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5xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjumani
2022 yil 30 noyabr | scientists.uz
UDC: 636.
ORGANIZATION OF THE SELECTION AND SORTING OF THE RED-MOTLEY HOLSTEIN AND ANGLER BREEDS IMPROVEMENT BREEDS IRANSFERRED TO THE BREEDING STATE ENTERPRISE OF UZBEKISTAN IN THE SYSTEM OF ARTIFICIAL IN SEMINATION OF HERDS IN THE RED BREED MILK DIRECTION
Mamatkulov O.E.
applicant, Director of state enterprise" Uznaslchilik", Dosmukhamedova M.Kh. professor
dmuhayyoxon@mail.ru Tashkent State Agrarian University https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7358355
Abstract. During the years of independence, the pedigree livestock base was dispersed, low-productive red dairy cattle are bred in the southern regions of our republic, as well as in farmsteads of desert regions of other regions. For this reason, Thoroughbred and productive bulls of red-motley Holstein and Angler breeds were imported from Germany to the state enterprise "Uznaslchilik" for mating them with red strain dairy direction cattle. This article discusses the results of the experiment and provides some suggestions regarding to the topic.
Keywords: cattle, red-motley, productive bulls, milk, dairy direction, farms.
Pedigree cattle-breeding base in the years of independence was disseminated, in privatization of red stock, thoroughbred cattle was scattered, low productive red cattle of dairy direction is bred in the Southern regions of our republic, in Navoi, Kashkadarya, Bukhara, Khorezm and in Karakalpakistan Republic and also in farmsteads of desert areas of other regions. In developed countries practice red strain stock of dairy direction improved and gives 7000-8000 kg of milk, while milk yield of red strain cattle in our republic is lower for 2-4 times. That's why wide employment of bulls-improvers of red-motley Holstein and Angler breeds semen in improving of red strain dairy direction stock in Southern regions of our republic is considered as an actual. Milk yield of new generation, obtained in pedigree farms, will be equal to 5-6 thousand kilograms and in commodity farms it will be 3.0-3.5 thousand kilograms.
Object and methods of the research. Thoroughbred and productive bulls of red-motley Holstein and Angler breeds were imported from Germany to the state enterprise "Uznaslchilik" for mating them with red strain dairy direction cattle. These bulls' semen was taken and sent to the picked farms of regions and districts on the selection plan. Research works on estimation of bulls' genotype, their individual characteristics and sperm productivity were held.
Exploration in the selection works was conducted by the methods of picking selection and crossing. Such modern methods as the use of father ancestors' indexes of productivity and pedigree as well as maternal ancestors' index of productivity were employed in bulls' selection [2; 3].
The research results. Bulls-improvers of red-motley Holstein and Angler breeds with the purpose of red strain dairy direction stock's improvement were imported from Germany and their productive qualities were defined. In the first place they were selected on genotype of fathers - improvers and on quality indexes.
Leader bulls of improvers group surpassed bulls of improvers group on productive and pedigree characteristics of fathers' generation. On this index they were attached to herds with thoroughbred and commodity cattle. This method of picking will give selection effect.
xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjumani
2022 yil 30 noyabr | scientists.uz
Milk yield of fathers' generation of bulls-improvers of red-motley Holstein breed is higher for 1372.4 kg, milk butter for 62.6 kg and milk protein for 49.4 kg. It means that they were estimated on male's off-spring quality and transferred to the leader bulls-improvers category. Fathers' generation of leader bulls-improvers belonging to Angler strain excelled their peers on milk yield for 658.5 kg, milk butter for 31.2 kg, milk protein for 30.2 kg.
High degree inheritance of this fathers prepotent qualities to off-spring has great significance in the selection work. At present, in the developed countries mainly pays attention to this method of bulls' selection and their usage in an artificial insemination. In an ordered selection this method is widely used in herds' intensive improvement.
Index of fathers' quality also was inherited to the generation in a high degree. For example, in the off-spring of red-motley Holstein breed bulls index of productivity was increased for 137.0%, pedigree index for 144.2%, exterior index for 125.6% and breeding index for 116%. These indexes in posterity of Angler breed bulls were equal to 123.8%; 122.8%; 131.0% and 104.0% respectively. These quality indexes in bulls' genotype of bulls-improvers group were also distinguished by high level [3; 4; 5].
Usage of bulls-improvers and leader bulls-improvers of red-motley Holstein breed in crossing with red steppe breed of Angler genotype cows, employment of Angler strain bulls for red races is considered as goal-oriented and also corresponds to selection plans. Intensive improvement of thoroughbred and commodity economic stock is achieved.
Bull Ustamo DE 22573532 from leader bulls-improvers group of red-motley Holstein strain originated from bull Apol P system, in father generations, in comparison with their peers, milk yield was higher for 2136 kg, milk butter for 67 kg and milk protein for 63 kg. "Usamo" bull, belonging to 'Firmon" system, father's genotype possesses by high indexes (milk yield + 1878 kg, milk butter 75 kg and milk protein 46 kg).
We studied and made analyses of productive index of bulls' maternal ancestors, derived into groups of improvers and leader improvers on paternal ancestors' genotype. It was known from picking methods used in selection works that for mating always selected fertile cows. That is a group of cows giving bull-calves were formed and only highly fertile cows were selected there. As a result, from ordered selection new pedigree offspring was obtained.
In the 1st group of Angler strain bulls these indexes made 10362.8 kg; 471.0 kg; 357.9 kg and in the 2nd group they were equal to 10085.2 kg; 459.2 kg and 357 kg. In these groups leader bulls surpassed a little.
It was seen from adduced data that indexes of milk productivity of maternal ancestors of imported bulls considerably exceeded standard strain and belonged to the category of fertile cows, that is cows giving calves.
Conclusion: 1. Employment of bulls-improvers of red-motley Holstein and Angler strains in picking and planned selection, in fully artificial insemination of red-motley breed of dairy direction cows.
2. Estimation and selection of bulls-improvers of red-motley Holstein and Angler breeds on paternal ancestors' genotype and also on maternal ancestors' index of productivity.
REFERENCES
1. The decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of October 9, 2017 "On measures of legal profit and rights defense of farmers, owners of households and plots, radical improvement of efficient usage of agricultural fields system" PD №5199.
xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjumani
2022 yil 30 noyabr | scientists.uz
2. Nosirov U.N., et. al. Classic and up-to-date selection methods in cattle-breeding.
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4. Hering D.M. ate. Gonome wide association study for semen volume and total number of sperm in Holistein-Fueslon bulls. // Anim Reproduction Science. 2004. Voe 151. Is 34. P. 126-130.
5. HocupoB Y.H., Ba 6omK;. Y36eKHCTOHga K;opaMO.nHH.nHKHH pHBO^naHTHpum OMHraapu. SML-ASIA. 2011. 195 6.
6. Dosmukhamedova M.KH., and others. Selection of imported black-motley bulls -improvers of holstein breed and their efficient usage in improvement of black-motley strain herds / EPRA International Journal of Research Development (IJRD) Monthly Peer Reviewed & Indexed International Online Journal. Volume: 4, Issue:5, May 2019. P.97-99.
7. Mamatkulov O.E., Dosmukhamedova M.Kh. Selection of red motley holstein bulls by genotype and their extensive use in breeding / EPRAInternational Journal of Published By :EPRA Publishing CC License Multidisciplinary Research SJIF Impact Factor :7.032 ISI IF. Value : 1.188 DOI : 10.36713/epra2013 Indexed By: ISSN (Online) : 2455 - 3662 Monthly Peer Reviewed & Indexed International Online Journal Volume: 6 Issue: 5 May 2020.
8. Nasirov T. Usmanov O. RSA Genetic in Uzbekistan. Die genetische Effirienz von RSA - Vchwarsbunton Kiihcn in Uzbekistan. RSA Magazin Rindersucht Verbond sacheen-anhart OG. Sammer, 2008, p. 34-35.
