CC BY
14
Iskandarova O.R., Ph.D.
docent
Tashkent State University of Transport
MODERN RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING THE ORAL SKILLS OF RUSSIAN-SPEAKING STUDENTS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE
CLASSES
Annotation: The article discusses the need to develop students' literacy in oral and written texts in the state language, to create meaning in our language -to feel the primary feature, to understand that the future is the basis of a noble word in the development of all spheres of society. Teachers will also be given some tips to strengthen students' spelling skills.
Keywords: listening and comprehension, sound changes, capitalization, hyphenation, spelling dictionary analysis, syllable rules, spelling rules, conversation methods.
I know that whenever I communicate in another language I am improving in that language. But regardless of my level in a language, I'm satisfied with whatever I am able to do, since at one point I was unable to understand anything in the language. I also know from experience that my ability to speak and to pronounce well will only improve with time, as long as I remain alert to what I hear and read, and how I use the language.
Importance of listening
I mean as much as an hour a day or more, just about every day. I do this when I start out learning a new language. I also do this when refreshing in a language that has slipped. I listen in my car and while doing chores around the house. I listen while exercising or running. I rarely just sit down and focus on listening. I just listen "on the fly", taking advantage of "dead time" during the day.
Listening creates a body of experience for the brain. If the content is interesting, and the voice pleasing, listening creates an emotional connection with another language. Listening creates neural connections. Perhaps it is like the function known as mirror neurons, in that listening activates neurons in a way similar to speaking, or perhaps not, but there is no doubt that high resonance listening prepares me for speaking. It gives me phrases, improves my comprehension, lets me hear the pronunciation ever more clearly, and gives me momentum for eventually speaking. I put a fair amount of effort into searching out content that is high resonance, interesting, sufficiently challenging without being too difficult, and above all enjoyable. Typically I start with short, easier content and graduate to longer more interesting content. I also make sure that I have access to a transcript of what I am listening to so I can understand it. This
leads to the second important activity needed to develop the ability to speak well.
Read a lot different type of materials
So reading gives you words, individual words, and phrases, words in combination with other words. To express yourself you need words. To communicate you need to understand what the other person is saying, and this requires a large vocabulary, a large passive vocabulary. To have meaningful conversations with people, you need to understand what they are saying. This means that your passive vocabulary needs to be larger than your active vocabulary.
Of course you want to activate as much of your passive vocabulary as possible. But you will likely always have trouble using all the words that you know passively. You may be annoyed that you can't find words that you feel you know. But it doesn't matter. If you have the vocabulary and comprehension level to engage in lots of conversation, your speaking skills will gradually catch up and more and more of your passive vocabulary will be activated.
Most of my reading is at first limited to reading the transcripts or texts of whatever I am listening to. A lot of this is done on my iPad using LingQ. However, as I progress in the language, I develop the ability to read anything I want, albeit with a small percentage of as yet unknown words. At that point the listening and reading diverge. I engage in both activities independently. This just builds up my familiarity with the language, preparing me for effective communication.
Writing is a great way to start producing the language.
I have to confess to being too lazy to write much in the languages I am learning. About the only writing I do is with the dictation task that LingQ offers as one of the five review activities in each lesson. However, if I did take the time to write, I would improve my speaking faster. When we write, we have the time to look up words, to look up grammar rules, or word endings. We have more time to think things through. This no doubt prepares us for speaking. The difficulty is finding something meaningful to write about. If we do write, it is the activity of writing, rather than any correction of that writing, that is of greatest benefit, in my experience. So if you want to start speaking, maybe you should try to start by writing.
Speaking with partners and natives
To speak well, you eventually have to speak a lot. If you can find someone near you to speak to in the language you are learning, take advantage. If you have achieved a certain level in the language, you may have to go to the country where the language is spoken to get a lot of speaking experience.
If you aren't ready to casually converse with native speakers or are too anxious to attend language meetups, find a language exchange partner instead. This language exchange partner could be a friend who happens to be a native or
fluent speaker of your target language. It could also be a fellow learner interested in studying a language you're proficient in.
Aside from meetups, you can search for a language partner online through language exchange websites and apps, perhaps participate in some language exchange on Skype. You can also go on WhatsApp for language exchange to connect with like-minded language learners.
The great thing about online interactions is that they take away the social anxiety of being face-to-face, allowing you to discuss a variety of language exchange topics without the stress of small talk.
If this type of social interaction is just not your thing, you can always find a language tutor to help you with speaking, in addition to the rest of the language skills.
Failing that you can look for online language exchange partners of website where you can find online language tutors. I have used tutors at iTalki and at LingQ for this purpose. When I speak I don't worry about my mistakes, I even encourage my partner not to correct me while I speak. I just want to communicate. I immediately forget any corrections made during our discussions anyway. I do, however, appreciate getting a list of those words and phrases that caused me difficulty, for review after our conversation. I import these into LingQ as lessons. Sometimes the tutor records these lists for me, which is really great.
I am thus able to review words and phrases that I want to use, and struggled to use, in the context of a meaningful conversation. This is all high resonance material, and it brings listening, reading and speaking together, and ever so slightly moves me along towards my goal of speaking effectively in the language I am learning.
Effective communication, of course, doesn't mean perfect communication, nor error free communication. It just means communicating in a way that leaves both speaking partners feeling comfortable about the experience.
References:
1. Enazarov T., Shakarova F. "Actual issues of teaching the Uzbek language in technical universities 1 / Theory and practice, methodology and technology). Current issues of teaching Uzbek and foreign languages in technical universities. T. 2020. Page 18;
2. Sharp Hoshimov. "Inscriptions in the notebook frame". T.2018. 235 b;
3. "Tafakkur gulshani".T.1989. 459 b;
4. https://blog.thelinguist.com/improve-speaking-skills/ ;
5. O.R. Iskandarova Oliy ta'limda rusiyzabon guruh talabalariga "o'zbek Tili-davlat tili", "o'zbek tilining imlo qoidalari" Mavzusini o'rgatish bo'yicha ayrim tavsiyalar Toshkent davlat transport universiteti f.f.n, dotsent; "Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences" journal/ 1039 -1047 p;
6. https://www.fluentu.com/blog/how-to-improve-foreign-language-skills/;
