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63Builders of The Future SJIF-2022-5.752
BUILDERS OF THE FUTURE
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TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN: LEGAL BASIS
Sh. Usmonova
Lecturer
Uzbek State University of World Languages Tashkent, Uzbekistan
ABOUT ARTICLE
Key words: brand of pilgrimage tourism, scientific heritage, quality service, tourism infrastructure, magnificent monuments, manuscripts, tourism potential, concept.
Received: 02.06.22 Accepted: 04.06.22 Published: 06.06.22
Abstract: Tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the world economy. Its comprehensive development is becoming a major source of income for many countries. Therefore, many countries around the world are taking all measures to further develop this sector, to create the appropriate infrastructure at the level of world standards and to increase the flow of tourists. Uzbekistan also pays great attention to the development of the industry.
This article provides detailed information on the process of reforms aimed at developing the tourism industry in the country and the legal framework adopted in this regard. The article also analyzes the stages of development of pilgrimage tourism.
O'ZBEKISTONDA TURIZMNI RIVOJLANTIRISH: HUQUQIY ASOSLAR
Sh. Usmonova
O'qituvchi
O'zbekiston davlat jahon tillari universiteti Toshkent, O'zbekiston
_MAQOLA HAQIDA_
Kalit so'zlar: konsepsiya, turizm Annotatsiya: Turizm jahon
salohiyati, turizm infratuzilmasi, ziyorat iqtisodiyotining eng tez rivojlanayotgan turizmi brendi, ilmiy meros, sifatli xizmat, tarmoqlaridan biridir. Uning kompleks muhtasham obidalar, qo'lyozmalar. rivojlanishi ko'plab mamlakatlar uchun asosiy
daromad manbaiga aylanib bormoqda. Shu bois dunyoning ko'plab davlatlari ushbu sohani yanada rivojlantirish, jahon andozalari darajasida tegishli infratuzilmani yaratish, sayyohlar oqimini _ko'paytirish bo'yicha barcha chora-tadbirlarni
amalga oshirmoqda. O'zbekistonda ham sohani rivojlantirishga katta e'tibor qaratilmoqda.
Mazkur maqolada mamlakatimizda turizm industriyasini rivojlantirishga qaratilgan islohotlar jarayoni va bu borada qabul qilingan qonunchilik bazasi haqida batafsil ma'lumot berilgan. Maqolada ziyorat turizmining _rivojlanish bosqichlari ham tahlil qilingan._
РАЗВИТИЕ ТУРИЗМА В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ: ПРАВОВАЯ ОСНОВА
Ш. Усмонова
преподавател ь
Узбекский государственный университет мировых языков Ташкент, Узбекистан
_О СТАТЬЕ_
Ключевые слова: концепция, Аннотация: Туризм является одним из
туристический потенциал, инфраструктура самых быстрорастущих секторов мировой туризма, бренд паломнического туризма, экономики. Его комплексное развитие научное наследие, качественный сервис, становится основным источником дохода для великолепные памятники, рукописи. многих стран. Поэтому многие страны мира
принимают все меры для дальнейшего развития этого сектора, создания соответствующей инфраструктуры на уровне мировых стандартов и увеличения потока туристов. Узбекистан также уделяет большое внимание развитию отрасли.
В данной статье представлена подробная информация о процессе реформ, направленных на развитие туристической отрасли в стране и принятой в связи с этим законодательной базе. Также в статье анализируются этапы развития _паломнического туризма._
INTRODUCTION
Tourism is currently used all over the world for recreation, health improvement, nature study, sports, pilgrimage and other purposes. Every year, millions of people attend the tourism activities involved. Tourism has become an important industry in many countries. Anyone will be the purpose of a tourist trip, will be related for whatever reason. There are many types and directions of tourist travel in the world. The experience of foreign countries, the implementation of programs for the development of various types of tourism, transport, communications, such as trade, construction, agriculture, the production of consumer goods, has a stimulating effect on the state, the state budget and other levels to solve the problem of replenishing the revenue side of the budget.
THE MAIN RESULTS AND FINDINGS
The tourism industry in Uzbekistan is developing rapidly. Uzbekistan has a huge tourism potential. The Republic is one of the tourist centers not only in Central Asia, but throughout the world.
Uzbekistan has unique historical and architectural ensembles of different periods of history. The ancient modern architecture of cities is combined with national architectural monuments of past centuries. It has its own harmony, unique for Uzbekistan.
In recent years, special attention has been paid to tourism in our country. Accelerated development of tourism in our country, more complete and effective use of the existing huge tourism potential, traditional cultural and historical tourism along with other potential types of tourism -pilgrimage tourism, ecological, educational, ethnographic, gastronomic, sports, health, rural, industrial, business tourism and other types.
Recognized as a new direction in the field of tourism, pilgrimage tourism plays an important role in strengthening intercultural exchange and tolerance. The issues of creating a single brand of pilgrimage tourism in Uzbekistan, the problems of pilgrimage tourism and possible solutions, the study and research of current problems and experiences of the regions in the development of pilgrimage tourism is one of the urgent tasks facing scientists today.
In order to train highly qualified specialists in the field of domestic and pilgrimage tourism, there are currently 2 research institutes, 4 colleges, 6 technical schools in Uzbekistan and the Silk Road International University of Tourism and Cultural Heritage in Samarkand under the Ministry of Tourism and Cultural Heritage. is operating. International events aimed at the formation of scientifically based information about shrines, scientists, their scientific heritage, as well as a comprehensive study of the potential of pilgrimage tourism, the systematization of information are being held in our country. Today, there are 784 Islamic shrines in Uzbekistan, 19 Christian shrines and 8 Buddhist cultural heritage sites in the region. A number of cultural events are held in the framework of the promotion of Jewish and Buddhist shrines, the creation of films in foreign languages about Uzbek scholars, the Imam al-Bukhari International Contest of Hadith, the contest "Islamic Calligraphy".
In order to create all-round convenience for tourists, the hospitable Uzbek people pay special attention to the further development of the tourism industry in our country, the improvement of the hotel network and the further improvement of the quality of service.
It is no secret that tourism plays a key role in the world economy. Many countries are ensuring the well-being of their people through this sector. Some countries are attracting tourists with their historical sites, beautiful nature, ancient monuments, while others are opening the door to the world in completely different directions, especially with trade and services.
In Uzbekistan, special attention is paid to the development of pilgrimage tourism. In particular, the practice of introducing halal standards in restaurants and cafes in the country has begun. Prayer rooms for tourists have been provided at international airports and railway stations, as well as flights between Tashkent and Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) to expand pilgrimage tourism through Uzbekistan Airways.
Uzbekistan, with its rich cultural and historical heritage, has great potential for the development of halal tourism and access to the Islamic tourism market. It is home to Imam Al-Bukhari, Bahauddin Naqshbandi and many other famous scholars in the Islamic world. Today, the preservation of magnificent monuments of ancient architecture and manuscripts in the country will increase the country's tourism potential and attract more tourists from Muslim countries.
Uzbekistan is taking comprehensive measures to diversify the national economy, accelerate the development of the regions, and develop tourism, which is one of the strategic sectors that will increase the country's investment attractiveness. In addition, the Concept for the Development of Tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2019-2025 provides for the implementation of the following tasks:
- improving the regulatory framework in the field of tourism, the introduction of international norms and standards aimed at creating favorable conditions for tourism development;
- development of tourism infrastructure and creation of an acceptable and favorable tourism environment;
- development of transport logistics, expansion of internal and external routes, improving the quality of transport services;
- diversification of tourism products and services aimed at different segments of the tourism market;
- development of domestic tourism, which will stimulate the activity of tourism entities aimed at meeting the demand for tourism services in the country;
- promotion of tourism products of the Republic of Uzbekistan in international and domestic tourism markets, strengthening the image of the country as a safe place for travel and leisure;
- improving the system of training, retraining and advanced training for the tourism industry.
Today, along with ancient monuments, shrines, historical and cultural monuments, the tourism
industry and infrastructure of Uzbekistan, which attracts tourists with its unique culture and traditions, picturesque nature and corners, is developing. This can be seen in the fact that in a study conducted by the World Tourism and Tourism Council (WTTC) on the economic results of the tourism industry, Uzbekistan was listed as one of the five fastest growing countries in the tourism industry.
According to the targets for the development of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2025, to increase the number of foreign tourists visiting Uzbekistan to 9,089.3 thousand in 2025
(6,750,000 in 2019), the volume of exports of tourist services in 2019 from $ 1313 million to $ 2,232.8 million in 2025.
There are many architectural monuments of Islamic culture in Uzbekistan. This has always been of interest to tourists in Muslim countries. Following the recognition of Uzbekistan as one of the world's centers of pilgrimage tourism, it is possible to develop the country's tourism infrastructure and significantly increase the flow of tourists.
Based on the above, the following conclusions can be drawn.
First of all, Uzbekistan has a great opportunity to pay special attention to the rapidly developing tourism industry. Given that one in three new jobs will be created by the tourism sector in the next decade, tourism could make a significant contribution to reducing unemployment by creating additional jobs in Uzbekistan. This, in turn, is a source of high income for the population. In particular, the development of short-term travel, urban tourism, gastronomic tourism and pilgrimage tourism is the basis of Uzbek tourism.
Secondly, Uzbekistan is geographically convenient for world tourism. Central Asia, a crossroads of the Great Silk Road, is today the center of Europe, the Middle East and Southeast Asia, where tourism is developed. This factor makes it possible for tourists to make short-term transit trips. It is necessary to attract foreign airlines to increase the efficiency of the fleet of our national airline, as well as to further expand the geography of regular and charter flights. In particular, it is possible to attract a large number of tourists by connecting Uzbekistan's international corridors with Europe, Southeast Asia and the Middle East.
Third, Uzbekistan is a country rich in historical and cultural monuments. Of the more than 7,200 cultural monuments, about 200 are included in the UNESCO list. This makes Uzbek tourism especially attractive. It is necessary to increase the efficiency of cultural heritage sites, museums, theaters, art galleries through the creation of an effective system of providing information to tourists, the introduction of smart tourism technologies, the installation of turnstiles and video surveillance systems. Of course, the construction of modern cities along with the historic city will expand the range of tourists.
Fourth, Uzbekistan has a high position in the Islamic world with its history. The desire of Muslim tourists to visit the shrines of Imam Bukhari, al-Termizi, Moturudi is high.
In this regard, Uzbekistan is also paying special attention to the development of tourism, increasing its role in the economy, and a number of reforms are being carried out. In particular, deepening structural changes in the "Action Strategy for the five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021", approved by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February 7, 2017, to increase its competitiveness through modernization and diversification of key sectors. It is planned to accelerate the development of industry, increase its role
and share in the economy, diversify and improve the quality of tourist services, expand tourism infrastructure, and significant work has been done in this regard over the past period.
It should be noted that tourism, as a strategic sector of the economy, plays an important role in ensuring the development of the country. Therefore, the introduction of international norms and standards aimed at creating favorable conditions for tourism development, development of tourism infrastructure, creation of favorable tourism environment, development of transport logistics, expansion of domestic and foreign routes, improving the quality of transport services, tourism products and services The Concept of Tourism Development in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 20192025 was adopted on January 5, 2019 in order to diversify, promote tourism products of the Republic of Uzbekistan in international and domestic tourism markets, strengthen the image of the country as safe for travel and leisure and train personnel for the tourism industry. On July 18, 2019 the law "On Tourism" was adopted in a new edition.
Due to the presence of Buddhist monuments in Uzbekistan, the number of visitors from many countries in the Asian region is growing. This, in turn, requires the creation of tours of Buddhist monuments, the provision of convenient services to visiting tourists.
Buddhism in Uzbekistan is the fourth largest religion in the country, after Islam, Christianity and Judaism. It is practiced by 0.2% of the population. One Buddhist denomination is officially registered in Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan hosts the only functioning Buddhist temple in Central Asia.
Some of the first monuments of Buddhism were found in Uzbekistan, which are now included in the UNESCO heritage list. In total, there are about 20 Buddhist monuments in the country, most of which are located near Termez in Kara-tepe, Fayaz-tepe and Dalverzin-tepe. Near Termez is the Zurmala stupa, the first Buddhist building discovered in Central Asia, a cult Buddhist building of the Kushan era.
CONCLUSION
One of them is the Fayaz-tepa temple complex, where, in fact, the history of the Buddhist temple in Uzbekistan began. Excavations here were carried out by an Uzbek-Japanese expedition led by academician Edward Rtveladze in the early 2000s.
Today, Buddhists visit not only Asian countries but also Europe and other parts of the world. All modern conditions are being created for them. This, in turn, serves to increase the number of tourists.
REFERENCES
1. The law "On Tourism" of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
2. The Concept of Tourism Development in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2019-2025.
3. "Action Strategy for the five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021".
4. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On measures for the further development of the sphere of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan
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