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METHODS AND MEANS OF RESOURCE CONSERVATION OF WATER TREATMENT OF A
SPORTS POOL.
Ьирепкоуи 8\ейипи Л1ек8ееупи
МЕТОДЫ И СРЕДСТВА РЕСУРСОСБЕРЕЖЕНИЯ ВОДОПОДГОТОВКИ СПОРТИВНОГО
БАССЕЙНА
Лапенкова Светлана Алексеевна
ABSTRACT
In this article, methods of disinfecting a sports pool (chlorination, ozonation, ultraviolet radiation) are considered. A comparative analysis of these methods is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. The ecological and economic effect is calculated and the most rational method of water treatment is proposed.
АННОТАЦИЯ
в данной статье рассматриваются методы обеззараживания спортивного бассейна (хлорирование, озонирование, ультрафиолетовое излучение). Проведен сравнительный анализ данных методов, выявлены их достоинства и недостатки. Рассчитан эколого-экономический эффект и предложен наиболее рациональный метод водоподготовки.
Key words: water treatment, chlorination, ozonation, ultraviolet radiation, environmental and economic efficiency, electric power, depreciation deductions.
Ключевые слова: водоподготовка, хлорирование, озонирование, ультрафиолетовое излучение, эколого-экономическая эффективность, электроэнергия, амортизационные отчисления.
The purpose of this article is to consider methods and means of water treatment of a sports pool and choose the most rational way of water disinfection in the pool.
The water in the pool comes from the city water supply, which meets the requirement SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems. Quality control".
Waste water from toilets, foot baths and washing showers, washing the floors are taken to the sewage system.
Emptying the swimming pool is carried out once a year. With this process, water from the pool enters the storm sewage system of the city.
The work of the swimming pool is associated with a constant risk of a massive disease of infectious and parasitic diseases, as well as the development of allergic reactions. This is a public place where any violation of sanitary and hygienic requirements is fraught with negative consequences. Therefore, laboratory water quality control in the swimming pool is an integral part of the sanitary supervision of this facility.
During the operation of the pool, the water is subjected to physical, chemical and biological contamination. To combat all types of pollution, it is necessary to choose the most effective method of disinfection. In this article, a comparative analysis of
three methods of disinfection is carried out: chlorination, ozonation and ultraviolet radiation.
1. Ozone is an effective reagent, does not change the acidity of water and does not remove from it the substances necessary for humans. Residual ozone in water quickly turns into oxygen, thereby enriching them with water. Ultraviolet has a sufficiently high virucidal effect at practical doses. Chlorination is less effective against viruses.
2. The technological simplicity of the chlorination process and the lack of chlorine deficiency cause the widespread use of this method of disinfection.
3. The ozonation method is the most technically complex and costly in comparison with chlorination and ultraviolet disinfection.
4. Ultraviolet radiation does not change the chemical composition of water, even at doses far exceeding practically necessary. Chlorination can lead to the formation of undesirable organochlorine compounds, which are highly toxic and carcinogenic. Ozonation also produces by-products (aldehydes, ketones and other aliphatic aromatic compounds).
5. Only chlorination has a long-term effect and provides residual chlorine water in doses of 0.1-0.3 mg / l.
Thus, when choosing the method of water disinfection, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors - the effectiveness of the method, the economy and environmental friendliness of the application, and safety. The most acceptable method
that meets all criteria is the combined method. The use of ultraviolet disinfection with the further use of secondary chlorination.
Table 1
ANNUAL COSTS OF OZONE GENERATOR AND UV DISINFECTION.
-—-—^^^Mgthod of disinfection Annual costs " " "———__ Ozon generator UV disinfection
Electric power 227003,72 rub/year 123516,73 rub/year
Depreciation deductions 418000 rub/year 816189 rub/year
Total annual costs 645003,72 rub/year 939705,73 rub/year
From the calculations of economic efficiency (Table 1) it can be seen that UV cleaning is more economical in terms of electricity consumption (by 103486.99 rubles) compared to ozonation. Depreciation charges for the ozon generator for the warranty period (4,5 years) will cover capital investments for the introduction of UV disinfection.
From the point of view of ecological safety, UV disinfection does not harm health to personnel and visitors, while ozone poses a high threat to the health of personnel and is a class of danger.
References
1.Khokhryakova E.A. Modern methods of water disinfection. Moscow: "Aqua-Therm" Publishing Center, 2014, 55 p.
2.SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01. Moscow: Ministry of Health of Russia, 2002.
3.Mosin O.V. The use of ozone in water treatment [Plumbing, heating, air conditioning], issue. 9, Moscow. 2011, pp. 40-43.
4.Maydalyan T.M. The Right Pool in the House and the Site. Moscow: Publishing House "XXI Century", 2007, 256 p.
5.J. Paul Guyer, P.E., R.A. Introduction to Water Treatment. Continuing Education and Development, 2010, pp 26 - 38.
УДК: 743.565.83_
СИНТЕЗ И МОЛЕКУЛЬЯРНАЯ И КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА ПАРА -_ОКСИБЕНЗОАТА YB(III)._
Касумова Самира Али кызы.
Докторант Гянджинского филиала Национальная АН Азербайдана
SYNTHESIS OF MOLECULAR AND CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE OF PARA-HYDROXYBENZOATA YB (III).
Kasimova Samira Ali kizi
Doctoral student of the Ganja branch of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Azerbaijan
АННОТАЦИЯ
Синтезировано новые комплекс пара-оксибензойнои кислоты с Yb (III), - получена монокристаллы для рентгенструктурнова анализа и расшифрована молекулярная и кристаллического структура нового комплекса. Установлено что, метал координируется килородами карбоксилной группы монодентадно, бидентатно и бидентатно-мостикова типа.
ABSTRACT
New para-oxybenzoic acid complex with Yb (III) was synthesized, single crystals were obtained for X-ray diffraction analysis and the molecular and crystalline structure of the new complex was deciphered. It has been established that the metal is coordinated by the carboxyl group kilorods monodentadno, bidentate and bidentate-bridge type.
Куличевые слова: пара-оксибензойнои кислота, рентгенструктурный анализ, комплекс Yb (III), монодентадный, бидентатный, бидентатно-мостиковые связьи.
Key words: para-oxybenzoic acid, X-ray analiz, complex Yb (III), monodentadno, bidentate and bidentate-bridge.
Пара - оксибензойная кислота -4 -HO-C6H4COOH встречается в почвах [1], в морской воде [2] и различных органах растений: листьях и ягодах виноградника [3], сахарной свекле [4], томатах [5]. Биологическая активность пара -
оксибензойной кислоты изучено достаточно: синтез стеринов в ткани головного мозга, стимулирует реакции секреции кислоты желудка на тетрачастрин и повышает базальную секрецию [6].
