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Karimova N. O. lecturer
Center for Life Safety Training of the Department of Emergency Situations of the Jizzakh region
ORGANIZATION OF HUMAN PROTECTION IN THE EVENT OF A
FIRE
Annotation: in this article, you can familiarize yourself with the methods of practical protection against possible fire disasters in buildings and the study of their requirements for new innovative Fire Protection Systems, taking into account drastic changes in the design of story buildings, analysis of problems, methods that need to be applied in a modern fire safety system on possible problems, and recommendations for
Keywords: Fire Protection, Safety re-equipment of the system, fire safety.
It is known that today, on the territory of our Republic, along with developed countries, multi-storey skyscrapers are growing in the number of building objects with a variety of complex designs and structural parts. This in turn creates the need for buildings to take the safety system to a level that meets the requirements of The Times and to use innovative method technologies in the fire safety system. It is the issues of fire suppression in high - rise buildings that require the complexity of rescue work, comprehensive knowledge of the processes and features of the development of fires in high-rise buildings from employees of rapid fire departments, high professional skills, physical training and psychological training.
The calculation of the consumption of Fire Protection Forces and tools, water and other fire fighting substances necessary for the effective execution of fire fighting and rescue work is also an issue if current information technologies are not yet effectively introduced into the activities of fire protection bodies, the level of automation of the management of rapid fire and rescue units remains very low, The purpose of the study: consists in conducting a structural analysis of the problem of automating the processes of fire suppression and rescue work in multistorey buildings and developing functional, mathematical and simulation models in the corresponding system shell of new data. By its nature, multi-storey buildings cause unusual fire safety problems. For designers, builders, operators and owners of these structures, it is necessary to solve a number of fundamental problems in order to ensure a reasonable level of safety from fire and its effects. The structure of the building must be resistant to the effects of fire for a long time.
The fire and its consequences spread vertically, affecting a large number of building residents. Active fire systems can be disconnected from utilities and must be self-sufficient. It is very difficult to completely evacuate the building. Only on-site protection strategies with selective evacuation are required from the fire zone.
Passengers who need to be evacuated must be away from the ground and rely on vertical escape vehicles. Fire suppression operations occur internally and often away from underground sources.
Recommendations for the introduction of modern technologies for fire safety in high-rise buildings make the following special requirements for high-rise buildings. Structural fire resistance and passive protection measures, automatic sprinkler systems, stand pipes (wet lifts) voice communications from passengers and the fire department, unlock the stairs to allow people being evacuated to re-enter the building below the fire. Most of these regulations are included in high-rise buildings around the world.
Modern high-rise buildings must meet the requirements of a fire safety Ridge: active and passive fire protection features to control fire growth and reduce the impact of fire on the structure and its building population. Active systems include automatic sprinkler protection for fire control subjugation in a small area and smoke control systems for smoke movement control to safely evacuate passengers. Passive elements include a fire-resistant structure and fire barriers to prevent the vertical spread of fire. All active and passive systems must be maintained throughout the life of the building in order to function properly as needed.
Exit tools that facilitate the evacuation of passengers in the event of a fire. Residents of the building must be protected from the effects of the fire in the building when evacuated from the area of the fire. Fire-resistant closed and mechanical pressure stairs protect passengers from the effects of fire and smoke during evacuation. Fire detection, alarms, and communications systems alert building staff to a fire and must provide guidance for the evacuation of passengers. Fire suppression support systems employ operations that take place primarily from within a building, often far from fire-fighting service facilities and ground handling. Fire support systems include vehicle access, firefighter lifts (lifts), fire control command center, fire tube (wet lift) systems, and fireman communications. In addition, construction response plans and procedures must be closely coordinated with the first responders. Operations carried out during a fire-high-floor fire safety strategies rely heavily on active fire systems and complex evacuation sequences. Therefore, the operational aspects of high-rise buildings are important. To ensure their reliability in emergency situations, active fire systems must be monitored, maintained and tested continuously.
Another important operational aspect is emergency planning and training. This starts with an Emergency Management Plan, which shows all foreseeable emergency scenarios and the responses of construction personnel to these emergencies. The emergency management plan must define all threats, whether natural disasters, terrorism and security or systemic emergencies. They should include pre-planned response procedures for each event, and they should include staff training and exercises. Future directions in multi-storey fire safety will be more important than all requirements for future multi-storey fire safety design and
operation, a number of Fire Control, Smoke control, evacuation and fire suppression increasingly complex active fire systems, building fire resistance and strength gain, ensuring that buildings are standing, reliability of important building characteristics.
Based on this article, the brief consisted in a systematic analysis of the problem of automating the processes of fire fighting and rescue work in buildings and the development of functional,mathematical and simulation models in the corresponding system shell of new information, and recommendations were considered to achieve the development of a scientific and methodological apparatus based on new information technologies to improve the effectiveness of fire In the study presented in the article: a structural analysis of the problem of fire suppression control and automation of rescue work in high-rise buildings was carried out. On the basis of the Simulink modeling system, the development of mathematical models of the processes of organizing firefighting in multi-storey buildings and managing the conduct of rescue work was studied.
References:
1.Yung, D. And Beck, R. (1995) Building Fire Safety Risk Analysis. SFPE Handbook of
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3.Malygin I.G. Murakkab yong'in-texnik tizimlarni ishlab chiqishda qaror qabul qilish usullari. Monografiya. Sankt-Peterburg: Rossiyaning SPbU GPS EMERCOM, 2007.
