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13New lichen records from Abkhazian Experimental Research Forest Station (Abkhazia)
L. V. Gagarina
Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Professora Popova Str., 2, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia; [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract. The list of species comprises 25 species reported for the first time for Abkhazian Experimental Research Forest Station. Eleven species are new to Abkhazia — Byssoloma leucoblepharum (Nyl.) Vain., Chrysothrix candelaris (L.) J. R. Laundon, Cladonia macilenta Hoffm., C. parasitica (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Hypotra-chyna bahiana (Nyl.) Hale, H. pseudosinuosa (Asahina) Hale, Lecanora argentata (Ach.) Malme, L. chlarothera Nyl., Lecidea albohyalina (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria polycarpa (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. and Usnea cornuta Körb. Substrates, collecting sites and herbaria are recorded for each species.
Keywords: Abkhazia, lichens, Abkhazian Experimental Research Forest Station.
Новые лихенологические находки из Абхазской экспериментальной научно-исследовательской лесной опытной станции (Абхазия)
Л. В. Гагарина
Ботанический институт им. В. Л. Комарова РАН, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 2,
Cанкг-Петербург, 197376, Россия; [email protected], [email protected]
Резюме. Аннотированный список включает 25 новых для Абхазской экспериментальной научно-исследовательской лесной опытной станции видов лишайников. Одиннадцать видов приводятся как новые для Абхазии. К ним относятся Byssoloma leucoblepharum (Nyl.) Vain., Chrysothrix candelaris (L.) J. R. Laundon, Cladonia macilenta Hoffm., C. parasitica (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Hypotrachyna bahiana (Nyl.) Hale, H. pseudosinuosa (Asahina) Hale, Lecanora argentata (Ach.) Malme, L. chlarothera Nyl., Lecidea albohyalina (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria polycarpa (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. и Usnea cornuta Körb. Для каждого вида приведены субстраты, местонахождения и места хранения гербарных материалов.
Ключевые слова: Абхазия, лишайники, Абхазская экспериментальная научно-исследовательская лесная опытная станция.
Abkhazian Experimental Research Forest Station (AERFS) is located in the town of Ochamchyra in the Republic of Abkhazia (Fig.). AERFS was founded in 1957 by B. Mlokosevich. More than 500 unique monocultures were first grown there in Abkhazia. At present, its collection of higher plants consists of more than 900 species and varieties, which belong to 249 genera (Mlokosevich et al., 2000). Climate of the AERFS territory is subtropical, warm and humid.
Main Caucasian Ridge
Fig. Location of the Abkhazian Experimental Research Forest
Station in Abkhazia.
Расположение Абхазской экспериментальной научно-иссле-
7 довательской лесной опытной
/
станции в Абхазии.
The lichen flora of AERFS was not investigated by lichenologists earlier. The aim of the paper is to present a list of lichen species new for AERFS and Abkhazia. All the materials were collected by the author during a field trip in summer 2012. Lichens were collected from the bark of trunks and branches of different introduced tree species. On the other substrates lichens were not found. The collected material of lichens was studied with Zeiss microscopes (Stemi 2000CS, Axio Scope A1). Specimens of Chrysothrix, Hypotrachyna, Lepraria and Usnea were analyzed by using standard technique of high-performance thin-layer chromatography in solvent systems A, B and C (Orange, 2001). Collections of Graphidaceae species await further investigations and are excluded from the present paper. The specimens are deposited in the herbaria of Komarov Botanical Institute (LE), Botanical Museum of the University of Helsinki (H), University of Tartu (TU), Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University (UPS) and University of Turku (TUR). An asterisk (*) preceding the name indicates that the species is an addition to the known lichen flora of Abkhazia. Nomenclature of lichen species is based on Nordin et al. (2011).
The collecting sites are numbered from 1 to 5 in the species list: 1 — 42°44'43.5" N, 41°26'46.0" E, 14 m a. s. l., 22.08.2012, 23.08.2012, 24.08.2012; 2 — 42°45'04.0" N, 41°26'45.8" E, 41 m a. s. l., 22.08.2012; 3 — 42°45'05.2" N, 41°26'39.2" E, 35 m a. s. l., 22.08.2012; 4 — 42°45'01.2" N, 41°26'27.2" E, 12 m a. s. l., 22.08.2012; 5 — 42°45'10.0" N, 41°26'58.5" E, 10 m a. s. l., 23.08.2012.
Anisomeridium polypori (Ellis et Everh.) M. E. Barr — 1: bark of Phellodendron amurense Rupr., 24.08.2012 (TU).
Arthonia spadicea Leight. — 1: bark of Juglans sieboldiana Maxim., Pinus pinea L., Sapindus drummondii Hook. et Arn. (H, TU, UPS); 3: bark of P. pinea (H);
4: bark of Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L. fil.) D. Don (LE L-11649); 5: bark of Quercus iberica Stev., Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don (LE L-11646, UPS).
*Byssoloma leucoblepharum (Nyl.) Vain. — 2: bark of Abies alba Mill. (H). The species was erroneously published by A. A. Elenkin (1904) from Abkhazia (Gagra). All specimens of «B. leucoblepharum» in LE belong to B. subdiscordans (Nyl.) P. James.
B. subdiscordans has smooth, white to pale grey thallus in small irregular patches at least in peripheral part and black apothecia sometimes with a blue tinge. B. leucoblepharum has continuous grey to grey-green thallus and greyish brown (not black) apothecia.
Specimens examined: Byssoloma subdiscordans: Abkhazia, Gagra, 1903, leg. Yachevskiy, det. Elenkin as Pilocarpon leucoblepharum (Nyl.) Vain. (LE L-11651, LE L-11652, LE L-11653); Elenkin, Lichenes Florae Rossiae II, 1904, № 196 — as P. leucoblepharum (LE L-11650).
* Chrysothrix candelaris (L.) J. R. Laundon — 1: bark of Cryptomeria japonica (TU), Pinus caribaea (TU), P. pinea (H, TU); 2: bark of Chamaecyparis pisifera (Siebold et Zucc.) Siebold et Zucc. (LE L-11643); 3: bark of Quercus lyrata Walt. (H); 4: bark of Cryptomeria japonica (UPS). Lichen substances detected by HPTLC: pinastric acid.
Cladonia coniocraea Spreng. — 4: bark of Cryptomeria japonica (H, LE L-11637).
*C. macilenta Hoffm. — 2: bark of Chamaecyparis pisifera (H).
*C. parasitica (Hoffm.) Hoffm. — 4: bark of Cryptomeria japonica (H).
Coenogonium pineti (Schrad. ex Ach.) Lücking et Lumbsch — 1: bark of Pinus caribaea (LE L-11632), P. pinea (H); 3: bark of P. pinea (H); 4: bark of Cryptomeria japonica (LE L-11648, LE L-11649), Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. (TU).
Collema subflaccidum Degel. — 1: bark of Phellodendron amurense (H).
Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. — 1: bark of Acer palmatum Thunb. (LE L-11620); 3: bark of Quercus acutissima Carruth., Q. lyrata (LE L-11619, TU); 4: bark of Cryptomeria japonica (H).
Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale — 1: bark of Ginkgo biloba L. (TU), Magnolia grandiflora L. (LE L-11629), Pterocarya pterocarpa (Michx.) Kunth ex I. Iljinsk. (H, LE L-11630), Sapindus drummondii (H, LE, TU); 2: bark of Chamaecyparis pisifera, Liriodendron tulipifera (H), Quercus castaneifolia
C. A. Mey. (H, TU); 3: bark of Acer trautvetteri Medw. (H, TU), Alnus incana (L.) Moench (LE L-11628), Carya laciniosa (LE L-11623, LE L-11631), Lagerstroemia indica L. (TU), Metasequoia glyptostroboides H. H. Hu et Cheng (TU), Quercus acutissima (LE L-11627), Q. lyrata (UPS); 4: bark of Cryptomeria japonica (H); 5: bark of Liquidambar styraciflua L. (TU), M. glyptostroboides (TU), Pinus caribaea (UPS). The species is notably widespread in Abkhazia and AERFS.
*Hypotrachyna bahiana (Nyl.) Hale — 1: bark of Ulmus japonica (Rehder) Sarg. (H). Lichen substances detected by HPTLC: atranorin, stictic acid, 2 unknown terpenoids. We have not found protocetraric acid mentioned by Hale (1975). Chemical reactions: cortex K+ yellow, P-; medulla K-, P+ orange red, C-.
*H pseudosinuosa (Asahina) Hale — 1: bark of Ulmus japonica (H). Lichen substances detected by HPTLC: atranorin, stictic acid, constictic acid, 3 unknown terpenoids. We have not found protocetraric acid mentioned by Hale (1975). Chemical reactions: cortex K+ yellow, P-; medulla K-, P+ orange red, C-.
*Lecanora argentata (Ach.) Malme — 5: bark of Quercus iberica (LE L-11617).
*L. chlarothera Nyl. — 1: bark of Ginkgo biloba (H, LE L-11638, LE L-11639); 2: bark of Fagus orientalis Lipsky, Liriodendron tulipifera (H, TU); 3: bark of Acer trautvetteri (TU), Alnus incana (LE L-11640), Carya laciniosa (LE L-11623, L-11641), Castanea sativa Mill. (TU), Pasania edulis (Makino) Nakai (H), Quercus acutissima (TU), Q. lyrata (LE, TU, UPS); 5: bark of Q. iberica (LE L-11642). The species is notably widespread in AERFS.
*Lecidea albohyalina (Nyl.) Th. Fr. — 4: bark of Sequoia sempervirens (H).
Lecidella elaeochroma (Ach.) M. Choisy — 3: bark of Acer trautvetteri, Quercus lyrata (H, TU).
Parmelia sulcata Taylor — 1: bark of Sapindus drummondii (H); 3: bark of Quercus lyrata (LE L-11636).
Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.) M. Choisy — 1: bark of Ginkgo biloba (LE L-11614, L-11638, L-11639); 3: bark of Acer trautvetteri (LE L-11615), Liriodendron tulipifera (TU), Metasequoia glyptostroboides (TU), Quercus acutissima (LE), Q. lyrata (UPS); 4: bark of Alnus incana (TU).
Pertusaria coccodes (Ach.) Nyl. — 2: bark of Fagus orientalis (H).
P. pustulata (Ach.) Duby — 3: bark of Carya laciniosa, Quercus lyrata (LE L-11616, UPS); 4: bark of Alnus incana (TU); 5: bark of Quercus castaneifolia (H).
Punctelia subrudecta (Nyl.) Krog — 1: bark of Acer buergerianum Miq. (LE L-11644); 3: bark of Metasequoia glyptostroboides (TU).
Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach. — 1: bark of Ginkgo biloba (LE L-11638, L-11639, TU, UPS); 3: bark of Carya laciniosa, Metasequoia glyptostroboides (LE L-11618, TU); 4: bark of Alnus incana (LE L-11613).
*Xanthoria polycarpa (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. — 3: bark of Acer trautvetteri (TU).
*Usnea cornuta Körb. — 3: bark of Acer trautvetteri (TU). Lichen substances detected by HPTLC: usnic acid (cortex); stictic, norstictic, cryptostictic and salazinic acids (medulla). Although the colour of the central axis is white usually, it can be orangish in some parts of the thallus when salazinic acid is present.
Twenty-five species are new to AERFS. Eleven species are new to Abkhazia. Most of the species presented above are typical and widespread in Caucasian forests (see, e. g.: Barkhalov, 1983; Nakhutsrishvili, 1986; Otte, 2007). Totally 31 species were identified by the author from the territory of AERFS. Six of them were published earlier — Anisomeridium biforme (Borrer) R. C. Harris, Leptorhaphis atomaria (Ach.) Szatala and Phaeophyscia ciliata (Hoffm.) Moberg (Gagarina, 2012); Bacidina aenea S. Ekman (Gerasimova, Gagarina, 2013); Lepraria lobificans Nyl. and L. rigidula (de Lesd.) T0nsberg (Gagarina, 2014). The poor lichen flora dominated by widespread species is probably a result of the lack of native trees in this area. In addition, the most trees are young with the age less than 100 years. It is interesting to note that almost all lichen species were partly damaged by insects and snails.
Acknowledgements. I would like to thank Dr. V. Leiba (the head of AERFS) for his help in identification of species of higher plants and Dr. Z. Adzynba (Botanical Institute, Suchum, Abkhazia) for the map of Abkhazia which was used in this paper. Two unknown reviewers are thanked for some corrections and proposals to improve the manuscript. The study was financially supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants 12-04-31095, 14-04-01411).
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