE
Key words: international cooperation, strategy, tourism industry, ecotourism, pilgrimage tourism, cultural heritage sites, new jobs.
Received: 02.06.22 Accepted: 04.06.22 Published: 06.06.22
Abstract: The article discusses the stages of development of pilgrimage tourism in Uzbekistan, the creation of new tourist routes, the effectiveness of work in this area, the role and importance of tourism in the development of the world economy. It also analyzes the international tourism organizations and their goals and objectives, as well as bilateral cooperation with our country, which contribute to the development of tourism in the world.
УЗБЕКИСТОНДА ЗИЁРАТ ТУРИЗМИ: ХАЛЦАРО ТАШКИЛОТЛАР БИЛАН
АЛОЦАЛАР
М. А^медова
Доцент
Бухоро давлат университети Бухоро, Узбекистон
МАЦОЛА ^АЦИДА
Калит сузлар: халкаро хдмкорлик, стратегия, туризм саноати, экотуризм, зиёрат туризми, маданий мерос объектлари, янги иш уринлари
Аннотация: Маколада Узбекистонда зиёрат туризмининг ривожланиш боскичлари, янги турмаршрутларни яратиш, бу борада халкаро хдмкорликда олиб борилаётган ишлар самарадорлиги, туризмнинг дунё иктисодиётини ривожлантиришдаги урни ва ахдмияти хдкида суз боради. Шунингдек, дунёда туризм сохдсини ривожлантиришга уз х,иссалари кушиб келаётган халкаро туристик ташкилотлар ва уларнинг максад ва вазифалари хдмда мамлакатимиз билан икки томонлама хдмкорлик алокалари тах,лилга тортилган._
ПАЛОМНИЧЕСКИЙ ТУРИЗМ В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ: ОТНОШЕНИЯ С МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯМИ
М. Ахмедова
Доцент
Бухарский государственный университет Бухара, Узбекистан
_О СТАТЬЕ_
Ключевые слова: международное Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются сотрудничество, стратегия, индустрия этапы развития паломнического туризма в туризма, экотуризм, паломнический Узбекистане, создание новых туристических туризм, объекты культурного наследия, маршрутов, эффективность работы в этой новые рабочие места. сфере, роль и значение туризма в развитии
мировой экономики. Также анализируются международные туристические организации и их цели и задачи, а также двустороннее сотрудничество с нашей страной, которые _способствуют развитию туризма в мире._
INTRODUCTION
Taking into account the worldwide crisis and new competitive conditions in the business, the Uzbek Ministry of Tourism and Cultural Heritage is formulating a strategy specifically for the development of tourism in Uzbekistan until 2030. Uzbekistan's future tourism development will necessitate a non-traditional approach to luring visitors. The government's policy will also be tied to the United Nations' sustainable development goals, ensuring that the industry continues to progress for years to come.
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
One of the main goals of the "New development strategy of Uzbekistan for 2022-2026" is to increase the number of local tourists from 12 million and the number of foreign tourists visiting the country to 9 million under the "Travel to Uzbekistan" program.
- Widespread introduction of barrier-free tourism infrastructure in major tourist cities of the country. Doubling the number of people employed in tourism to 520,000 by 2026.
- Adopt a state program for the development of tourism infrastructure and cultural heritage sites and the effective use of more than 8,000 cultural heritage sites.
- Construction of additional tourist and recreation areas in the Zaamin, Forish, Bakhmal districts and the Aidar-Arnasay lake system, implementation of projects worth $300 million, creation of 25,000 jobs.
- Increase the volume of tourism services by at least 10 times over the next five years, turning Samarkand into a "tourist gateway". 40,000 tourism jobs. Creation in 2022 of the Samarkand tourism center and the necessary infrastructure, including the historical complex "Eternal City".
- Implement a special program for the development of ecotourism in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and the Aral Sea region. At the same time, take full advantage of the new airport in Moinak.
- Adopt a special program to make tourism a key factor in creating new jobs in the Khorezm region.
- Implement a special program for the accelerated development of tourism in the Bukhara region.
- Effective use of the potential of pilgrimage and ecotourism in the Navoi region.
- Further improvement of the tourism infrastructure in Tashkent.
Extensive work is being carried out in our country to develop the tourism industry. A number of Presidential decrees and resolutions, decisions of the Cabinet of Ministers have been adopted to develop the tourism sector. The Law on Tourism recognizes that the development of the tourism sector is guaranteed by the state.
The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Tourism" defines the development of international cooperation as one of the main directions of state policy in the field of tourism. The law also states that one of the powers of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of tourism is the implementation of international cooperation in the field of tourism and the conclusion of intergovernmental agreements. Article 39 of the law is entitled "International cooperation in the field of tourism", which provides for international cooperation in the field of tourism on the basis of generally recognized principles and norms of international law, as well as international treaties and legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, develops international cooperation and represents the interests of the Republic of Uzbekistan in international tourism organizations, and also establishes links with tourism and other organizations in other countries. The Ministry of Tourism and Cultural Heritage of the Republic of Uzbekistan is entrusted with the task of developing international cooperation and representing the interests of the Republic of Uzbekistan in international tourism organizations, as well as establishing relations with tourism and other organizations of other countries.International, regional and national organizations make a huge contribution to the development of tourism. International tourism organizations represent the state interests of the countries of the world and promote the development of world tourism.
Individual countries, regions, regions create their own regional tourism organizations to develop and promote tourism in their regions. These organizations carry out statistical research and collection of various tourism information that allows to analyze the tourism industry in the region. And, finally, national tourism organizations are created to promote the development of tourism as an important sector of the economy.
As the practice of international relations shows, international tourism at all stages of its development has been a factor contributing to the improvement of mutual understanding between states and peoples, a stimulus for the development of foreign economic, trade and cultural relations. That is why tourism has always been a fertile ground for international cooperation.
However, without the cooperation of countries in the field of tourism, it would not have been able to develop so successfully. If a country shows inattention to the needs and desires of foreign tourists, then it is unlikely that their trips to this country will become massive. It would be even worse if unfriendly relations between individual countries were transferred to foreign tourists in the form of any discriminatory measures, etc. Therefore, most countries, being interested in developing their tourism ties, show considerable attention to the establishment and development of a broad cooperation in this area.
Over the years of evolution of mass international tourism, various and quite effective forms of cooperation between countries in this area have been developed and are widely used. The main goals of such cooperation are:
- the use of tourist ties to strengthen mutual understanding and trust between countries;
- the use of tourism for the development of mutually beneficial economic and trade relations;
- expansion of ties and contacts through scientific, technical and cultural organizations and individuals;
- creation of the most favorable conditions for tourist exchange between interested countries, organization of cooperation through the exchange of tourist information, development of common standards and technologies for servicing tourists, simplification of tourist formalities, etc.
International cooperation in the field of tourism is based on international regulation, which is a system of measures and a set of measures aimed at the effective management of any type of international activity (maintaining stability or changing it, streamlining it) in accordance with certain international principles, norms, standards.
International regulation of tourism activities involves the development and implementation of an international system of measures and a set of international events in order to support the sustainable development of tourism, streamline tourism activities, effectively manage individual sectors of the tourism industry, ensure their coordinated interaction, and standardize tourism services.
Speaking about international cooperation in the field of tourism, we should first of all mention the United Nations, which, almost from the first days of its creation, has been paying attention to tourism as one of the most important forms of international cooperation.
The most important role in the development of international tourism was played by such UN documents as:
1) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948. In Article 24 which proclaims that everyone has the right to rest and free time, including a reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay;
2) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, adopted in 1966. Article 7 of which it is determined that states undertake to ensure to every person the right to rest, leisure, reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay;
3) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, adopted in 1966, Art. 12 which says that every person is free to leave any country, including his own.
Let us consider the main international non-governmental tourism organizations of both universal and specialized (industry) nature. The universal ones include international organizations that pay attention to all the main issues of the development of international tourism. International tourism organizations of a sectoral nature include organizations that unite their members for one or another business or public interest.
The World Federation of Associations of Travel Agencies (FUAAV) is an international tourism organization that unites national tourism associations and organizations as full members, and travel agencies, hotels, transport companies, and educational institutions as associate members. The organization was created in 1966 as a result of the merger of the International Association of Travel Agencies (FIAV), which existed since 1919, and the World Organization of Travel Agencies Associations (UOTAA), formed in 1964. FUAAV unites 80 national associations and organizations and about 1400 individual members representing more than 80 countries of the world. These include the American Society of Travel Agents, the Association of British Travel Agents, the Association of German Travel Agencies, the Union of Nordic Travel Associations, Thomas Cook and Son, and others.
International Federation of Tour Operators (IFTO). It includes associations of tour operators and individual tour operator firms from different countries. She also, dealing with general issues of the development of international tourism, pays special attention to protecting the interests of the tour operator business.
World Association of Travel Agencies (WATA). It was founded in 1949, is an international association of travel agencies and has 185 member organizations in 160 cities in 82 countries. It includes travel agencies of different countries according to the established norm of representation. The main purpose of the association is the cooperation of highly professional travel agencies of the world, the purpose of which is to form a single market image and establish uniform standards for the quality of tourist services, stimulate the activities of travel agencies, protect their interests before tour operators and transport companies.
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) was established by the Chicago Convention in 1944, operates under the auspices of the UN, since 2003 - a specialized agency of the UN. The main objective of ICAO is to develop a safe, specialized and cost-effective international air transport market in accordance with international standards and norms.
The organization has the following goals:
- to ensure the safety and control of the development of international civil aviation throughout the world;
- support and encourage the development and use of air transport in an environmentally friendly manner;
- support and encourage the creation of air corridors, airports and the necessary conditions for the development of international civil aviation;
- meet the requirements of passengers for air transport at a high level: safety, quality of service, regularity of flights, economy;
- to encourage economic measures to prevent unjustified rivalry between airlines of different countries;
- avoid discrimination between ICAO member countries;
- to promote flight safety;
- to promote the development of international civil aviation.
About 200 states are members of ICAO.
CONCLUSION
In short, the main tasks of these international organizations are the development of tourism in the world, ensuring tourism security in the regions, establishing interstate cooperation, enhancing the international status of tourism companies, organizing tourism exhibitions and other entertainment events, festivals, international forums.
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