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УДК 542.934:612.42:612.428:612.67
Быстрова В.И.
Студент 5 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Веременко А.С.
Студент 4 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Левченко И.Д.
Студент 4 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Чечеткина С.А.
Студент 5 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Николайчук К.М.
Студент 5 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ
Бекенева К.А.
Студент 5 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ
Научный руководитель: Горчаков В.Н.,
д.м.н, проф., НГУ, НИИКЭЛ - филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН
г. Новосибирск, РФ
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ТРАХЕОБРОНХИАЛЬНОГО ЛИМФАТИЧЕСКОГО РЕГИОНА ПУТЕМ ФИТОСТИМУЛЯЦИИ В СТАРЧЕСКИЙ ПЕРИОД
Аннотация
С возрастом происходят преобразования всех органов и их систем, не исключением является и лимфатическая система. Возраст индуцированные преобразования обуславливают снижение эффективности функционала лимфоузлов на позднем этапе онтогенеза. В работе изучена способность фитосредства на основе биофлавоноидов корректировать морфофункциональные характеристики лимфоузлов, принадлежащих трахеобронхиального региона с учетом параметров гидратации. Исследование показало наличие морфо-модифицирующего эффекта на лимфоузлы при применении фотосредства. Данный эффект заключается в избирательном действии биофлавоноидов на функциональные компартменты лимфоузла, что позволяет оптимизировать гидратационные характеристики трахеобронхиального лимфоузла, претерпевшего старческие изменения. Фитотерапия позволяет повысить работоспособность лимфатических узлов, что позволяет использовать фитосредство в оздоровительных программах антистарения.
Ключевые слова
Лимфатический регион, лимфоузлы, гидратация, фитотерапия, биофлавоноиды.
Bystrova V.I., 5th-year student of NSU Novosibirsk, Russia Veremenko A.S., 4th-year student of NSU Novosibirsk, Russia Levchenko I.D., 4th-year student of NSU Novosibirsk, Russia Chechetkina S.A., 5th-year student of NSU Novosibirsk, Russia Nikolaychuk K.M., 5th-year student of NSU
Novosibirsk, Russia Bekeneva K.A., 5th-year student of NSU Novosibirsk, Russia Scientific supervisor: Gorchakov V.N., MD, Prof., NSU, RICEL - Branch of IC&G SB RAS
Novosibirsk, Russia
OPTIMIZATION OF THE TRACHEOBRONCHIAL LYMPHATIC REGION BY PHYTOSTIMULATION
IN THE SENILE PERIOD
Annotation
With age, transformations of all organs and their systems occur, the lymphatic system is no exception. Age-induced transformations cause a decrease in the efficiency of the functional of lymph nodes at a late stage of ontogenesis. The paper studies the ability of bioflavonoid-based herbal remedies to correct morphofunctional characteristics of lymph nodes belonging to the tracheobronchial region taking into account hydration parameters. The study showed the presence of a morpho-modifying effect on lymph nodes when using a photo device. This effect consists in the selective action of bioflavonoids on the functional compartments of the lymph node, which makes it possible to optimize the hydration characteristics of the tracheobronchial lymph node that has undergone senile changes. Phytotherapy allows you to increase the efficiency of the lymph nodes, which allows you to use the herbal remedy in anti-aging wellness programs.
Keywords
Lymphatic region, lymph nodes, hydration, phytotherapy, bioflavonoids.
Introduction
Tracheobronchial lymph nodes are lymph nodes with a compact morphotype that predominantly perform an immune function in their lymphatic region, which is determined by the corresponding structural and cellular organization of lymphoid tissue [1, 2] in comparison with hydration parameters. With aging, the functional activity of the organs and systems of the body decreases, which determines the need to search for means that enhance their performance and especially lymph nodes that provide protection at different levels of the lymphatic region. A number of methods that have a lymphotropic and lymphostimulating effect on the lymph nodes are under development [3, 4, 5]. Phytotherapy deserves attention. The main active bioactive substance of plants are bioflavonoids, which have a multifunctional effect [6]. In this regard, it seems important to evaluate the effectiveness of the original phytocomposition in correcting the morphofunctional parameters of the lymph node in order to slow down aging.
The ability to correct morphofunctional parameters can slow down premature aging of the organs of the lymphatic system [7, 8]. All this makes it urgent to search for means with a lymphotropic effect that can correct the morphofunctional characteristics of an aging lymph node by changing the structure and degree of hydration.
Thus, the main purpose of the work was to study the ability of the original herbal remedy to adjust the morpho-functional parameters of the lymph nodes of the tracheobronchial lymphatic region, taking into account the parameters of hydration at the late stages of ontogenesis. Materials and methods
The experiment was conducted on 50 white male Wistar rats. Conventionally, the animals were divided into two age groups, while the age was chosen by determining the ratio of the life expectancy of rats and humans using a coefficient of 1.7 [9]. In a group of young animals, the age of 3-4 months correlates with the adolescent period of a person (16-20 years). In a group of old animals, the age of 1.5-2 years correlates with the elderly (6575 years). Tracheobronchial lymph nodes were selected as the object of the study. The rats received a standard diet based on PC-120-1 compound feed with free access to water. At the same time, 25 rats for a month and at a dose of 0.1-0.2 g / kg received a herbal remedy, including crushed medicinal plants (tea kopechnik, badan, rhodiol pink, blueberry, lingonberry, black currant, rosehip, etc.) and a compound of dietary fiber [10]. The following methods were used to carry out the work:
Histological method is a method necessary for the study of the cell profile of lymph node compartments. The method is based on the use of light microscopy. Samples of tracheobronchial lymph nodes are first fixed in 10% neutral formalin, after which a classical wiring scheme is carried out and the material is poured into paraffin, and histological sections are eventually prepared. The samples are stained with hematoxylin and eosin, azura and eosin, toluidine blue, trichromic dye according to C. Masson. The histological sections obtained are subjected to morphometric analysis, which is performed using a morphometric grid installed on a section of the lymph node. During the analysis, the specific area of lymph node compartments is determined. Additionally, cells were counted in the lymph node compartments on a standard area of 2025 microns 2 with a microscope magnification of 900 times.
The thermogravimetric method is a method used to study the hydration characteristics of the tracheobronchial lymph node. The thermogravimetric method allows to study the total hydration of the lymph node and water fractions. This method was carried out taking into account the recommendations of N.F. Farashchuk. The lymph nodes are first dried at a constant temperature with the fixation of mass changes using analytical scales. Based on the known volume of the organ and the area of its structures, the volume of fluid falling on a certain compartment of the lymph node was calculated in accordance with the Cavalieri-Aker-Glagolev principle.
Statistical processing of the obtained data is carried out using Excel and StatPlus Pro, AnalystSoft Inc.
The experiment on animals was conducted in accordance with the principles of bioethics, the rules of laboratory practice set out at the Geneva Conference (1971), and in the documents "On approval of the rules of laboratory practice", "On humane treatment of experimental animals" (USSR Ministry of Health No. 775 of 12.08.1977), "International recommendations for conducting biomedical research with using animals" (1985), guidelines for laboratory animals [11] and in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 267 of 06/19/2003. Withdrawal from experience and painful manipulations on animals were performed under general ether anesthesia. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Scientific Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology" (Protocol No. 126 of 11/30/2016).
Results and discussions
With age, dehydration and involution of lymphoid tissue associated with changes in the cellular profile of lymph node compartments is observed in tracheobronchial lymph nodes [8, 12].
Age-induced dehydration is manifested by a decrease in total water by 8.2% and a decrease in the proportion of free water fraction. Such a change in the water balance reflects the hydration coefficient, which rises by 2 times. Additionally, the decrease in the water component is due to a decrease in the area of the lymphatic sinuses. In turn, a reduction in the area of the lymphatic sinuses and an increase in the proportion of cortical matter (while the physical area is also reduced) leads to additional compoctation of the tracheobronchial
lymph node, which is reflected in an increase in the K/M index. The connective tissue capsule of tracheobronchial lymph nodes increases almost 3 times. The described structural changes are accompanied by a restructuring of the cellular profile. There is a decrease in the numerical density of lymphocyte blasts in all structural and functional zones against the background of an increase in reticular cells and the appearance of cells with signs of destruction.
The use of phytocomposition allows to increase the amount of total water, thereby contributing to an increase in the hydration of the tracheobronchial lymph node. Against the background of increased hydration, there is an increase in the volume of intercellular fluid by 2.8 times, which positively affects the functions of immunocompetent cells. This redistribution of water fractions makes it possible to achieve a hydration coefficient comparable to young animals. Against the background of a phytostimulated decrease in the hydration coefficient, an increase in the density of the tracheobronchial lymph node is noted.
Phytotherapy allows you to preserve the compact morphotype of the tracheobronchial lymph node, which is reflected in the value of the K/M index equal to 2.3900.08 (without correction - 2.8600.08). The use of phytotherapy contributes to an increase in the area of lymphoid nodules with a germinative center (2.1 times), the sinus system (1.5 times) against the background of a decrease in the interstitial part of the cortex. The reactive response of lymphoid nodules is associated with increased cell proliferation, which increases the immune response of the humoral type.
Morphometric research has shown that the use of phytomedicine leads to a change in the cellular profile in the structural and functional zones of the tracheobronchial lymph node. So in lymphoid nodules there is an increase in lymphoblasts by 1.4 times, medium lymphocytes by 1.3 times, small lymphocytes by 1.4 times. At the same time, the numerical density of macrophages in lymphoid nodules in old animals that received phytospore had no statistically significant differences in comparison with the lymphoid nodules of old animals in the absence of phytostimulation. In the paracortical region, after taking phytocomposite, there is a decrease in the number of reticular cells by 1.8 times and macrophages by 1.4 times, while the numerical density of the remaining cells is within the values that occur in old animals without phytocorrection. Brain cords in the conditions of phytostimulation are characterized by an increase in the number of plasmocytes by 1.7 times, small lymphocytes by 1.2 times and a decrease in the number of macrophages by 1.4 times, eosinophilic granulocytes by 1.8 times. In the subcapular and cerebral lymphatic sinuses, against the background of BAF stimulation, an increase in the numerical density of macrophages is noted. Conclusions
Age-induced changes in the tracheobronchial lymph node are manifested by dehydration, involution of lymphoid tissue with a decrease in structural and functional zones and proliferation of lymphoid cells. The drainage and immune functions of the tracheobronchial lymph node decrease with aging.
The reception of the original phytocomposition has a positive effect on the structure and function of the tracheobronchial lymph node. Phytotherapy helps to increase the overall hydration and the proportion of free water fraction, increases the dimension of compartments, especially lymphoid nodules and sinus system, increases cell proliferation in the structure of the tracheobronchial lymph node. All this is important for ensuring the drainage and immune function of the lymph node at the stage of late ontogenesis, when it has undergone age-related changes. List of literature:
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© Быстрова В.И., Веременко А.С., Левченко И.Д., Чечеткина С.А., Николайчук К.М., Бекенева К.А., 2023
УДК 542.934:612.42:612.428:612.67
Николайчук К.М., студент 5 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Быстрова В.И., студент 5 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Бекенева К.А., студент 5 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Веременко А.С., студент 4 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Левченко И.Д., студент 4 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Кузнецова В.А., студент 5 курса НГУ, г. Новосибирск, РФ Научный руководитель: Горчаков В.Н., д.м.н, проф., НГУ, НИИКЭЛ - филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН
г. Новосибирск, РФ
ЦИТОМОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ В КОРРЕЛЯЦИИ С ГИДРАТАЦИОННЫМИ ПАРАМЕТРАМИ ТРАХЕОБРОНХИАЛЬНЫХ ЛИМФОУЗЛОВ НА РАЗНЫХ ЭТАПАХ ОНТОГЕНЕЗА
Аннотация
Старение сопровождается преобразованием организма, обуславливающим реорганизацию
