CC BY
36
58 • "PROTIST—2016
Periodontal disease is one of the most important health concerns for companion animals. Previous studies have demonstrated that at least half of all dogs will have some form of the disease within their lifetime which, without early intervention, can lead to painful periodontal ligament destruction, alveolar bone loss, and eventual loss of teeth. The recent focus of research into canine periodontitis has been the identification and characterisation of the bacterial communities present. However, other microorganisms are known to inhabit the oral cavity and could also influence the disease process. Our recent research has identified two oral protists that can inhabit the canine oral periodontium. Trichomonas sp. and Entamoeba gingivalis were detected using PCR and next generation sequencing and had an overall prevalence of56.52 % (52/92) and 4.34 % (4/92) respectively in UK dogs. Both were statistically associated to animals with periodontal disease indicating their potential involvement in the periodontal disease process. Further work has led to the development of a quantitative PCR assay to measure protist abundance. The qPCR assay has been utilised on plaque samples, collected over a 60 week period from individual teeth of miniature schnauzer dogs (n =52), to investigate longitudinal changes in abundance of both Trichomonas sp. and E. gingivalis as dogs progress from mild gingivitis to early stage periodontitis (<25 % attachment loss). These findings provide the first conclusive evidence for the presence of canine oral protozoa in dog plaque and suggest a possible role for protozoa in the periodontal disease process.
NAKED AMOEBAE OF UKRAINIAN POLIS-SYAFAUNA Patsyuk M.K.
Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University [email protected]
At present, the naked amoebae of the Kyiv, Zhytomyr and Volyn Polissya fauna are represented by 47 species, which belong to 5 classes, 11 orders, 15 families and 20 species.
According to our research the most distributed in the Ukrainian Polissya waters are: Saccamoeba stagnicola Page, 1974, Korotnevella stella Schaeffer, 1926, Vexillifera sp., Vannella (cf) lata Page, 1988, Cochliopodium sp.(1), Mayorella cantabrigiensis Page, 1983, Thecamoeba striata Penard, 1890, Vahlkampfia sp.(1), Vahlkampfia sp.(2). The such species as Amoeba proteus Leidy, 1878, Polychaos sp., Saccamoeba wakulla Bovee, 1972, Rhizamoeba sp. (2), Cochliopodium sp. (2), Pellita digitata (Greef, 1866) Smirnov et Kudryavtsev, 2004, Mayorella
penardi Page, 1972, Thecamoeba sphaeronucleolus Greef, 1891, Penardia mutabilis Cash, 1904 (have been registered by us in the Volyn Polissya waters), Willaertia sp. and Acanthamoeba sp. (have been registered by us in the Zhytomyr Polissya waters) are less distributed. Among the above listed species 3, which belong to genera Vahlkampfia Chatton et Lalung-Bonnaire, 1912 and Acanthamoeba Vol-konsky, 1931 are parasitic. The 14 naked amoebae morphotypes are registered in the different water-bodies: polytactic, monotactic, flamellian, lens-like, striate, rugose, lingulate, lanceolate, fan-shaped, in the different waters mayorellian, dactylopodial, acanthopodial, branched and eruptive. The amoebae with polytactic and acanthopodial morphotypes might be mentioned as the least distributed.
EFFECT OF THE SPECTRUM OF AVAILABLE NITROGEN SOURCES ON PROROCENT-RUM MINIMUM MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Pechkovskaya S.A.12, Matantseva O.V.2, Filatova N.A.2, Telesh I.V.3
1 - Department of microbiology, St. Petersburg State University, Russia
2 - Institute of Cytology RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
3 - Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia [email protected]
Dinoflagellates are the prosperous group of aquatic eukaryotes. The ongoing eutrophication of coastal areas provides a competitive advantage to these organisms due to their ability to assimilate nitrogen from a variety of dissolved organic and inorganic sources. The analysis of genomic and transcriptomic databases revealed the presence of transporters and enzymes involved in uptake and assimilation of basic nitrogenous compounds present in seawater in dinoflagellates. In laboratory experiments with the culture of dinoflagellates Prorocentrum minimum, we investigated how the spectrum of available nitrogen sources influences morphological and physiological parameters of cells. We showed that addition of nitrate, ammonium, urea, glycine and their combinations to the culture growing on nitrate causes various physiological cell responses. The incorporation of H3-uridine by dinoflagellate cells revealed an increase in the RNA synthesis rate after the addition of supplementary nitrogen sources to the culture. Remarkably, the extent to which RNA synthesis was enhanced differed depending on the available nitrogen sources. For example, the largest increase in the level of RNA synthesis was achieved in response to addition of the ammonium/urea combination. The analysis of
