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Boltaboev A.K. teacher
Department of Fine Arts and Engineering Graphics
Namangan State University Uzbekistan
Abdirasilov S.F., candidate of pedagogical sciences
professor
Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizomi
METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL-PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE IN STUDENTS BY MAKING PENCIL DRAWINGS AND DRAFTS
Abstact. This article analyzes the methods of developing professional-pedagogical competence of students by performing pencil drawings and drafts. Looking at the object, they clearly see its structural features. By nature, painting itself is exhibitionism. During the process of painting from nature, feelings and differences arise when observing the form. That is why nature is used in the educational process.
Key words: professional-pedagogical competence, principle of exhibitionism, pen drawing, flat objects, exhibitions, drafts.
Introduction
The task of pedagogy is to teach students, young people to concentrate on one place, to approach work independently. That's why the pedagogue should seriously consider each kind of post. Guides are also used to observe nature. Cardboard and other materials are used for this. The exhibition should also be comprehensible to students and young people from a methodological point of view. For example, when students are working with geometric objects, it is very appropriate to show them and draw diagrams, to use demonstrations. In this case, students and young people will learn how to draw nature with quick thinking.
The principle of visibility is very important in the educational system. The classics of pedagogy gave valuable ideas about the demonstration of education.
The demonstration principle of education cannot be interpreted in isolation from other didactic principles. It is strongly related to other principles of didactics, especially to the principles of awareness and activity in education, solid and thorough mastery. The instructional principle of education is characterized by the fact that it is a principle aimed at ensuring students' perception of the educational material directly through concrete images. "This demonstration is such an education that it is not based on abstract ideas and words, but on concrete images directly perceived by children. Whether children learned these images during the transition process under the guidance of their
teachers, or as a result of independent observation, it is all the same"!
The principle of demonstrability is to arm students with persuasive knowledge by referring to the objects themselves, which are the source of perception. Drawing from nature itself is a visual teaching method. The process of painting according to nature begins with being able to see, feel and observe the object. Visibility is directly related to the observation of nature and the correct interpretation of its analysis. This affects the better understanding of the object and phenomena, while also improving the quality of the correct representation of the image on the paper level.
Material and methods
Perception can be different depending on the character of the object being observed or the characteristics of the educational material: direct perception through direct observation of things, events and events in life or educational materials, recalling and imagining the images of previously perceived and perceived objects and educational materials. Perception through the presentation of exhibition materials, which represent the image of objects, events and events or educational materials. The visual aids used in education provide students with a clear and concrete visual perception and mobilize as many senses as possible to the observed object, the faster, more convenient and easier learning materials are. This ensures thorough mastering of educational materials.
Through the exhibition materials, students get acquainted with objects, events and events of objective existence, their characteristics, signs and means of communication with each other. As a result of perception of abstract phenomena through concrete images with pen drawings, students' logical thinking activities develop. It is especially important to work on materials such as schemes, tables, diagrams, which are aimed at identifying, understanding and mastering the characteristics of an educational material by independent thinking, comparing, analyzing, summarizing, drawing conclusions.
The above-mentioned organization of visualization ensures conscious, independent and active learning of the educational material. In order for visualization to give effective results, other aspects of it should be taken into account.
First, the visual aids used should be suitable for the level, age and general characteristics of the students of each class.
Secondly, the visual aids used should help reveal the content of the topic, which corresponds to the characteristics of the subject of the lesson. Excessive use of instructional material in lessons is not recommended. When the visual aids increase, the increase in impressions makes it difficult to process in the mind, and it damages the quality of students' knowledge.
It allows to fully understand the role of emotional image in human cognitive activity, to understand the transition from concrete thinking to abstract thinking, to emotional image. It can be both an independent process and a tool for the formation of abstract thoughts in the development of students. The term
visuality of education cannot express the wealth of emotional knowledge and its importance in the development of a child. Instructional educational tools are one of the aspects of organizing the emotional knowledge of the student. They are just a moment of complex dialectical conflicting connection between emotional and mental knowledge in the student's cognitive activity.
Result and discussion
All this will closely help students and young people to learn how to see nature and draw it. Ya. A. Komensky emphasized that "the principle of demonstrability is the golden rule of didactics." Because the fact that a guided weapon does not stay in its place, it is necessary to prove it with words. If we focus on the following groups of visual aids used in the subjects of fine arts and their educational goals:
a)/ Exhibitions related to nature painting lessons/flat objects, notebooks, books, flags/ dimensional objects, fruit and vegetable products, geometric figures, school and educational tools, household and household items, human, bird and animal species and others;
b) visual aids made on the basis of the constructive construction of objects and objects and on the basis of perspectival and color rules;
c) tables and schemes. Line or color exhibitions made from the methodical side to explain the rules and laws of perspective;
g) reproductions of paintings.
Pupil sculpture; it is necessary to use information about well-known artists who created graphic, colorful works.
d) teacher's drawings.
In-kind objects placed by the teacher on the classroom board can be shown by drawing sketches on the classroom board or paper by composition perspective. It can also be drawn on different colored papers. Therefore, it is appropriate for students to be able to see nature, to be able to analyze the details of nature, to be able to work with nature on the basis of figurative laws, and to be able to apply such things as painting from general to detail and back to general in practice.
Conclusion
Some of the same students have diseases such as not being able to hear well, not being able to see far away. Usually, it is better for such students to be in front of the teacher and sit at the front desks.
The eye does not perceive light waves of different lengths in the same way. Yellow eye and air are more prone to color perception. Sometimes there are cases of not perceiving chromatic colors at all. To such a person, all objects appear to be painted in black. Often, the condition of not perceiving certain colors red and green can be met, this is called daltonism.It is necessary for the teacher to pay special attention to such students when choosing a profession, because those with color blindness cannot become drivers, drivers, pilots, or artists.
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